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The futility of self-rating during periods of economic upheaval

Author(s): James McMahon / Language(s): English Issue: 13/2008

This article was written during a time of economic upheaval, which usually meant during times when many countries were negatively effected by results generated from the United States of America. The history of the concept of self in the West was surveyed, with specific emphasis then added for self within existential and humanistic psychology. The currency of the concept was then visited within the theory of Albert Ellis in both the thin and broad senses. Implications and antidotes for self-rating were then discussed. A sidelong glance was then paid to relationship ontology

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Authentic classroom assessment experiences for preservice teachers

Author(s): Zsuzsanna Szabo,Reid Bailey / Language(s): English Issue: 13/2008

This National Science Foundation supported project (initiated by colleges of Education and Engineering at a Southwestern university) provided pedagogical improvements in engineering education, and offered preservice teachers authentic classroom assessment experience. Preservice teachers enrolled in a semester-long assessment course observed a first-year introductory engineering course and conducted an assessment of engineering students’ learning using an analytic rubric. At the completion of the semester, the preservice teachers reflected on their authentic learning experience, and suggested pedagogical changes in engineering students’ instruction. Presented are the results of the joint initiative as well as the implications for offering authentic learning and assessment experiences to preservice teachers during their teacher preparation program.

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Emoţii şi cogniţii la violatori

Author(s): Alina Ramona Decsei-Radu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 13/2008

The present article tries to point out in a comprehensive manner mainly the results of the researches related to the way rapists tend to think and feel. There are also included typologies, myths, cognitive distortions, attitudes and factors implied in the phenomena.

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Implicaţii ale atribuirilor cauzale în cazul pacienţilor diagnosticaţi cu cancer

Author(s): Mihai Marian,Florin Badale / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 13/2008

Causal-attributions focuses on the human need to understand, give meaning to, and ascribe causation to unexpected and unfortunate life events. Cancer is a stressful event that affects not only interpersonal relationships, but the ways to explain and experience life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the causal attributions for different type of cancer and their implications in the subsequent psychological and psychopathological manifestations related to cancer. At this study participate a sample of 120 patients with different type of cancer, aged between 36 to 70 years old. The following instruments were used: Beck Depression Inventory, Attributional Style Questionnaire, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Current Thoughts Scale, Satisfaction With Life Scale. The study contributes to the expansion and application of learned helplesness theory in psycho-oncology and, in addition, underline psychopathological mechanisms that occurs during the disease.

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Reprezentarea bolii şi mecanisme de coping la bolnavii diagnosticaţi cu cancer

Author(s): Tatiana Buianina / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 13/2008

According to Leventhal, the disease’s perception and coping strategy have an essential role in psychological adaptation through illness. Changing the negative perception of disease can be important in functionality and wellbeing improvement. In this article we propose to examine the role of perception in the process of coping mechanism choosing and its influence on emotional state of cancer diagnosed patients.

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Poredbenost perspektiva

Author(s): Slavko Amulić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 02/106/2007

This work questions the possibility of comparing the insights of eastern mysticism and modern physical science in a way of Fritjof Capra and also tries to present the problems of stating the methods of once distant cultures as relevant factors in our daily practice. While arguing for such comparison we face a lot of questions: are mysticism and modern physical science on different levels of reality; is there any sense in considering these levels “restricted”; are mysticism and modern physical science operating inside separated realms of reality with non-existent trans-level concepts and relations; – these being only a few questions opened by this perspectival comparison. In the last case, for example, if two realms of reality exist, one is opened to symbolic consciousness and linguistically expressible, and the other one is opened to non-symbolic consciousness and linguistically non-expressible. Though this Capra’s approach is in many aspects obscure and questionable in substantive level, it, however, on methodological level completely fits into orientational frame of bioethics as multi-perspectival area.

