За скитника чудак в “Стихотворения” (1901, 1904 г.) на Пейо Яворов

Author(s): Sava Sivriev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 17/2017

In his famous preface to P. K. Yavorov Poems (1904) Pencho Slaveykov wrote that the wander’s lyrical character in emotional, spiritual and mental spaces portrayed in the poetry book as weirdo is a central character of Yavorov‘s early lyrics. In medieval Bulgaria man is self-consciously finding himself as wanderer and alien to the surrounding world. His home, which he lost, is in the afterlife and within Jesus Christ. During the Bulgarian National Awakening the concept is that home is built-in here - in one’s own land where the native rivers, valleys, and mountains are, where one’s generic space - mother, father, and brothers are. Leaving is a concept of pain and suffering. The wanderer in a stranger and in distant lands he is a martyr.

Фолклорни ли са паремиите в средновековните маргинални текстове?

Author(s): Danko Georgiev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

The study aims to analyze the presence of set expressions in medieval marginal texts. The analysis requires understanding of the specifics of the two types of cultures - literary and folklore and the possible interplay between them. Following the theoretical discussion, some specific examples are given to present the ways in which set expressions functions in non-folklore texts. It is found that the literary formulas in the paratexts are based on the Biblical worldview, which constitutes the difference between them and the folklore language formulas. If any influence is possible at all, it is one-way - from literary text to folklore. The opposite is unacceptable as a rule.

Топоси и протообрази за Методий като славянски светец в „Пространното житие на Св. Методий”

Author(s): Greta Stoyanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2017

The article discusses the topoi and proto-images in The Life of Saint Methodius used to emphasise the significance of St. Methodius as a Slavonic Apostle and archbishop. The analysis shows that the author presents the deeds of Methodius through the events and topoi of narrative, but evaluates them through a system of proto-images and prototypes. In this way the deeds of Methodius are compared to those of Biblical characters and heavenly creatures. The selection of images, (from the Old Testament, New Testament and early Christian, with a clear preference for the Old Testament Patriarchs), presents Methodius as a messenger of God, patron-saint of all Slavs, teacher, Church leader and pastor, protector from heresy, apostle and mentor of Slavonic peoples.

Смъртта на цар Самуил у Емануил Попдимитров – Контексти на смисъла

Author(s): Strashimir Tsanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 16/2016

The paper deals with Emanuil Popdimitrov’s drama Tzar Samuil and more precisely with the issue of the way of representing the ruler’s death. The meaning of the work has been interpreted in different contexts: of Emanuil Popdimitrov’s works, of the cultural situation between the two world wars, of the Bulgarian historiography, of the Bulgarian literature. Spacial attention has been paid to the way in which the dialogue between the different contexts in Tzar Samuil bears literary meanings.

За някои литературни дифузии в идилиите на Петко Тодоров и Йоханес Шлаф

Author(s): Milena Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 15/2015

The present study examines the problem of the influence of Johannes Schlaf on the creative individuality of Petko Todorov. The research shows that the similarity between the works of both authors is not only “external” or just on “title level”. It is found also in the specific unclear genre and in the decoration of the text with poetic indicators, as well as in the use of constructional methods, inherent in poetry. Idylls of Petko Todorov and Schlaf find their dialogue core on the plot level.

Предчувствие за война. Дневниците на Кирил Христов – Том Х-и.

Author(s): Magdalena Kostadinova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 15/2015

The article focuses on issues of nationalism and the attitude to the foreigners and it tries to provoke reevaluation of the past and analogies with modern life. Diaries as texts are close to the modern humanitarian practice: they contain a number of short stories, which similarly to the contemporary reflexive prose are an argument to a thesis; as documents of everyday life they successfully serve the needs and fashionable tendencies in historiography. This research studies the Diaries as an interdisciplinary text where Cyril Christov with his high erudition makes multidirectional significant generalizations from his personal observations.

