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4.50 €

Badania bilingwizmu (i wielojęzyczności) wybitnych nosicieli języka w przestrzeni języka polskiego: nowa subdomena historii języka?

Author(s): Bronisława Ligara / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The paper proposes that research on bilingualism of creators of literature – both their personalities and their texts in Polish and in other languages – be considered a separate subfield in the linguistic history of Polish. Some of the problems that emerge are: choice of the language for the creative output, the author’s participation in three communicative communities, transfer and exchange of elements from the space of one language/culture into the space of another language/culture, bilingual speech. We propose a reformulation of the attitude that researchers of Polish linguistic history currently take towards bilingualism of prominent authors: perception of the phenomenon as co-participation of bilingual authors in different cultures, and their contribution to the creation of cross-cultural and even trans-cultural discourse.

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Odkrywanie znaczenia w tekstach dawnych

Author(s): Dorota Kozaryn / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

This paper refers to the problem of determining the meaning of words in old texts. On the example of the word rozszłapać that is to be found in the „Kronika, to jest historyja świata…” („The Chronicle or the history of the world…”) by Marcin Bielski (1564), a still imperfect procedure of finding the meaning, consisting in comparative reading of dictionaries, contextual reading and determining the etymology of a given word, has been shown.

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Korespondencja prywatna jako przyczynek do badań języka osobniczego (na podstawie listów prywatnych Henryka Sienkiewicza)

Author(s): Leonarda Mariak / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article contains the analysis of individual properties of Henryk Sienkiewicz’s language based on the private correspondence addressed to his immediate family. The most important features of Sienkiewicz’s epistolary idiostyle are: emotionally marked lexical forms of colloquial provenance, represented mainly by idioms, colloquial lexis, especially diminutives, neologisms and terms of endearment. A peculiar element of Sienkiewicz’s writing is humor, sometimes also irony (self-irony).

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Debata z perspektywy archeologii gatunków – od praktyki do teorii

Author(s): Agnieszka Budzyńska-Daca / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

This preliminary study might be classified as an academic inquiry from the perspective of genre archaeology. In this inquiry, the author attempts to search for the genre roots of debate as a form which shaped the public discourse of that time. To this end, the author presents various practices of debate in Athens at the times of Pericles and Aristotle. Further, she presents Aristotle’s opinion regarding the usefulness of rhetoric and debate for dispute resolution in a democracy as well as his genre division of the forms of public speaking. Lastly, the author discusses several educational practices thanks to which those genre models could have been solidified and passed on to the next generations.

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Uwagi o mądrości i potrzebie zdobywania wiedzy w wybranych przekazach pisarzy kościelnych z XVII i XVIII wieku

Author(s): Beata Łukarska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The present article has been based on particular reflections which appeared in selected texts of ecclesiastical writing in 17th and 18th century. Those texts underscore the necessity of maintaining balance between the value of the human intellect and the spiritual needs of man, between the order of nature (the cognitive capabilities of man, the desire for domination over nature) and the order of grace (subordination to the wisdom of the Providence, wisdom as a gift, the attitude of humility). Simultaneously, the authors of that time (preachers, moralists, authors of reflections) praised human wisdom and the drive to knowledge. The same praise of wisdom finds its reflection in the ways of portraying significant figures in the Christian tradition, in particular the saints and the beatified. Moreover, valuable insight can be derived from the remarks regarding the proper ways of reasoning and, by extension, creative approach to the learning process, both on the part of the teachers as well as the students.

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Osiemnastowieczne reguły „dla świętego przedsięwzięcia, doświadczania a polepszania” jako zabytek polszczyzny cieszyńskiej

Author(s): Jana Raclavská / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Jan Muthman, the first Lutheran pastor in Cieszyn is known first and foremost as the author of the book „The Allegiance to God and the Emperor in the Times of Pestilence…” published in 1716. This clergyman was also a translator of ecclesiastical writings intended for the inhabitants of the Cieszyn Silesia. One of such volumes was „A Hundred Rules for Living…” published in 1720. A linguistic analysis of this volume can provide significant insight into the regional variants of 18th‑century Cieszyn dialect of Polish.

