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4.50 €

Zanim powstało Polonicum

Author(s): Piotr Kajak / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The following text is not only a contribution to the history of Polish glottodidactics in Warsaw, but also an introduction to further historical research on Polish glottodidactics, especially in the interwar period and the first years after the Second World War. Not only does it mark the 65th anniversary of Warsaw Polonicum, but also the 95 years of the first Polish class held for foreigners at the revived University of Warsaw.

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Współczesne reportaże o cudzoziemcach w Polsce jako antidotum na glottodydaktyczne bezdroża bezkrytycznego szerzenia mitu polskiej gościnności

Author(s): Justyna Zych / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

In the article, the author observes that in spite of the teaching programme guidelines, current political and societal issues are rarely addressed during Polish language classes for foreigners. She claims that this situation is due to purposefully avoiding any difficult and potentially controversial topics, especially the ones that could put Poland in a bad light. The example given by the author is the myth of Polish hospitality which turns out to be, to a large extent, superficial when confronted with contemporary challenges, i.e. migration and refugee crisis. During Polish language classes, the author proposes a critical reflection on the self-stereotype of Polish hospitality through discussions and exercises based on contemporary Polish non-fiction literature. Her proposition for C1 and C2 level Polish as a foreign language classes is a choice of fragments of three reportages (literary journalism) on foreigners living in Poland, namely "Król kebabów i inne zderzenia polsko-obce" [The King of Kebabs and Other Polish-Foreign Clashes] by Marta Mazuś, "Tamtego życia już nie ma. Reportaże o uchodźcach w Polsce" [That Life Is Gone. Reportages on Refugees in Poland] by Marta Zdzieborska, and "Skóra. Witamy uchodźców" [Skin. Refugees, Welcome!] by Iza Klementowska. The author emphasizes that these texts constitute a good starting point for an uneasy yet necessary discussion on reasons and manifestations of xenophobia. She also remarks that they contribute to shaping the attitude of tolerance and openness to other cultures among students. Finally, the author underlines that some fragments aptly illustrate the phenomenon of multiculturality, which is more and more common in the contemporary world, including Poland. A detailed analysis of the chosen fragments is followed by proposals of exercises for reading comprehension, for developing speaking and writing skills, as well as for broadening vocabulary.

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„Przychodzi baba do lekarza…”

Author(s): Katarzyna Kołak-Danyi / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Language jokes are undoubtedly useful and valuable material for teachers of foreign languages. They transmit culture, spread comprehensive knowledge of a given society, its beliefs and history. In times of crisis they can – like a barometer of social moods – indicate the ability to distance from problems and cope with troubles. Nevertheless, they are not often used in classes of Polish as a foreign language. The article aims to draw attention to the categories of language jokes, which used in classes for foreigners can result in different reactions, other than intended katharsis: from misunderstanding and consternation to embarrassment and offence.

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Socjologiczne aspekty wyrażania emocji negatywnych za pomocą języka polskiego jako obcego

Author(s): Barbara Łukaszewicz / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The text aims to present selected concepts and views, formed on the basis of sociology, which directly or indirectly refer to expressing negative emotions through language and culture. The article points out to these aspects of showing emotions, which to a greater extent, are connected more with socio-cultural than biological factors. They are more related to discovering verbal and non-verbal ways of expressing emotions through language and culture, which are unfamiliar to foreigners, for example, those learning Polish as a foreign language, The text also discusses selected phenomena and trends in expressing negative emotions, which are characteristic of Polish culture. It is useful knowledge for foreigners, who try to find themselves in new linguistic and non-linguistic space. The summary underlines the importance of sociology in glottodidactics, which is based on the belief that language is part of culture and learning it is connected with becoming accustomed to life in new society.

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Upowszechnianie języka polskiego w Azji Wschodniej i Południowej

Author(s): Piotr Kajak / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The growing importance of Asia and the Pacific Region connected with social and economic changes of the 21st century is also visible in Polish publications. As Poland is interested in laying the foundations for its presence in this part of the world, there are numerous initiatives to promote Polish culture and language. Their effectiveness varies. The author focuses on the links which academic circles, gathered around Polish studies, maintain and strengthen with east and south Asian partners, regardless of favourable (or not) circumstances. Polish glottodidactics becomes in this sense one of the public diplomacy components. Teaching Polish as a foreign language is one of activities of public diplomacy. Teachers of Polish and their students and especially Asian specialists – allies of Poland abroad and Poland’s friends – form a new community, whose merits should be emphasised as not only does it strengthen Polish presence outside Poland, but also enhances prestige of our country.