Екзистенциалните решения на Кирил Христов

Author(s): Sava Sivriev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 15/2015

Cyril Christov’s lyrics are labelled hedonistic, erotic in Bulgarian Literary studies. The poet is called sick of life, and with many synonyms, but it should be noted that the texts that carry these moods and senses are just a few among the impressive volume of poet’s lyrical legacy. The extraordinary, scandalous, provocative message shook the public taste through these texts in the 90s of the 19th century and is probably the reason why it was accepted as iconic and the rest of Cyril Christov’s poetic corpus was almost ignored. His hedonistic philosophy is a result of his existential drama in the search for the meaning of life. This drama is demonstrated in many texts written before the so-called hedonistic lyrics. It starts with the severance of his relations with society, whose Weltanschauung is very different from the beloved poet mentality, his loneliness in the world of others, and his understanding of how futile it is to serve culture. The era of the late 19th - early 20th century offered theocentric solutions for the meaning of life, the same as until mid-19th century. It did not offer a sense for public service as it has done during the Bulgarian National Awakening. Late 19th - early 20th century was a time of existential drama, individualism, pessimism, sadness, loneliness, an era when everyone addressed the meaning of life individually. Following many public mortifications and awareness of the futility of creativity Cyril Christov offers to master and experience eternity through moments of beauty and exhilaration of life as possible wisdom.

Дом, основан върху камък (Хитър Петър и българската смехова култура)

Author(s): Petar Stefanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 15/2015

The article studies folklore and literary aspects of Hitar Petar’s functioning in Bulgarian humour culture. The protagonist is viewed in the context of the European trickster tradition and in relation to the specifics of Bulgarian humour. Readers’ attention is specifically drawn to Sava Popov’s book Hitar Petar and its illustrations, made by Iliya Beshkov.

Героят в преосъществяванията на човека

Author(s): Hristo Trendafilov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

The article examines the cultural-historical dimensions of the hero’s Grave. Special attention is paid to the graves of the princess - Baptist of the Slavic peoples and especially to the Baptist of Bulgaria - Boris-Mihail. The relation between a real and a symbolic grave is underlined through numerous examples.

Петър Черноризец и патристичната проповедническа традиция

Author(s): Greta Stoyanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

The text is devoted to the Old Bulgarian author of 10th century - Peter Chernorizets, and it offers some initial research on the impact of patristic preaching tradition and in particular John Chrysostom’s influence on Peter Chernorizets’ work. There is also a comment on the rhetorical techniques in Peter Chernorizets’ works, and conclusions about the dissemination of his words in the manuscript books and incunabula.

Славянската старопечатна книга

Author(s): Desislava Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

The article finds some evidence for first Bulgarian incunabula. This is the book „Oktoih“ created by the Polish printer Svaipold Feel in 1491. The next part of article present theactivity of the Bulgarian printer Jakov Krajkov. He worked in Venice during the late XVI century (European Renaissance) while numerous and various cultural trends and phenomena were mixed up. His printed books, used by the Bulgarians, are the living proof of the Renaissance’s influence on the Eastern culture.

Концептът Цар Симеон във „Видения из древна България” на Николай Райнов – историческата личност като обект на стилизация и деисторизация

Author(s): Strashimir Tsanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2016

The paper deals with of N. Raynov’s story “Tsar Simeon” in view of its place in the context of modern Bulgarian literature. Special attention has been paid to its correlation with the homonymous work of P. Todorov. An interpretation of the identity of the dialogue between historiography and literature in N.-Raynov’s work has been done. Conclusions about the specifics of the relation of modern Bulgarian literature to medieval historical themes have been drawn.

Сатирическото и философическото познание на Стоян Михайловски

Author(s): Sava Sivriev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 14/2014

In Stoyan Mihaylovski’s collection of poems named Philosophical and Satirical Sonnets (1895) emerges the European man’s intellectual drama at the end of 19th century. The crisis of rationalism was further marked by the destruction of long-term philosophical paradigms, of crumbling ideologies once helping to understand the surrounding world and humankind. In short - all that has been hope and consolation in human thinking, life and behavior. Moreover, according to the sonnets, human hope and comfort, philosophy and ideology that people themselves invented are nothing but good intentions. Outside the scope of good intentions remain the truth about the world and humankind - both incomprehensible and impossible for his mind. Both in private and in public man lives with the evil. It arises from man’s emotions, spiritual life. Only the will has the power of choice. The poet’s lyrical ego also experiences the drama of failed culture and civilization. The emotional states expressed by Stoyan Mihaylovski’s sonnets are grief, sadness, pessimism, and loneliness. The voice of poet’s lyrical ego sees the only solution in his desire to achieve nirvana, easy death, passing away. Stoyan Mihaylovski’s sonnets are a manifestation of individuals' existential drama in Bulgarian society at the end of 19th century, a drama expressed as a universal issue.