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„Bogurodzica” na współczesnej polskiej scenie muzycznej. Kilka słów o recepcji

Author(s): Adam Regiewicz / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

“Bogurodzica” has for centuries constituted one of the pillars of Polish culture. As the oldest religious song written in Polish, it designates avenues of interpretation of the medieval aesthetics both in literature and musicology. Moreover, its influence on society and the emergence of national identity cannot be overstated. Due to this monumental, sacrosanct nature, „Bogurodzica” has become an exhibit in the museum of medieval imagery. However, a song, even one which remains a symbol of the past, is always subject to revision during its performance. Thanks to its musical interpretation and reinterpretation, „Bogurodzica” can be read anew and made relevant, while those interpretations reveal hidden discourses. The following article aims at analyzing selected contemporary performances of the literary and musical relic, ruminating on its role in contemporary popular culture and the perception of the Middle Ages suggested by those performances.

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Refleksy kultu św. Jana z Kęt w okresie przedbeatyfikacyjnym w materialnej spuściźnie ks. Grzegorza Jana Zdziewojskiego z Łasku (na marginesie jubileuszu 250‑rocznicy kanonizacji Świętego)

Author(s): Jan Rodak / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

St. John Cantius is the primary patron saint of Poland. Due to his status as a professor in Alma Mater, he is particularly popular among the academic society, which popularized his worship across the centuries and contributed summa summarum to his canonization. The road of John Cantius in super Apotheosim was, however, long and full of dramatic twists and turns. It took a lot of effort on the part of many people to bring the canonical process to fruition. One of the people who made significant contribution to the popularization of John Cantius in the pre‑beatification stage (before 1676) was Rev. Grzegorz Jan Zdziewojski of Łask, a man whose commitment and sacrifices for the cause of John Cantius have been for centuries disregarded by the source texts and other studies. Thus, it seems prudent to use the 250th anniversary of the canonization of John Cantius (1767–2017) as a good occasion to redress the disservice done to this unjustly forgotten preacher, poet and bibliophile of Łask. The aim of the following paper is to bring the first poet of the Łask and Sieradz area back from the oblivion of history, who should be also regarded as an apostle of mercy and a martyr as well as the forefather of the regional movement in the literature of Polish Baroque.

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Mówię i nauczam stąd – lokalność w (polonistycznej) praktyce glottodydaktycznej

Author(s): Piotr Garncarek / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article is devoted to theoretical discourse, which more or less directly concerns the issue of locality in the process of teaching Polish as a foreign language. The indications derive from ethnographic or anthropological research, less frequently from linguistics. Locality, which is more and more visible in Polish glottodidactics, can be seen as a new methodological approach and a new “fashionable” way of teaching. This multifaceted issue is seen and analysed by many researchers. It can be read through local lexical resources, the subject matter of the content published in textbooks and numerous supplementary materials, and even local self-identification of the authors. It is worth considering whether locality can be considered a new domain that has appeared, not abruptly, in Polish language teaching. And if so, whether or not it is an interdisciplinary domain, for many reasons quite significantly transcending the classically understood glottodidactic process.

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Stolica (nie)znana. Warszawa i koncepcje rozwoju miast w nauczaniu języka polskiego i kultury polskiej cudzoziemców