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Język polski na ukraińskich bezdrożach

Author(s): Agnieszka Jastrzębska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article discusses the problems of teaching Polish in Ukraine in the last decade. It consists of four parts. The first part shows how Ukraine complies with the objectives of the "European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages". The second part discusses the level of Polish presented by its teachers. The third part analyses Polish language handbooks for the Ukrainians. The last part attempts to analyse syllabuses. The author points out to the differences between teaching Polish as a foreign language and as a language of an ethnic minority. The aim of the article is to encourage teachers to look for new solutions as well as to sum up the last decade, which was of the utmost importance for Polish language in Ukraine.

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Zastosowanie metody przedmiotowo-językowej CLIL w edukacji muzealnej obcokrajowców w Polsce

Author(s): Katarzyna Žák-Caplot / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article maps and discusses basic notions, sources as well as Polish and foreign projects aimed at teaching foreign languages using museum collections and historical resources. It presents the value of the content and language integrated method to language museum projects and museums themselves, as teaching language using CLIL can be seen as every Polish museum’s mission and Nina Simon’s theory of participatory museum. How this method is used in teaching Polish as a foreign language and Polish culture was presented on the example of “Warsaw for intermediate students” project, which was run by the Museum of Warsaw and Polonicum – the Centre of Polish Language and Culture of Warsaw University. Showing the practical use of the content and language integrated method in the museum environment made it possible to see how important such activities were for the participants of language classes as well as for the teachers of Polish as a foreign language. For those learning foreign languages it is an opportunity to learn a language in an interesting and unconventional way, which is placed in the historical and cultural context; for the teachers it is an opportunity to immerse students in a complete, but controlled foreign language environment and give them a possibility to search for information on their own and act creatively in Polish.

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Ocenianie sumujące (podejście tradycyjne), formatywne (kształtujące) i strategie grywalizacyjne w nauczaniu szkolnym i uniwersyteckim

Author(s): Dorota Zackiewicz / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article discusses summative assessment (traditional) in school and university education. The author analyses the legislation on assessment and didactic practice in this field. The next section of the article describes the rules of formative assessment and the elements of game-based assessment, which can be an important and useful completion of the classic assessment.

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Muzyka w nauczaniu języka polskiego jako obcego

Author(s): Tomasz Wegner / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The author reflects on contemporary ways of listening to music in the context of teaching and learning Polish as a foreign language. Unrestricted access to music can bring many benefits to the learners of Polish as a foreign language, but a plethora of sounds in public space or at home may cause indifference towards sound stimuli. The author refers to the results of his own research on learners of Polish as a foreign language and their contacts with Polish music and its didactic potential. He also describes selected activities undertaken by the Polonicum Centre to popularize Polish music among the participants of Polish language courses as well as establishing emotional ties with Polish culture through music.

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Seria "Z innej bajki" jako odpowiedź na wyzwania współczesnej glottodydaktyki

Author(s): Joanna Prędota,Anna Rabczuk / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The authors describe a series of materials for teaching Polish as a foreign language to children from the age of seven in Germany. "From a Different Fable" by Joanna Prędota, Anna Rabczuk, Marta Skura and Aleksandra Święcka consists of two student’s books, a workbook and materials for teachers and is based on the core curriculum of the Ministry of Education and the Syllabuses for Polish as a foreign language at level A1-C2. The series responds to levels A1, A2 and B1. The second volume contains certificate tasks, modelled on the state examination for children and teenagers at level B1 and comes with an educational platform. The authors present the research the series is based on. They also refl ect on the challenge of writing attractive handbooks and didactic materials for children speaking Polish as an inherited language, which could compete with a plethora of interactive tasks offered by modern technologies in the third decade of the 21st century. A very important aspect of their discussion is the development of children and teenagers’ intercultural competence.