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Provjera metrijskih karakteristika skale transcendentalne budućnosti kao vremenske perspektive

Author(s): Selman Repišti / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2014

The temporal perspective paradigm is a new approach, based on a unique combination of conceptions of time in the field of psychology, anthropology and sociology. It is postulated that each person can interpret his/her experience and behave in accordance with six temporal styles: past positive, past negative, present hedonistic, present fatalistic, and future transcendental. Since the last time perspective has not been explored enough, in this paper factor validity of its operationalization is examined (Transcendental-Future Time Perspective Scale - TFTPS). The second objective of this paper is to investigate correlations between TFTPS results and general life satisfaction, openness to experience and subjective assessment of religiosity. A convenient sample of 178 participants, from 18 to 59 years old has been collected. The following instruments were used: TFTPS, an item for assessment of general life satisfaction, an item for subjective assessment of religiosity, and a group of International Personality Item Pool (IPIP) statements related to the measurement of openness to experience. The instruments have been applied through one of the online servers, which is usually used for this purpose. Results indicate a relatively satisfactory construct validity of TFTPS, with certain modifications suggested for its content. Results on the Transcendental-Future Time Perspective Scale are not statistically significant correlated with life satisfaction or positive version of openness to experience (intellect/imagination), but were statistically significant correlated with the negative version of openness to experience (conventionality/conservatism) and subjective assessment of religiosity. At the end of the paper, the following has been discussed: advantages and disadvantages of the present research, possibilities for improving the quality of TFTPS and further steps in the scientific approach to this field.

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Samopomoć kao kulturalni fenomen: kontekstualni aspekti nastanka i razvoja knjiga za samopomoć i psihoterapijskog diskurza

Author(s): Iva Žurić Jakovina / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2014

This paper analyses the concept of self-help as a cultural phenomenon. It is studied through self-help books as texts that give advices for almost every aspects of life. Considering there is a hiperproduction and proliferation of the self-help discourse, not just in literature but also through institutions, this paper analyses conditions that enabled birth and development of such a specific outlook on life. This paper demonstrates the ways in which the tradition of American Protestantism from the late 15th and in the 16th and 17th centuries laid the foundations of the culture of self-help. It examines the extent to which work, persistence and dedication to God corresponded to the impending ethics of self-reflection and perseverance. Examples show ways in which the institutionalization of psychological discourse and cultural practices in the 20th century participated in the promotion of popular psychology in everyday life which resulted in the establishment of psychotherapeutic discourse. However, there is a paradoxical situation - on the one hand such texts are sold in very large numbers of copies, while on the other hand there is no expert analysis of the ways in which self-help books find their place in society by shaping the perception of reality. Therefore, this paper aims to draw attention to this ubiquitous cultural phenomenon.

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Psycho-educational intervention for adolescents

Author(s): Tija Kriščiūnaitė,Roy Max Kern / Language(s): English Issue: 14/2014

Background. Adolescence is considered as a period of difficulties and chal¬lenges. It is the period of life of many changes. It may cause stress for adolescents, which in turn may have negative impact on adolescent’s mental health and wellbeing. Psycho-educational groups for adolescents are one of the common interven¬tions to help them to cope and gain necessary life skills. Various psycho-educational group interventions and life skills programs have been developed and used to assist adolescents to cope with the challenges of life. The authors of the programs claim that they are creating new content to address the needs of youth. However, upon closer examination there are many similarities related to the constructs and inter¬ventions proposed many years ago by Alfred Adler and his followers. The aim of this article was to compare theoretical principles of Individual Psychology with the con¬structs proposed by various psycho-educational programs for adolescents but with a more intense focus on the now popular Lerner’s Positive Youth Development model. Method. A literature review was conducted to explore the similarities of the principles of Individual Psychology and contemporary psycho-educational interventions. Results and conclusions. the conclusions of analysis of the review of literature indicated that a number of the theoretical constructs of the Lerner’s Positive Youth Development model and other psycho-educational programs have been proposed many years ago by Adler and his followers. Examples of psycho-educational programs based on the principles of Individual Psychology were also reviewed. The authors propose that the theory of Individual Psychology may serve as a viable theory base for adolescent in¬tervention programs that lack a theoretical base. It is also proposed that regardless of interventions studies need to be conducted to support the efficacy of the models. Įvadas. Paauglystė dažnai yra siejama su įvairiais iššūkiais ir sunkumais. Tai laikotarpis, kuomet paaugliai susiduria su įvairiais pokyčiais, kurie sukelia stresą, o tai gali neigiamai paveikti jų psichinę sveikatą ir gerovę. Psichoedukacinės grupės paaugliams yra vienas iš būdų, galinčių padėti įveikti su pokyčiais susijusius sunkumus ir įgyti gyvenimo įgūdžių. Egzistuoja daugybė įvairių gyvenimo įgūdžių ugdymo programų, skirtų padėti paaugliams įveikti kylančius gyvenimo iššūkius. Šių programų kūrėjai tvirtina, kad jos yra paremtos naujais ir šiuolaikiškais metodais, atitinkančiais paauglių poreikius. Tačiau pažvelgus atidžiau galima pastebėti daugybę panašumų, susijusių su Individualiosios Psichologijos konstruktais, kurie A. Adlerio teorijoje egzistavo jau prieš daugelį metų. Tyrimo tikslas. Šios literatūros apžvalgos tikslas yra palyginti Individualiosios Psichologijos principus su daugelyje psichoedukacinėse programose paaugliams naudojamais konstruktais, skiriant ypatingą dėmesį šiandien vis populiarėjančiam Lernerio pozityvios jaunimo raidos modeliui.