Author(s): Barbara Łukaszewicz / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The text aims to presents a didactic proposal allowing foreigners learning Polish to broaden their knowledge about Warsaw and simultaneously develop language and cultural competences. It recommends using selected concepts of urban development in Polish language classes and referring them to the issues concerning Warsaw. The following ideas have been presented: smart city, 15-minute city, green city, city for people and creative city. The author has also indicated the possibilities for discovering Warsaw referring to the subject of the above-mentioned concepts of urban development such as: facilities for the inhabitants, opportunities for self-development, cultural activities, recreational grounds or areas inhabited by many people. Individual and group work techniques were chosen to help improve intercultural competence and build autonomy in the process of learning about foreign culture, such as group discussion, comparing Warsaw to other cities or individual answers to the questions asked by the teacher. So far, no coursebook whose main cultural goal would be to bring Warsaw closer to foreigners has been developed and the topics related to the capital of Poland are relatively rare in glottodidactic materials. Therefore, there is a need to indicate didactic solutions helpful in spreading knowledge about the capital of Poland and to encourage foreigners to search independently for answers to questions related to its culture, history and development.

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Ołowiana superbohaterka. Regionalna charakterystyka w glottodydaktyce polonistycznej – wokół powieści "Doktórka od familoków" Magdaleny Majcher

Author(s): Tomasz Gęsina / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

In classes of Polish as a foreign language, a teacher introduces various cultural and language content. This content should not focus solely on Poland because the country is regionally diverse. It is worth familiarizing students with the elements of local knowledge appropriate for the place where the student has decided to live and study. The article analyses a book written by Magdalena Majcher "Doktórka od familoków", set in Katowice. Its main character is Jolanta Wadowska-Król, a doctor who strived to help children suffering from lead poisoning. The text presents the author’s concept of the written form, which is the description of the main character with elements of regional knowledge. Its practical implementation was presented on the example of Jolanta Wadowska-Król described in the book. The article proposes to conduct a series of classes devoted to individual components of the characteristics with particular emphasis on regional knowledge. The classes aim to describe the figure of the Silesian superheroine and introduce the industrial history of the region.

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Brzmienie miejsca. Lokalne konteksty muzyczne w nauczaniu języka polskiego jako obcego i kultury polskiej jako obcej

Author(s): Tomasz Wegner / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

For several years, the author has been wondering how to include topics related to music and music itself in teaching Polish and Polish culture effectively and in accordance with the principles of methodology, maintaining a balance between the transmission of content relevant to the understanding of Polish culture and stimulating the interest of the learners. The article is a continuation of this research and reflections. The text asks whether the relationship between music and a given place matters in teaching Polish and Polish culture. The review of the latest texts on glottodidactics and author’s own experience allow to confirm that it is worth recalling topics related to local music as part of Polish language classes. Locality helps to acclimatize the space, build various connotations, establish ties with the region. The author, continuing his research, firstly, aims to identify more precisely to what extent local musical themes are already present in glottodidactics, and secondly, to encourage the exchange of experiences and mapping of phenomena and topics worth highlighting in glottodidactics outside the region of origin. The article is in part an invitation to participate in a study that will help to make such mapping.

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„Szpyciowe godanie” na lektoracie języka polskiego jako obcego dla grup zaawansowanych

Author(s): Anna Roter-Bourkane / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The text describes a didactic experience – the classes on Poznań local dialect for the advanced students of Polish language. The classes introduced characteristic features of Poznań dialect, shown on the example of Julian Tuwim’s poem “Glasses”. Introducing female students to dialect resulted in conclusions much broader than just linguistic ones – it turned out that the language was completely unknown to them. They were not aware of its existence, mainly because they do not maintain contact with the older generation of the city’s residents, who frequently use dialect in spoken language. From the didactic point of view it is worth pointing out that students knew some dialect expressions, but considered them used nationwide. This proves that Poznań dialect is a living language in the city and enters the language used by foreigners living in it.