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Dwujęzyczność i dwukulturowość w podręczniku do nauki języka polskiego dla nastolatków w Wielkiej Brytanii "Od dzwonka do dzwonka" w obliczu wyzwań stojących przed współczesną glottodydaktyką polonistyczną

Author(s): Marta Skura,Aleksandra Święcka / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article concerns a new handbook for teenagers learning Polish as a foreign language in Great Britain "From a Bell to a Bell". It is a short series of materials (a handbook, supplementary materials and materials for teachers) suitable for Polish schools abroad and tailored to meet the needs, language abilities and the age of students. Its innovative concept is to introduce four teenage characters, the editors of a school paper, who act as guides to Polish culture and language. The literary texts, present in each unit, are mostly excerpts from new, liked and read books. The authors attempted to select topics which would refer to Polish-British relations. Much space in the book is devoted to differences between formal and informal Polish. The series aims to maintain and develop bilingualism and biculturalism of young people living in Great Britain.

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„Erasmus” na drogach i bezdrożach polszczyzny

Author(s): Małgorzata Malinowska,Paulina Potasińska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article contains a presentation of the coursebook "The Erasmus – Survival Course of Polish Language", designed to meet the needs of the participants of the 40-hour adaptation course, which has been traditionally organized at the University of Warsaw for many years. The authors outline the framework of their project, the assumptions of which fit into the general vision of a modern and student-friendly way of teaching foreign languages. Next, they discuss the content of the coursebook, language games and additional exercises placed on the Internet university platform campus.come.uw.edu.pl, and the evaluation of the survey results. They explain why preparing a coursebook correlated with the needs of learners is conducive to the internationalization of the university and popularization of the Polish language outside the country.

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Protest i skandal, czyli o tym, co „niedopuszczalne”

Author(s): Przemysław Pietrzak / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The author is concerned with a scandal deliberately created in the work of art (especially in literature). He distinguishes it from a scandal understood as an appraisal of someone’s act or behaviour. He considers intentional scandal in its function of protest, uniting a triple kind of provocation: social, artistic and political. Founding examples for such a kind of activity can be noticed among various groups of European avant-garde in the first decades of the 20th century. Analysing separately each of the three elements, the author states that the driving force of a deliberate scandal is a revelation of something that should have stayed concealed. He emphasizes that the norms and prohibitions broken by a scandal are always of common and historical nature.

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Taniec jako strategia, protest jako choreografia – analiza gruzińskiej „rejwolucji” w perspektywie studiów nad tańcem

Author(s): Gabriela Kozakiewicz / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The growing popularity of protests that make strategic use of dance suggests the necessity for the sociological analysis to develop tools that could capture the specificity of this form of contestation. With this aim in mind, it is worth turning to the field of dance studies, somehow neglected in the Polish academic sphere, since it provides interesting perspectives for the scientific exploration of protest events. The following article offers an overview of the key proposals of dance theorists that can be applied to the analysis of contestation episodes. These theoretical considerations are complemented by a case study of rave protests in Georgia (2018), which implements selected research perspectives proposed by dance scholars. Thus, this paper displays the usefulness of the choreographic analysis of contestation practices for the sociology of social movements. Moreover, it highlights the potential of dance as a valuable form of communicating political resistance.

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Strach przed pominięciem

Author(s): Dagmara Świerkowska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Poetry slams are events bordering on poetry, theatre and performance. Organized around the world for over 40 years, they have become a method for the presentation of independent oral creativity. Their important feature is to trigger active involvement of recipients who become judges of slam poetry. Oral poetry created by slammers is usually colloquial. As a result, it is sometimes omitted in academic discussion and treated as devoid of aesthetic or, more broadly, literary values. The grassroots, and due to its oral character, ephemeral work of slammers often has a one-off dimension, so unarchived texts, testimonies of rebellion, disappear forever. The aim of the article is to present slammer statements as a new genre and to discuss the most important features indicating the issues of opposition contained in them, which constitute their thematic core.

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Dokąd prowadzą „ścieżki cyganerii”?