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Dvyliktasis tarptautinis simpoziumas „Aktualūs tyrimai psichologijoje: tarptautinė patirtis“

Author(s): Information Informacija / Language(s): English Issue: 14/2014

Vytauto Didžiojo universiteto Teorinės psichologijos ir Bendrosios psichologijos katedros kartu su ilgamečiu partneriu Nebraskos Kearney universitetu (JAV) tęsia tra¬dicija tampančių vaizdo konferencijų, skirtų psichologijos studentų darbams pristatyti, seriją. 2013 m. gruodžio 11 d. įvyko dvyliktoji tarptautinė vaizdo konferencija – Tarp¬tautinis simpoziumas „Aktualūs tyrimai psichologijoje: tarptautinė patirtis“. Šioje kon¬ferencijoje pranešimus skaitė Vytauto Didžiojo universiteto, Nebraskos Kearney uni¬versiteto ir Black Hills State universiteto (Spearfish, Pietų Dakota) (JAV) psichologijos bakalauro studijų absolventai, magistro studijų programų studentai ir doktorantai.

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Laiko stoka, socialinio darbo stresoriai ir kraujo spaudimas septynių IT darbuotojų komandos intensyvaus darbo savaitės laikotarpiu

Author(s): Achim Elfering ,Maria Undine Kottwitz,Maurice Lachappelle / Language(s): English Issue: 14/2014

Background. In the field of information technology (IT) time pressure is common. Working with tight deadlines together on the same task increases the risk of social stressors referring to tensions and conflicts at work. Purpose. This field study tested both the association of time pressure and social stressors with blood pressure during work. Method. Seven employees – staff of a small IT enterprise – participated in repeated ambulatory blood pressure measurements over the course of one week. Time pressure and social stressors at work were assessed by questionnaire at the beginning of the study. Results. Multilevel regression analyses of 138 samples revealed higher levels of time pressure to be related to marginally significant increases in mean arterial blood pressure at noon and in the afternoon. In addition, higher levels of social stressors at work were significantly associated to elevated mean arterial pressure in the afternoon. Conclusion. Findings support the view that threats to the social self play an important role in occupational health. Įvadas. Informacinių technologijų (IT) srityje laiko stoka yra dažnas reiškinys. Atliekant terminuotas užduotis, kai darbą reikia atlikti griežtai per nustatytą trumpą laiką didėja socialinių stresorių rizika, tokia, kaip įtampa ir konfliktai darbe. Tikslas. Šiuo praktiniu tyrimu siekta nustatyti laiko stokos ir socialinių stresorių ryšį su kraujo spaudimu darbo metu. Metodas. Septyniems nedidelės IT įmonės darbuotojams savaitės laikotarpiu buvo matuojamas kraujo spaudimas. Laiko stoka ir socialiniai stresoriai buvo vertinami tyrimo pradžioje. Rezultatai. 138 atvejų daugialypė regresinė analizė atskleidė ryšį tarp aukštų laiko stokos rodiklių ir nežymiai padidėjusio kraujo spaudimo vidurdienį ir po pietų. Be to, aukšti socialinių stresorių darbe rodikliai siejosi su padidėjusiu kraujospūdžiu po pietų. Išvados. Tyrimo rezultatai patvirtina nuomonę, kad grėsmė socialiniam žmogaus aspektui vaidina svarbų vaidmenį profesinėje sveikatoje.

