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ASSERTIVENESS: THEORETICAL APPROACHES AND BENEFITS OF ASSERTIVE BEHAVIOR

Author(s): Ecaterina Postolatii / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

In this informational-analytical paper there are analyzed and summarized the results of the most relevant international studies on assertiveness and assertive behaviour, related to the identification of its strengths and the perception of this phenomenon in society. This work aims to summarize different approaches to investigating assertiveness from various perspectives, analyze qualities and psychological characteristics of an assertive person and benefits of assertive behaviour, as well as components of assertiveness. In this article assertiveness is revealed as an anti-manipulative trait, the golden mean between aggressiveness and passivity, as well as a strategy to protect against manipulation.

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Dylematy terapeutycznej wielokulturowości. Pomiędzy swojskością a innością

Author(s): Grażyna Teusz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

The article is an attempt to analyze the phenomenon of multiculturalism and the issues to accompany in the context of building and achieving human identity. The main emphasis is placed on presenting the psycho-social dimension of constructing identity and its interactive character. Social identity is the other essential part of the issue next to individual identity. The objects of the author’s attention here are therapeutic implications and dilemmas presented in the context of multiculturalism.

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A THEMATIC ANALYSIS OF TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS: THE COLLECTION AND FORMALIZATION OF INFORMATION RELATING TO THE NEEDS OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES

Author(s): Mabrouka El Hachani,Omar Larouk / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2017

This article addresses the issue of technical documents and the impact their structuring has on professionals working in the field of disability. A model was developed to accompany users with disabilities when entering information; it was based on the linguistic analysis of an assortment of technical documents (institutional forms). We studied the problems related to technical documents by using a methodological approach which was based on a combination of complementary studies. The first was a terminological study, which aimed to look for relevant themes. It was complemented by a second one, which analyzed the discourse that was transmitted by the texts and which was centered on exploring the logical links between propositions and paragraphs. We completed these two studies with a final one, the logico-cognitive analysis. This which allowed us to look for contextual clues, which were produced by the texts in the documentary environment. It was therefore possible to formalize information and communication operations thanks to the reference discourse’s targeted environment in view of designing an automated information system.

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Bekar Danışmanlığı (BD) Ve Özerk-İlişkisel Bekar Danışmanlığı Modeli (ÖİBDM): Türkiye’de Yeni Bir Kavram, Araştırma, Uzmanlık Ve Çalışma Alanı

Author(s): Kâmile Bahar Aydın / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 36/2017

In this study, I attempt to introduce in general "Single Counseling" as a new concept and psychological counseling field in Turkish literature and "Autonomous-Relational Single Counseling Model (ARSCM)”, developed for single population living in Turkey. The single population consists of never married, divorced and widowed adults with age 18 and over. Single Counseling is a professional assistance to meet developmental, adaptive and social needs of single populations. ARSCM is a single counseling based on Çiğdem Kağıtçıbaşı's "Autonomous-Relational Self Model". The need for Single Counseling stems from a variety of reasons on individual, cultural, socio-economic and universal dimensions. There are two main objectives of the Single Counseling: First objective is to prepare the individual for marriage and family life, the second objective is to prepare the individual for single life. ARSCM is a developmental, preventive, adaptive, sustained and supportive psycho-social assistance form.

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Toplumsal İletişim Sürecinde İletişim Engelleri(Önyargı Örneği)

Author(s): Taner Solmaz,Hakan Yüksel,Gökbörü Önalp / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 36/2017

Communication; is of great importance for right perception and to understanding each other of individuals. In order to the communication to may continue correctly is required a healthy interaction. However, the factors that prevent to healthy communication it can be seen in various communication types and is prejudice one of these factors. The prejudice that we can accept as an important problem of society, it is also an issue after the communication as during communication. In this study; it will be examined and discussed with the general screening model the effects in process social communication, by taking to before and to after of this problem.

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ИСКУСТВО УСАМЉЕНОСТИ У АДОЛЕСЦЕНЦИЈИ

Author(s): Radmila Milovanović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 145/2013