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Modele lokalności w regionalnych materiałach glottodydaktycznych

Author(s): Patrycja Kownacka / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article presents ways of using locality in regional supplementary glottodidactic materials for foreigners learning Polish at different levels. The analyses of the glottodidactic materials done by the author resulted from the lack of holistic research in Polish glottodidactics, indicating a variety of locality models and drawing attention to repeatability of schemes. The research used a method of mainly qualitative material analysis. The content of the materials was checked for the presence of local elements in different subject areas. On the basis of the main thematic fields in the glottodidactic materials distinguished by the author, a definition of locality models was provided. The publication was classified within twelve models. The dominance of regional publications, presenting the model of cultural, linguistic-cultural and folklore-cultural locality, was proved. The author also pointed to using locality as the context for improving different language skills in exam preparation. The text ca be described into the broader context of research on the borderline of applied linguistics and cultural studies. It shows a close relationship between language teaching and local culture (often identified with regional culture).

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Lokalność w wybranych krakowskich podręcznikach do nauczania języka polskiego jako obcego

Author(s): Marzena Wawrzeń / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article aims to research locality in contemporary Cracow textbooks for teaching Polish as a foreign language. The problem of locality and its influence on creating the image of Polish culture from the national perspective has been already discussed in Polish language glottodidactics. The researchers working on this subject drew attention to the dominant position of the Cracow centre on the publishing market in the 1990s and the 2000s, which established Cracow as the most important city due to the phenomenon of local centrism, which was clear in older didactic materials. The reason for taking up the subject of locality in contemporary textbooks of Cracow authors is a need to check whether newer studies are characterized by other trends, for example, greater versality, presenting local issues from the perspective of national culture or showing Polish “internal multiculturalism”. The subject of analysis are the tasks and exercises in which “local Cracow lexis” is present. The study included seven textbooks published after 2010. The analysis of cultural content included in these publications allows to search for answers to questions about the role of local issues in newer didactic materials. The research is part of the field of glotto-cultural studies, which analyse textbooks and other didactic materials.

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Uwarunkowania leksyki lokalnej w materiałach do nauki języka polskiego (na przykładzie "Gramatyki z kulturą. Przez przypadki")

Author(s): Bartłomiej Maliszewski / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article discusses the aspects of knowledge concerning Poland in the exercise book: "Grammar with Culture. Cases" ("Gramatyka z kulturą. Przez przypadki"). The analysis is based on two key questions: what cities and regions of Poland (and their tourist attractions) are included in this publication and what are the criteria for selecting particular content. Several factors in their selection have been distinguished: variety (different cities and regions), hierarchy (presented toponyms are of unequal frequency), ethnocentrism (the authors often promote their own regions), positivity (an idealised image of Poland is promoted), pattern (the cultural content is reproduced in various glottodidactic publications), realism (it is vital to make the texts seem authentic), and functionalism (the cultural content are designed to teach specific grammatical-lexical structures, the scope of which also affects the selection of topics discussed). The given list of criteria can be modified and its components may be prioritised, but, without doubt, even at lower levels of teaching it is worth linking the development of linguistic competence with the promotion of culture, ensuring that elements of local geography and culture are part of various exercises.

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Lokalność i uniwersalność w publikacji "Truchcikiem z Kopernikiem. Językowe przebieżki po uniwersytecie"

Author(s): Anna Gleb-Giedrys,Monika Goszczyńska,Emilia Kubicka / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The publication "Truchcikiem z Kopernikiem. Językowe przebieżki po uniwersytecie" aims to integrate foreigners with Polish academic environment through exercises and tasks that allow to learn university jargon. The reality of Polish universities (e.g. university and faculty administration, the organisation of the academic year, addressing the lecturers, the types of classes, registering for classes, USOS, Moodle, student festivals, halls of residence) is shown on the example of Nicolas Copernicus University, whereas nationwide issues (obtaining a PESEL number, NHS insurance, outpatient registration, rubbish segregation, public transport, recorded and international deliveries) are discusses on the example of the city of Toruń. An additional cultural element, which is vital for foreign students, is the figure of Nicolas Copernicus shown not only as a scientist (astronomer), but also as a student, founder of villages and towns in Warmia region, or a doctor. An important element of the publication, which makes it more attractive, are the original illustrations showing the university buildings and the pictures of Copernicus in various situations of student life. The materials are intended for users with different language skills (every exercise is denoted with the difficulty level). Although the publication is strongly embedded in the locality of a particular university, it contains more general and universal elements. Therefore, it can be used in educating future students (e.g. in preperatory courses) at other Polish universities.