Author(s): Patrycja Wojda / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

In the interpretations of the biographies of bohemian writers as well as bohemian literary characters the act of rebellion is treated as the main trait of the artistic bohemianism. This rebellion seems to be a harmless joke, whereas the bohemian is presented as a jester, overcoming adversities. However, in the studies on bohemianism little attention is paid to the fact that protest of Parisian bohemians, outwardly aimed at bourgeoisie, is marked by a longing for a bourgeois and stable life. The leading French bohemians from the 1840s would most likely abandon that life, which was proved by the biographies of Baudelaire and Murger, the author of the "Scenes of Bohemian Life", as well as peripeteia of the novel’s characters. Likewise, biographies and works of Polish bohemian writers from the turn of 1830s and 1840s are devoid of rebellion. Their attitude is rather pessimistic. They are resigned and aware of their own failure.

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Protest w sejmie a protest w teatrze

Author(s): Anna Piniewska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The aim of this article is to analyze Theatre 21’s "Revolution That Never Was" directed by Justyna Sobczyk. The author demonstrates how – in a non-obvious way – the performance raises the subject of the protest of people with disabilities and their caretakers, which took place in 2018 and lasted for forty days. She also explains how the actors and actresses challenge the social stereotypes of disabled people. The key contexts for this article are disability rights activism discussed by Tom Shakespeare and the problem of regaining presence in the public sphere (both political and artistic). The latter is related to the title of the essential publication concerning disability in theatre and performance, edited by Ewelina Godlewska-Byliniak and Justyna Lipko-Konieczna.

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„Piss On Pity!”

Author(s): Monika Dubiel / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The language of social protests often evokes ambivalent feelings. On the one hand, it carries emancipatory power, on the other, it outrages because of breaking conventions. In this chapter I focus on one of linguistic tools used in such protests, namely vulgarisms. I try to investigate their subversive potential and reveal why they might be an attractive means of expression. The aim of this chapter is to reflect on the role that vulgarisms play in constructing the language of protest used by the Disability Rights Movement in the UK, on the example of activity and poems by Alan Holdsworth. I argue that vulgarisms are an excellent tool to overturn the norm. I distinguish three ways of using them: shock, provocation and subversion. My research material consists mainly of poems and lyrics by the mentioned author. Additionally, slogans on the placards on the demonstrations organized by him and press articles reporting those events are also taken into consideration. The history of the development of the Disability Rights Movement is the context of my investigation. Considerations are situated in the paradigm of disability studies.

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Poetyki (Czarnego) protestu

Author(s): Agnieszka Waligóra / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article presents two literary representations of the Black Protest seen as a broader political and cultural emancipation movement. Barbara Klicka’s work "Sztandar, sztandar" problematizes the issue of a protest from the perspective of language – the subject of the poem, who, in the face of political events, decides to temporarily change her style. On the other hand, "Aborcja z miłości" by Dominika Dymińska focuses rather on the issue of affects as well as reproductive and emotional work, which is oppressively imposed on women in a patriarchal society. The nature of the Black Protest leads to the conclusion that all perspectives, if they are only based on the same axiological foundations, are equally valid and important, but each of them emphasizes a different aspect of emancipation.

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Wyobraźniowe przewroty we współczesnej poezji polskiej

Author(s): Przemysław Koniuszy / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article presents, through the analysis of two volumes of poetry ("Apocalypse of the Dog" by Adam Leszkiewicz and Songs by Damian Kowal), the specificity of the protest, which, in the author’s opinion, is an obligatory modality of the lyrical persona in contemporary Polish poetry. In the first case, the rebellious fierceness of the subject is expressed when it realizes that it is influenced by dehumanizing ideology and unspecified power as a force that deprives it of the right to live in a community of equal beings. The persona constructed by Leszkiewicz is sensitive to practices that authoritatively suspend the freedom to construct a private image of the world and, in line with her predisposition, seeks ways to emancipate consciousness. "Apocalypse of the Dog" turns out to be an account of the subject taking his private convictions in brackets and becoming a sovereign protester in a world previously turned to rubble. In Kowal’s "Songs", however, the actions of lyrical personas are inspired by the specificity of ambient music. Their statements are penetrated by the background of everyday life, which influences their emotions and completely absorbs thoughts, acting oppressively on them. In "Songs", the subject, in order to maintain his presence, must make offensive protest gestures, therefore his existence always betrays the contesting position, regardless of whether it is intentional (declaratively confirmed) or unconscious. Here, the poetic contestation is the result of the self-knowledge of a man realizing the scale of pressure exerted on him.

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