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Agnės Matulaitės daktaro disertacijos „Kai „tavo kūnas tiesiog išprotėja“: įkūnytas nėštumo patyrimas“ (socialiniai mokslai, psichologija 06s) recenzi

Author(s): Rūta Sargautytė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 14/2014

The author of the review appreciates much the courage and innovativeness to use the qualitative methodology in the study of embodied experience in women during pregnancy and the postpartum year. The biopsychosocial approach here is enriched with the cultural aspects which could be more elaborated, however. The detailed description of 6 women’s experience has been achieved by skillful application of the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. The bodily experience in pregnancy occurred to be dynamic, complex and firmly embedded in women’s life-world. Although the structure of the dissertation is not very traditional, it looks reasonable and matches the requirements of the method applied. The results of the research are valuable and promising. The study provides insights into the lived experience that may be useful in psychological theory and in practice when working with women at this important transitional life stage.

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Žvilgsnis į technologijų integraciją mokytojų rengimo programoje

Author(s): Peter Fadde,Phu Vu / Language(s): English Issue: 14/2014

Background and purpose. There is not a consensus on how teacher candi¬dates in teacher training programs are prepared to teach with technology. While the National Association of State Boards of Education (2012) held that the training of teachers “too often has not kept pace with advances in technology or new ways of learning” and that educators were not being prepared to use technology effectively in classroom, the American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education (2013) indi¬cated that almost all of the teacher candidates are well prepared to integrate techno¬logy into their instruction. Aim and method. This study took a snapshot of 83 teacher training programs in two states: Illinois and Nebraska to identify how their teacher training programs prepared their candidates to teach with technology. Mokslinė problema. Nėra galutinai aišku, kaip ketinantys tapti mokytojais formalaus mokymo metu turėtų būti ruošiami naudotis technologijomis. Nors Nacionalinė Valstijų Švietimo Tarybų Asociacija (2012) teigia, kad mokytojų rengimas „per dažnai nepataiko koja į koją su technologijų pažanga ar naujais mokymo metodais“ ir kad mokytojai nerengiami, kaip efektyviai galėtų panaudoti technologijas pamokose, tačiau Amerikos Mokytojų Švietimo Koledžų Asociacija (2013) deklaruoja, kad beveik visi būsimi mokytojai yra gerai pasirengę integruoti technologijas mokydami vaikus. Tikslas ir metodas. Šiame tyrime aptariamos 83 mokytojų rengimo programos dviejose JAV valstijose – Ilinojuje ir Nebraskoje, siekiant nustatyti, kaip mokytojų rengimo programose numatyta būsimus mokytojus mokyti integruoti technologijas į mokymo procesą.

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„Paauglio streso klausimyno“ lietuviškos versijos kai kurios psichometrinės charakteristikos

Author(s): Margarita Pileckaitė-Markovienė,Aistė Šiukštienė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 14/2014

Problema. Nors per pastaruosius keturis dešimtmečius daugėja tyrimų apie paauglių patiriamą stresą, Lietuvoje paauglių patiriamo streso tema yra dar mažai tyrinėta. Trūksta standartizuotų paauglių patiriamo streso vertinimo metodikų. Ty¬rimo tikslas – įvertinti „Paauglio streso klausimyno“ lietuviškosios versijos kai kuriuos psichometrinius rodiklius (patikimumą ir validumą). Metodai. Tyrime dalyvavo 286 15–17 metų paaugliai. Paauglių patiriamam stresui tirti naudotas „Paauglio streso klausimynas“ („Adolescent Stress Questionnaire“) (Byrne et al., 2007). Jo patikimu¬mas buvo tikrinamas taikant vidinio suderinamumo metodą, pakartotinį matavimą, o konstrukto validumas – taikant tiriančiąją faktorinę analizę. Rezultatai. Tyrimo metu buvo išskirta 11 faktorių, kurie savo turiniu panašūs į originalią australų klausimyno versijos faktorių struktūrą. Tyrimo rezultatai patvirtino vidutinį vidinį ir ganėtinai aukštą išorinį klausimyno patikimumą. Konstrukto validumo įrodymus pateikė tirian¬čioji faktorinė analizė. Atsižvelgiant į gautus rezultatus, reikėtų atlikti išsamesnius tyri¬mus dėl klausimyno validumo ir patikimumo patikrinimo. Background. Adolescence is very often named as period when physical, mental, emotional, cognitive and social changes happen, and these changes cause inner conflicts and stress. Considering fact that there was an obvious lack of adolescent stress evaluation methods in Lithuania, it was decided to conduct a research. Aim of this research was to evaluate some psychometric properties (i.e. reliability and validity) of Adolescent Stress Questionnaire, Lithuanian Version. Methodology. Adolescent Stress Questionnaire (Byrne et al., 2007) was used for the research. The questionnaire is made of 58 statements that describe various stressful situations. Participants were asked to evaluate as precise as possible, how strong was the stress they have suffered over the past year due to the mentioned issues and situations. The research included 286 15–17 year-old adolescents. 112 adolescents from general sample participated in test-retest research. Results. Results of the research confirmed quite high internal and external reliability of the questionnaire. Factor analysis delivered proofs of content validity. Out of 46 statements of the questionnaire 11 interdependently related factors were excluded that explain 62.57 percent of dispersion. Analysis of test-retest of questionnaire scales revealed sufficient stability of evaluation (p<0.01). Conclusion. Findings showed that Adolescent Stress Questionnaire was characterized by average internal reliability and sufficient structural validity. It is purposeful to proceed evaluation of this questionnaire’s eligibility, by checking its reliability and validity.