Прототип съди автор (случай от българската социалистическа култура)

Author(s): Dechka Chavdarova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 13/2013

In 1956 the novel “Will”, written by Mitko Gorchivkin, was published in Bulgaria. It was created according to the pattern of some Soviet novels as those written by N. Ostrovski and B. Polevoy - the main character of the Bulgarian novel had a real prototype - a boy who had lost his legs during the bombings in Sofia and by the strength of his will was able to learn to write and draw. The conformity with the doctrine of socialist realism - depiction of “truth of life” and, accordingly, creation of characters to serve as models, guarantees the success. But, ironically, the principle of authenticity played a bad trick to the author: several years after the publication the author was sued and had to give a part of his fee to his prototype. This is an example of the unexpected effect of: 1) the relationship life - literature in socialist realism 2) the contradiction between propaganda “idealism” motivating the wish for glorification (the man himself looks for an author to depict his life) and material interest.

За душата крин (Н. Лилиев) и жената крин (Ем. Дворянова)

Author(s): Nadezhda Tsocheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 18/2018

The present text studies the symbolic uses of the flower lily in the texts of Bulgarian modernism and post-modernism. The writings by N. Liliev and Em. Dvoryanova use mythological stereotypes connected with the Virgin Mary – Mother of God, a never dying flower, the Eleusa (the Compassionate and the Caressing One), figuratively named as the lily soul and the lily woman in their striving for the divine world. In ‘The Earthly Gardens of Mary, Mother of God’ by Dvoryanova, instead of the faded away gardens of the symbolism (N. Liliev), perceived through the suffering and completely pure soul lily, and the Otherworld, which stays beyond the grasp of the mind, perceived through the motive of the darkness (dark lily), the blossoming gardens of the Mother of God can be seen, where the sweetheart of the flowers blooms, namely the lily (part of the imagery of Paradise); and these gardens are unreached, forbidden for the uninitiated. Em. Dvoryanova interprets in a very original way the correlation between body and spirit in the context of the key motive for Longing.

Архетипът Йов или за корените на меланхолията в „Планински вечери“ на Асен Разцветников

Author(s): Nikolay Dimitrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 18/2018

The current paper searches for the roots of melancholy in Asen Raztsvetnikov’s book “Mountain evenings” using observations of the Job archetype in the poet’s verses. The archetype, unlike the myth, with its theological symbolism, gives us an opportunity to peer into the psychological structure of the poetry, and with that – a more wholesome understanding of the work’s messages. K. G. Jung’s “Answer to Job” and “Aion” are the theoretical base for this paper. Melancholy is seen as an existential condition of the persona – a result of deeper understanding of Being.

За драмата „Ратай” на Рачо Стоянов и истината около нея

Author(s): Nikolay Dimkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 18/2018

Защо Добри Войников пише предговора към „Криворазбраната цивилизация”?

Author(s): Violeta Todorova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

The prologue to Dobri Voynikov's comedy „The Misunderstood Civilization" emphasizes the national significance of the problem of the changed values, and implies the necessity of national self-awareness. The prologue is a guideline for understanding the content of the comedy, and it is a message from the author to the reader to answer the question of what real civilization is.

Без/смъртността на бъдещето: Недялка Михова и Дмитрий Глуховски

Author(s): Elena Borisova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

Are we so insatiable and greedy, that we will never be satisfied? The article presents the way in which Nedyalka Mihova`s „The Stars Come Closer“ and Dmitry Glukhovsky`s „Future“ rationalize and represent future human immortality through extreme artistic images. The study focuses on the ways in which science fiction foresees the biotechnological enhancement of the human body, manipulation of the human genome and the future tendenies of changing Homo sapiens' body and his nature.

История и литература в контекста на културната памет в романите на Румяна Захариева

Author(s): Bilyana Pavlova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 02/2018

The topic of this text is the meeting of culture, history, as well as the memory of these reflected in literature, as an answer to the question: What part of the recorded history of Bulgaria and of the literary works related to it has crystallized in the personal histories of protagonists, and is reflected in memory with the distance of time and within a foreign cultural milieu?