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Przejawy tożsamości regionalnej i lokalnej społeczności województwa lubuskiego w materiałach dydaktycznych do nauczania języka polskiego jako obcego i pracach cudzoziemców

Author(s): Iwona Pałucka-Czerniak / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article discusses the issue of introducing knowledge about Polish culture and lexis related to Poland into teaching Polish as a foreign and second language. It is recognized that language is a cultural asset, a socio-national heritage, and a means of communication, therefore, along with teaching Polish as a foreign language, the image of a communicative Polish national community is also conveyed. It is usually presented monocentrically, and the specificity of the Lubuskie region is marginalized in most nationwide course materials. Despite the idea of universality of the message, they contain a lot of regional content – regionalisms – or the content allowing for glocalization. Not only is the presentation of Lubuskie poor – the simplification leads to falsehood. The analysed works of foreigners – students of courses at the University of Zielona Góra – show identical mechanisms of action. They are characterized by monocentrism (expressed in the focus on Zielona Góra), valorisation and promotion of the city (absence of rural areas) and the region, as well as poorly defined boundaries of local space. Introducing content about the Lubuskie region into teaching materials may create a natural impulse to cross the borders of locality. Knowledge about it may lead to internationality through cross-border nature.

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Wirtualny spacer po Olsztynie. Wykorzystanie materiałów online w prezentowaniu elementów kultury oraz historii Warmii i Mazur uczącym się języka polskiego jako obcego

Author(s): Maria Rółkowska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article aims to present illustrative materials, accessible online, on the history and culture of Olsztyn, the capital of the Warmia-Masuria Province, as such a subject is not present in textbooks for learning Polish as a foreign language. The quantitative analysis of the internet sources allowed to select open-access, free, content-rich materials on the city’s prominent figures, monuments, museums and other places of interest. The diverse content of the materials, as well their varied forms (articles and web pages, blogs, programmes, films and photographs) can make classes for the learners of Polish as a foreign language more attractive.The presented online sources are authentic materials, which can be used to practice all language skills (depending on the teacher’s invention and students’ needs): reading, writing, listening, speaking. The article concerns Polish language glottodidactics and regionalism, but is also connected with intercultural communication and media studies.

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Szczecin (nie)obecny w materiałach do nauczania języka polskiego jako obcego – sposoby wykorzystywania tekstów regionalnych w nauczaniu cudzoziemców

Author(s): Magdalena Kobus,Anna Szyntor-Bykowska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article discusses the presence and the methods of showing Szczecin in coursebooks for teaching Polish as a foreign language at the elementary level. We have chosen this subject because, as experienced teachers, we see that Szczecin and its historical and cultural heritage is on the margins of glottodidactics. The theoretical part presents the state of research on regionalism in Polish language glottodidactics. We provide an overview of five selected coursebooks for teaching Polish as a foreign language ("Hurra po polsku 1", "Start 1", "Polski krok po kroku", "Polski jest cool", "Po polsku po Polsce") on the basis of how the capital of West Pomerania is presented in them. We subsequently focus on presenting interesting and important historical and cultural places on the map of Szczecin. We describe didactic ideas for using these materials in Polish classes. Having analysed selected coursebooks, we come to the conclusion that the oeconym Szczecin is mainly used when the map of Poland is shown. Because of such small presence of Szczecin in coursebooks, lecturers have to use their own ideas and the materials not intended for teaching Polish as a foreign language. We consider the works of R. Czejarek, M. Łuczak, A. Kraśnicki jr and A. Malejka valued and worth knowing. We also present didactic opportunities offered by Szczecin Museums (Muzeum Przełomy) and historical tourist attractions (Szczecin Underground Route).

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