The paper deals with the phenomenon of loneliness, the emotional state which is characterized by the feeling of emptiness and isolation, exclusion and isolation from other people. It is the state connected with many psychological troubles, behavioral and social problems and can seriously threaten mental and physical health of the adolescents and grown-up young people. The goal of the research is to examine the frequency of the experience of loneliness in the population of the adolescents, the connection of loneliness with other psychological difficulties, and also with the effects of socialization. A modified questionnaire about the ways of the expression of the crisis in the adolescence (Kondić and co.), the short form of the UCLA Loneliness Scale (University of California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale) and the battery of the tests of socializations (Momirović and co.) are used in this research. The research is conducted on the sample of 300 first year students from the Faculty of Pedagogy in Jagodina, Medical Faculty in Belgrade, Faculty of Philology and Arts in Kragujevac and College of Health Studies in Ćuprija, of the average age 19.1 years. The results received by the application of the same questionnaire on the sample of the students in the final year of high schools in the interval of 5 years starting from 1985 until 2010 are used for the comparison (100 adolescents for each researched year). The results of the research have shown that 32% of the adolescents in the researched sample declare as lonely (the comparison points to the trend of the increase of loneliness in the population of the adolescents in relation to the previous year), that the loneliness is statistically significantly connected to other psychological difficulties (depression, self-image disorders, eating disorders, sleep disorders) and with the emphasized effects of socialization, that is, exaggerated socialization (where the solution of this serious problem can be searched).

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Porodična terapija fokusirana na tugovanje - terapija izbora u oblasti palijativnog zbrinjavanja

Author(s): Tamara Klikovac / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2017

Palliative care refers to offering physical, psychosocial and spiritual care to patients who are suffering from life threatening diseases. It also includes providing psychological support for family members and other close relations during the period of illness (anticipatory grief) and in the period of bereavement and mourning after the patient's death. The choice of therapy during the process of bereavement and mourning is Family Focused Grief Therapy (FFGT). FFGT is a brief, focused and time-limited psychotherapeutic model of intervention belonging to family psychotherapy which is specified for the families that face a life threatening disease of a family member. FFGT, with some modifications, can be applied in work with the families who are facing a terminal illness of younger family members - a child or an adolescent. FFGT typically comprises of 7 to 9 sessions lasting for 90 minutes, which are arranged flexibly across 9 to 18 months, depending on the needs of each family individually. It is important to emphasize that the frequency and number of sessions in each phase depend on the specific features and needs of each particular family. The intervention aim of FFGT is to prevent the complications of bereavement by enhancing the functioning of the family, through exploration of its cohesion, communications (of thoughts and feelings), and handling of conflict. The story of illness and the related grief is shared in the process. The creator of this model is Dr David Kissane, a psychiatrist and a family psychotherapist from Melbourne, Australia, who also worked at the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre in New York. The main aims of this article are, on the one hand, to introduce this very useful model of the family therapy to the professional community in Serbia and, on the other, to introduce a conceptual and practical frame of palliative care.

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Технології дозвіллєвої діяльності з сім’ями

Author(s): Oksana Oliinyk / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2016

Objective. The study searches for new approaches to working with families by creating and raising importance of the system of value orientations of family leisure and introduction of its various forms, types and technologies into practice of family leisure. Family leisure plays a leading role in shaping of harmonious relationship in a family. The decline of the institution of the family and the reducing trend of cultural and leisure relations in modern families require to research family leisure technology and its role in shaping of Ukrainian family value system. Research methodology is based on application of the methods of leisure activities in the groups of different age as well as psychological techniques (interactive methods). Specified methodological approach enables to reveal the essence of personality and peculiarities of its development at various age stages and to study active methods of socio-psychological training for the personal development and self-actualization. Scientific novelty consists in expanding of notions of diversity of family leisure technologies: age-related, recreational, environmental and cultural. Family leisure study and determination of scope of family leisure preferences and traditions provides the possibility to be aware of the importance of using the methods, techniques, forms and types of leisure activities according to stages of family development, distribution of roles and family responsibilities as well as to take into consideration family life cycle, its composition, family subsystems and its basic parameters, which determine a specific character of relationship. Conclusions. Family leisure plays an important role in constructive relations in the family and transmission of family values and traditions from one generation to the other. Organized family leisure contributes to optimizing of the marital and parent-child relationships, creating of positive emotional ties, development of social and emotional identity of family members, revival of traditions and moral values of a family and development of family leisure culture.

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ВПЛИВ ПСИХІЧНИХ АНОМАЛІЙ НА СУСПІЛЬНО-НЕБЕЗПЕЧНУ ПОВЕДІНКУ НЕПОВНОЛІТНІХ

Author(s): S. Horlach / Language(s): English,Ukrainian Issue: 4/2014

In this paper, based on contemporary development of psychiatric and legal knowledge, allowed the author to divide the state and several categories of persons who have committed acts that are objectively dangerous to society. Defined social and socio-significant properties, relationships range of people with mental abnormalities offenders.

