Uzus a praktyka leksykograficzna (na przykładzie czasownika dedykować we współczesnej polszczyźnie)

Author(s): Monika Biesaga / Language(s): Polish Issue: 51/2016

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the contemporary usage of the Polish verb dedykować (to dedicate) and its participle dedykowany (dedicated). Dur­ing last few years under the influence of English semantics and pragmatics this verb became one of the most popular words in the Polish marketing and IT jargon. The data provided by the National Corpus of Polish enables to state that the contemporary usage of the verb differs significantly from the semantic description published in the dictionaries of Polish. Therefore the scope of this paper is to promote the corpus driven approach to the lexicography. Since the new meaning of the analyzed verb is an English borrowing the paper deals also with the problem of adjusting English morphological patterns to the rules of Slavic verbal inflexion. As it can be observed in the text this grammatical divergence leads in the case of new borrowings to the widely diversified and unstable language usage.

Fraz. zbić z pantałyku ‘stropić kogo, pozbawić pewności siebie’

Author(s): Grażyna Rytter / Language(s): Polish Issue: 51/2016

The article concerns the East-­Slavic linguistic influence on Polish in the second half of the nineteenh century as exemplified by the meaning of the phrase zbić z pantałyku. Today’s meaning of the phrase is associated with another phraseologism zbić z tropu ‘to throw [lit. knock] off trace,’ which originates from the hunting jargon. *Pantałyk as a separate word is not (and never has been) used in general Polish, and the comprehensibility of the whole phrase is the result of the sum of its components. East Slavic counterparts of the phrase are attested from the mid­nineteenth century. In the Polish of the period, zbić z pantałyku had a colloquial status, and its usefulness in the sphere of everyday communication was a manifestation of economy of imaginary rather than conceptual means of expression. Especially in the conditions of widespread bilingualism, the new phrase could easily be recognized against the background of contemporary usage of near­synonymous colloquial phrases derived from the verb zbić ‘to beat’ but also ‘to knock off.’ The greater frequency of zbić z pantałyku in the Polish of south­eastern borderlands resulted from a combination of factors, mainly the blurred boundaries between literary and dialectal (folk) phraseology.

Wpływy polskie w jidysz według History of the Yiddish Language Maxa Weinreicha – przegląd i próby weryfikacji

Author(s): Michał Gajek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 51/2016

The Article concentrates on the findings regarding Slavic influence on Yiddish, described in the newest English-language edition of Max Weinreich’s History of the Yiddish Language – a canonical title for modern Yiddish studies. Its first task is to acquaint Polish readers with M. Weinreich’s propositions and findings on the general character of Polish-Yiddish and Slavic-Yiddish language contact. This will also be taken as an opportunity to briefly review the research on this subject conducted by Polish scholars. Additionally, the article will elaborate (albeit not exhaustively) on the attempts to question and verify M. Weinreich’s theories which may prove interesting from the point of view of Slavic studies. Its second, equally important task is to describe chosen examples of the results of Slavic influence, in which Polish played a significant role, as they present themselves in the lexicon, morphology, word formation and syntax of Yiddish.

Języki słowiańskie i litewski w korpusach równoległych Clarin-PL

Author(s): Violetta Koseska-Toszewa,Roman Roszko / Language(s): Polish Issue: 51/2016

The Clarin Eric and Clarin-PL strategic scientific purpose is to support humanistic research in a multicultural and multilingual Europe. Polish researchers put the emphasis on building a bridge between the Polish language and Polish linguistic technologies and other European languages and their linguistic technologies. So far, the Polish scientific community has mainly focused on Polish-English connections. Clarin-PL has been developing the first and only multilingual corpora of the Polish language in conjunction with other Slavic languages and the Lithuanian language: the Polish-Bulgarian-Russian Parallel Corpus and the Polish- Lithuanian Parallel Corpus. The parallel corpora created by the ISS PAS Corpus Linguistics and Semantics Team break through the existing “canons” and allow scientists access to interlinked multilingual language resources – in the first phase limited to the languages of the three Slavic groups and the Lithuanian language. In the article, the authors present very detailed information on their original system of the semantic annotation of scope quantification in multilingual parallel corpora, hitherto unused in the subject literature. Due to the system’s originality, the semantic annotation is carried out manually. Identification of particular values of scope quantification in a sentence and the hereby presented attempts of its recording are supported by long-term research conducted by an international team of linguists and computer scientists / mathematicians developing the issue of quantification of names, time and aspect in natural languages.