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Motinų ir kūdikių sąveikų ir motinų asmenybės savybių ryšys

Author(s): Danguolė Čekuolienė,Roma Jusienė,Raminta Vaiciukevičė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 14/2014

Background. A lot of studies emphasize the importance of early mother – infant relationships for further infant development, successful psychological and social functioning (Degnan, Henderson, Fox, Rubin, 2008). There are described many factors which explain quality of this relationship. However, there are not enough studies, that investigate relations between mothers’ personality traits, which are most stable construct describing personality, and mother – infant interactions. Aim of this study is to identify relations between variuos aspects of mother – infant interactions during play situation and mothers’ personality traits. Materials and methods. Participants were 26 mothers and their one and a half year old infants. Mothers’ personality traits were evaluated by NEO Five Factor Inventory (Costa, McCrae, 1999). Videotaped observation of mother – infant free play and structured joint task was used for exploration of mother – infant interactions. Four major dimensions of mother – infant interactions were analysed: (1) mother’s attention – directing strategies (Tomasello, 1992); (2) mother’s cooperation (Ainsworth, 1969); (3) maternal feedback (Lewis, 1993); (4) mothers’ emotional tone. Results. Several associations between mathers’ personality and dimensions of mother – infant interactions were found: mothers’ neuroticism was positively related to attention following strategy during free play and positive feedback during structured task. Mothers’ extraversion was positively related to infant’s attention switching strategy during free play. Higher extraversion was also related to less joyful and more irritable emotional tone during structured task. Mothers’ conscientiousness was negatively linked to mothers’ verbal cooperation and positive feedback during structured task. Mothers’ openness to experience was negatively related to mothers’ verbal interference during structured task and positively related to mothers’ joyful emotional tone during free play. The findings of this study allow to confirm assumptions that mothers’ individual personality traits are related to mother – infant interactions.

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Metakognityviniai komponentai mokymosi mokytis požiūriu

Author(s): Stéphanie Frenkel / Language(s): English Issue: 14/2014

Background. Numerous students are having school difficulties linked to the way they learn. Some people speak of a “metacognitive deficit”. We refer to a “sleeping po¬tential” instead. Be it psychologists, teachers or parents, all wish to develop their skills in order to help these students. This is the case in primary and secondary school. The EDUCA + project is intended to provide possible solutions. Purpose. The aim of this paper is to present a metacognitive and cognitive theory of learning to learn, which will (a) explain why numerous students are having school difficulties, and (b) predict the success of the EDUCA + project. Įvadas. Daugeliui besimokančiųjų iškyla sunkumų mokykloje. Tai susiję su tuo, kaip jie mokosi. Kartais tai įvardijama kaip „metakognityvinis deficitas“. Straipsnyje remiamasi „neatskleisto potencialo“ požiūriu. Psichologai, mokytojai ar tėvai – visi jie stengiasi plėtoti savo įgūdžius, kad galėtų padėti besimokantiesiems. Taip yra pradinėse ir vidurinėse mokyklose. EDUCA+ projektas skirtas galimiems sprendimams surasti. Tikslas. Šio straipsnio tikslas – pateikti metakognityvinę ir kognityvinę mokymosi mokytis teorijas, kurios (a) paaiškins, kodėl daug mokinių turi mokymosi sunkumų ir (b) leis numatyti EDUCA+ projekto sėkmę.