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SOCIJALNO POŽELJNO ODGOVARANJE I STRUKTURA LIČNOSTI – DIMENZIONALNA I TIPOLOŠKA PERSPEKTIVA

Author(s): Milan Oljača,Bojan Branovački,Selka Sadiković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2018

Main goal of this research is examination of social desirability bias (SDB), and its relation to dimensions and types of personality. Study was carried out on 1322 (76% female) participants, aged from 18 to 72 years (M = 33.63). IPIP simulation of Unlikely virtues (Uv) scale, questionnaire operationalisation of social desirability bias, and short version of VP + 2, questionnaire operationalisation of seven lexical dimensions in Serbian language, were administered. Latent class analysis was conducted in shared latent space of dimensions of VP + 2 and Uv. Bayesian information criterion indicates that the optimal solution consists of three personality types: Unadapted, Resilient and Constrained. Results are in accordance with assumptions about relations between social desirability bias and personality types. Resilient type scores moderately high on SDB, constrained type scores average, whilst unadapted type achieves moderately lowered scores on SDB. In order to examine relations between SDB and personality dimensions, gender, age and education status, analysis of covariance was applied. Results of this research confirm findings from previous research about relations between SDB and Five factor model personality dimensions, but also indicated the importance of the evaluative dimensions in understanding SDB.

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Изложеност стресу као механизам утицаја социоекономског положаја на квалитет здравља

Author(s): Vladimir S. Mentus,Tatjana Mentus-Kandić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 163/2017

The subject of this paper is stress exposure as one of the mechanisms through which the socioeconomic status may affect the health. First of all, the nature of the relationship between the socioeconomic status and the health quality, as well as possible mechanisms of relationship between them in general are presented. Then, an overview of the relationship between socioeconomic status and stress exposure is provided, as well as previous research results in this field. Finally, mechanisms by which stress exposure may affect health quality are presented. The largest number of studies indicates a positive correlation between socioeconomic position and health quality and a negative correlation between status and stress exposure, as well as health quality and stress exposure. The results regarding the relationship between socioeconomic status and stress exposure are in this respect the least consistent, mostly due to differences in the conceptualizations and operationalizations, poor representativeness of samples, and other methodological issues, as well as the characteristics of the examined populations themselves. Further, behaviors relevant to health quality, such as diet or physical activity, are to a great extent related to socioeconomic status and stress exposure. Whatever the mechanisms by which the interaction between these variables is explained may be, the socioeconomic status is probably the key for prevention and overcoming stressful situations, and thus, for health in general.

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Örgütlerde Destek Algılarının Çalışanın Duygularını İfade Etmesi Üzerine Etkisi

Author(s): Mihriban Cindiloğlu Demirer / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2017

This study was designed to determined the effect of workers’ workplace emotional expression on perceived organizational support scale, supervisor support, coworker support. In accordance with this aim, sample of this research consisted of 212 administrative personnel in the machinery manufacturing sector in Organized Industrial Zone on Çorum province center. As a result of study, it was determined that the highest effective supervisor support gave the feelings of workers’ workplace emotional expression. It seems that the support of his coworker support followed him. It has been found that organizational support does not have any effect in expressing of workers’ workplace emotional expression.

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Проблема формування комунікативної культури в контексті інкультурації особистості

Author(s): Tetyana Gonchar / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2012

The problem of formation of personality communicative culture has to be considerate in the correlation of personality and community culture. In that case this problem can be studied in the context of wider problem – the problem of personality inculturation – the process of personality including in culture.

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La visibilité de l’interprète, une question de circonstances

Author(s): Iulia Bobăilă,Alina Pelea / Language(s): French Issue: Special/2017

This paper sets out to look at interpreting history from theperspective of the interpreter’s ‘visibility’. The concept of visibility isunderstood in a broad sense as a combination of physical presence, a distinct voice in the interpreted speech, influence, and status recognition in the public space. We are thus trying to ascertain the link between the various parameters that define the interpreter’s work and their complementarity. The last section of the article analyses the technical progress and ethical changes that took place during the 20th century, as well as their impact on the image of the interpreter today.

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Cue-reactivity in behavioral addictions: A meta-analysis and methodological considerations

Author(s): Katrin Starcke,Stephanie Antons,Patrick Trotzke,Matthias Brand / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

Background and aims: Recent research has applied cue-reactivity paradigms to behavioral addictions. The aim of the current meta-analysis is to systematically analyze the effects of learning-based cue-reactivity in behavioral addictions. Methods: The current meta-analysis includes 18 studies (29 data sets, 510 participants) that have used a cue-reactivity paradigm in persons with gambling (eight studies), gaming (nine studies), or buying (one study) disorders. We compared subjective, peripheral physiological, electroencephal, and neural responses toward addiction-relevant cues in patients versus control participants and toward addiction-relevant cues versus control cues in patients. Results: Persons with behavioral addictions showed higher cue-reactivity toward addiction-relevant cues compared with control participants: subjective cue-reactivity (d = 0.84, p = .01) and peripheral physiological and electroencephal measures of cue-reactivity (d = 0.61, p < .01). Increased neural activation was found in the caudate nucleus, inferior frontal gyrus, median cingulate cortex, subgenual cingulate, and precentral gyrus. Persons with gambling, gaming, or buying disorders also showed higher cue-reactivity toward addiction-relevant cues compared with control cues: subjective cue-reactivity (d = 0.39, p = .11) and peripheral physiological and electroencephal measures of cue-reactivity (d = 0.47, p = .05). Increased neural activation was found in the caudate nucleus, inferior frontal gyrus, angular gyrus, inferior network, and precuneus. Discussion and conclusions: Cue-reactivity not only exists in substance-use disorders but also in gambling, gaming, and buying disorders. Future research should differentiate between cue-reactivity in addictive behaviors and cue-reactivity in functional excessive behaviors such as passions, hobbies, or professions.