Międzynarodowa konferencja naukowa Мови Європи в стані оновлення (Kijów, 20–21 kwietnia 2016)

Author(s): Jakub Lubomir Banasiak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 51/2016

The article is a report from an international scientific conference, organised on 20–21 April 2016 in Kiev by the Institute of the Ukrainian Language, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The conference, entitled Мови Європи в стані оновлення, was devoted to innovations in European languages, including especially the Slavic languages.

Język odziedziczony – polszczyzna pokoleń polonijnych

Author(s): Ewa Lipińska,Anna Seretny / Language(s): Polish Issue: 10/2016

The term heritage language has been functioning in the relevant world literature since the late 1990s. It began to be used in Polish publications somewhat later gradually gaining acceptance in the circles of researchers, teachers and users. Its popularity ensures its broad application in various subdisciplines of linguistics – it is used not only by language educationalists, but also psycho-, ethno-, and sociolinguists. This study outlines the specificity of the notion of heritage language with particular focus on its significance in ethnic education and usefulness when differentiating between natural and cognitive bilingualism, and describing linguistic competences of users, which are largely determined by being part of a given generation of the Polish community abroad.

Konstytucja

Author(s): Stanisław Dubisz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 09/2016

Gabriela Olchowa, Mieczysław Balowski (eds), Języki słowiańskie w procesie przemian, Banská Bystrica 2015

Author(s): Monika Biesaga / Language(s): Polish Issue: 10/2016

Doktor Krystyna Długosz-Kurczabowa

Author(s): Stanisław Dubisz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 10/2016

Spotkanie tradycji ze współczesnością w Psalmach króla Dawida w przekładzie Bohdana Drozdowskiego

Author(s): Danuta Kowalska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 01/2017

The aim of this paper is to analyse the phraseological layer of the poetic paraphrase of The Psalter in Bohdan Drozdowski’s translation. Published in 2008, King David’s Psalms are an interesting example of dynamic equivalence in the area of translation. They also make an attempt at finding, at the level of the system of the Polish language, specifi c syntactic, semantic and stylistic equivalents of the same values as the original Hebrew text. The purpose of the conducted analyses is to answer the question whether, and to what extent, Bohdan Drozdowski retains the layer of traditional phrases, which are associated with the Psalter style. To what extent his poetic paraphrase breaks with the Polish tradition of translation, which has been developing since the Middle Ages, and to what extent it has remained faithful to it. In Bohdan Drozdowski’s paraphrase, traditional biblical phrases are intermingled with Polish idioms that are abundant with marked colloquial lexis and expressive formations, which permits the conclusion that although the poet wanted to modernise Psalms and adapt them to the mentality and sensitivity of the modern reader, he did so while protecting the layer of traditional phrases. This layer, although slightly depleted in comparison to traditional translations, is noticeable and penetrates deep into the text of the translation, becoming, so to speak, a basis for the innovative ideas of the translator. This intended coexistence of lexical and phraseological layers that are so stylistically and genetically varied is a characteristic feature of the paraphrase in question. In this multitude of voices, the voice of many epochs can be heard, which seems to be emphasised by the timeless character of the Psalter, visible in the Polish language since the mediaeval times. This means that Bohdan Drozdowski’s paraphrase links, as it were, the old times and the modern times and becomes a meeting place of the tradition and the present day.

O broni i borykaniu się

Author(s): Agnieszka Piela / Language(s): Polish Issue: 01/2017

Warsztaty dialektologiczne i konferencja „Dialog pokoleń”, Augustów, 1–6 sierpnia 2016 r.

Author(s): Maria Asman / Language(s): Polish Issue: 01/2017

A Conference Report

Старите български занаяти – в търсене на чешки преводни еквиваленти

Author(s): Mariya Rakova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

The aim of this paper is to analyse the translation procedures, which were used in the translating of Radichkov’s novel Страх and Chajtov’s short story Когато светът си съ- буваше потурите into Czech language. The main difficulty which the translator faced was how to transfer the dialect lexemes. In translatology it is not recommended to substitute one dialect for another, so these elements must be compensated by another means of expression which transfers the functions of the dialect lexemes.