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Vadovo įgalinančio elgesio ir struktūrinio įgalinimo reikšmė darbuotojų psichologiniam įgalinimui

Author(s): Dalia Bagdžiūnienė,Mantas Tvarijonavičius / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 14/2014

Background. Employees will be highly motivated to fulfill new responsibilities, when they actually feel psychologically empowered, i.e. would positively evaluate their own professional competence, wish to solve job related problems independently and show initiative at work. In Lithuania, the phenomenon of psychological empowerment was virtually not examined yet; therefore it is highly relevant to analyze its expression, diversity of contributing factors and their characteristics in managers and specialists. The aim of the study was to examine the expression of psychological empowerment and its relation with empowering leader behavior and structural empowerment. Method. Three methodologies were used in this study: the questionnaire of psychological empowerment (Tvarijonavičius ir Bagdžiūnienė, 2013), the questionnaire of empowering leader behavior (Ahearne et al., 2005), and the questionnaire of structural empowerment (Laschinger et al., 2001). There were 280 participants in this study: specialists (N=205) and middle managers (N=75), working in 14 organizations in Lithuania. Results. The results of the study revealed that empowering leader behavior and structural empowerment predicted employee psychological empowerment; empowering leader behavior and structural empowerment predicted employee psychological empowerment directly; also there was an interaction between empowering leader behavior and structural empowerment and its’ dimensions when predicting psychological empowerment; the empowerment predictors for specialists and managers differed. Conclusions. The psychological empowerment of middle managers was higher than of the specialists. The role of empowering leader behavior on psychological empowerment was higher in the conditions of low structural empowerment; the psychological empowerment predictors for specialists were: opportunity to use current and acquire new skills, information about the status of the organization, trust demonstrated be a direct manager, and autonomy for the work provided; while the psychological empowerment of middle managers was only predicted by the opportunity to use current and acquire new skills.

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INFLUENŢA GREUTĂŢII CORPORALE PREZENTE ŞI DEZIRABILE ASUPRA RISCULUI DE APARIŢIE A TULBURĂRILOR DE COMPORTAMENT ALIMENTAR

Author(s): Stefania Miclea,Monica Albu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 10/2012

The present study inquires into the relationships between the variables measured by the Eating Disorder Inventory-3 (EDI-3), the body mass index, and the difference between current and desired weight in three groups of women: women who wish to gain weight, women who wish to maintain their current weight, and women wishing to lose weight. The study sample consisted of 91 women, aged between 18 and 34 years, without eating disorders. The main results of this study are the following: (a) women who wish to have a different weight than that they already have (irrespective of the direction of change – gaining or losing weight) have a higher risk to develop an eating disorder comparing with women wishing to preserve their current weight; (b) the association between the risk for developing an eating disorder (as measured using the specific EDI-3 scales) and the psychological characteristics of studied sample differs depending on the relationship between the current and desired weight.

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LES INSULTES – FORME DE MANIFESTATION DE L’AGRESSIVITÉ VERBALE. ANALYSE COMPARATIVE FRANÇAIS VS. ROUMAIN

Author(s): Marius Florea,Iulia Mateiu / Language(s): French Issue: 10/2012

The approach of insults we propose in this paper has three sections: a psychological one, since we consider insults first of all as manifestations of verbal aggressiveness; a lexico-grammatical and pragmatic section, which concerns the structures and the functioning of insults in french and in romanian and a semantic section, which allows us to reveal some cultural differences.

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REPREZENTĂRI SOCIALE ALE OMULUI MORAL ÎN ROMÂNIA DE AZI

Author(s): Monica Albu,Claudia Kubik,Carmen Vasar,Cristina Carpa,Carina Herbei,Gelu Todea / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 10/2012

Our research sought to identify the social representation of the moral individual in present day Romania, distinct at people who have higher education and people who only graduated high school. The research took place between February and August 2011, in the counties Timiş, Arad, Cluj, and Caraş-Severin. It consisted of three stages. First it was determined the content of social representation, through the method of free associations. The 9 terms noted down with highest frequency have been reunite into a list. In the second stage we sought to identify the place of each term into the content of the social representation, through the ordering method from the list of terms. Then, we determined the relationship between the terms which constitutes the content of social representation through a variant of the method of free association. For the high school graduates, the central node of the social representation is the term fair. It is associated with the terms rarely encountered in our state and responsible. For the people with higher education, the central node of the social representation is the term acting according to principles relating to the truth, good, beautiful. It is associated with the terms appreciated by others for what he is doing, example for others and fair.

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