On gender awareness in German, Russian, and Polish

Author(s): Dennis Scheller-Boltz / Language(s): English Issue: 148/2014

The aim of the article is to answer the question concerning grammatical gender and language equivalency in translation. There are various established ways of expressing gender variety in the German language, and even examples of experiments with gender-neutral or non-gender forms. In the Russian language, however, masculine forms are most frequent. In the Polish language one may observe a discussion on the possibility of creating feminine forms, which could replace the masculine ones. The author considers the tendency to use neutral or non-gender noun forms development in the German language and compares them to Polish and Russian. Since the usage of nouns naming persons is usually socially and culturally determined, the author tries to show how translation studies and practice can benefit from such an approach.

Най-старата история на славяните в ранните трудове на Павел Йозеф Шафарик

Author(s): Peter Podolan / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5-6/2015

The article presents the historical elements in the early works of the Slovak Paul Joseph Šafarik, well known for his Slavic studies. It starts with the educational background of the scientist, based on classical philology and literature and the influences he experienced in his youth, and then evaluates his first poetical attempts. The main analysis is centred on the first scientific work of Šafarik on Slavic literature, published in 1826 with special emphasis on its historical part.

Czechoznawstwo polskie – charakter i sens jednego kierunku badawczego

Author(s): Jaroslav Pánek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2017

The position of Poland and Czechia in contemporary Europe, their mutual relations and significance of the areal studies in Central Europe. Czech Lands in comparative history of Central European macroregion in European and American historiographies, and a special position of the Polish research attitude. The asymmetry of the Polish studies in Czechia and the Czech studies in Poland. Scholars, essayists, and churchmen in the capacity of interpreters of the Czech issues. The national heterostereotypes in an interdiciplinary research and their role in social relations.

Bergerová, Hana; Vaňková, Lenka et al. 2015. Lexikalische Ausdrucksmittel der Emotionalität im Deutschen und Tschechischen

Author(s): Anita Pavić Pintarić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2017

This is a bok review of: Bergerová, Hana; Vaňková, Lenka et al. 2015. Lexikalische Ausdrucksmittel der Emotionalität im Deutschen und Tschechischen

За синкретизма в парадигмата на българския глагол и българо-чешката езикова асиметрия. Част ІІ.

Author(s): Stiliyan Stoychev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2017

The article reviews certain instances of syncretism in the paradigm of the Bulgarian verb, characteristic of analytical forms such as носил/гледал съм/си/(е)/… и носел/гледал съм/ си/(е)/…. The focus falls on Czech-Bulgarian asymmetries in the area of such verb forms established on the basis of contrastive analysis of the Bulgarian forms and their functional equivalents in Czech. An algorithm is proposed for the the optimal translation of such Bulgarian forms into Czech.

Prosta mowa w tekstach o charakterze religijnym XVIII wieku (Czyn jerejskogo nastawljenija, Poczajów 1776)

Author(s): Joanna Getka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 64/2017

“Prosta mova” – colloquial language of population of the eastern lands of the former Republic of Poland only occasionally appears in the printed texts in the eighteenth century. It is especially rare in texts of religious nature. In this regard, Basilian typography is an exception. “Prosta mova”as the language of printing, can be seen in texts and fragments of prints published by definition in other languages. This type of text is the subject of the analysis set out in this article. Numerous features of a living language that are visible at the level of phonetics and vocabulary are reflected in the analyzed Чинъ Іерейскаго наставленїя. Analysis of these features brings to the conclusion that the dominant element in the text, is the Ukrainian dialect. Of course, due to the different articulation of selected graphemes on the Belarusian and Ukrainian-speaking territories(eg. grapheme ѣ) editors left the pronunciation to the decision of their readers in accordance with the local tradition.

Лексика угорського походження та її тлумачення в історичних словниках української мови

Author(s): Elizabeth Baranye / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2013

The paper based on the work by E. Timchenko “Materials for the dictionary of 15th–18th-century southern Russian written language” represents some words that are similar in pronunciation and meaning in Hungarian and Ukrainian, showing the relationship between these lexical elements, and setting their etymologies