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Conceptualizing gambling disorder with the process model of emotion regulation

Author(s): Guyonne Rogier,Patrizia Velotti / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

Introduction: Nowadays, gambling disorder (GD) is a worldwide health issue and there is a growing need to both improve our understanding of this disorder and to tailor specific interventions for its treatment. Moreover, theoretical models and preliminary empirical results suggest that difficulty in regulating emotional states might be involved in GD. However, literature describing clinical and theoretical aspects of emotional dysregulation among pathological gamblers (PGs) shows a lack of systematic description. Objectives: We aimed to provide, within an exhaustive theoretical framework of emotion regulation (ER) processing, empirical evidence supporting a conceptual model of GD as an ER affliction. Methods: We commented on empirical evidence on the relationship between ER and GD in the light of two main conceptual models of emotion (dys)regulation. Results: The results suggest there are actual deficits of ER processing among PGs, manifesting themselves through different ways and in different steps of the ER timeline. In addition, dysregulation of positive emotions may play a central role in GD. From a clinical point of view, we pointed out that deficits in ER might be multiple in nature and an assessment for GD should be accurate to identify the specific components accounting for the development and maintenance of the disorder. It should also orientate the clinician in selecting therapeutic objectives. Conclusions: The nature of emotional states that are difficult to regulate might account for the GD severity and indicate the subtype of PGs the patient belongs to. Treatment programs should be tailored on the specificity of PGs.

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Is smartphone addiction really an addiction?

Author(s): Tayana Panova,Xavier Carbonell / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

Aims: In light of the rise in research on technological addictions and smartphone addiction in particular, the aim of this paper was to review the relevant literature on the topic of smartphone addiction and determine whether this disorder exists or if it does not adequately satisfy the criteria for addiction. Methods: We reviewed quantitative and qualitative studies on smartphone addiction and analyzed their methods and conclusions to make a determination on the suitability of the diagnosis “addiction” to excessive and problematic smartphone use. Results: Although the majority of research in the field declares that smartphones are addictive or takes the existence of smartphone addiction as granted, we did not find sufficient support from the addiction perspective to confirm the existence of smartphone addiction at this time. The behaviors observed in the research could be better labeled as problematic or maladaptive smartphone use and their consequences do not meet the severity levels of those caused by addiction. Discussion and conclusions: Addiction is a disorder with severe effects on physical and psychological health. A behavior may have a similar presentation as addiction in terms of excessive use, impulse control problems, and negative consequences, but that does not mean that it should be considered an addiction. We propose moving away from the addiction framework when studying technological behaviors and using other terms such as “problematic use” to describe them. We recommend that problematic technology use is to be studied in its sociocultural context with an increased focus on its compensatory functions, motivations, and gratifications.

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Dance Improvisational Cognition

Author(s): Klara Łucznik,Frank Loesche / Language(s): English Issue: S/2017

Research into group creativity with its dynamic, interpersonal, and multi-perspective character poses many challenges, among others, how to collect data and capture its shared nature. In this paper, we discuss the creative process of an ensemble in dance improvisation as an example of vivid and collaborative creative practice. To identify aspects of improvisational dance cognition, we designed and applied a video-stimulated recall approach to capturing the multiple perspectives of the shared creative process. We tested the method during an improvisational session with dancers, showing how the recordings of dancers’ thought narratives and internal states might be used for studying group creativity. Finally, we presented an audiovisual installation Between Minds and Bodies that aimed to recreate the dancers’ experience and offered immersion into the creative process by accessing individual dancer’s thought processes in the improvised performance while watching the dance improvisation.

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Let’s Improv It: The Embodied Investigation of Social Collaboration

Author(s): Klara Łucznik,Abigail Jackson,Aska Sakuta,Eleonora Siarava / Language(s): English Issue: S/2017

The authors collectively delivered the score and reflected on the outcomes of this experience over the course of a year (2016–2017). In this paper, we explore how our research project expanded the boundaries of the conventional concepts of knowledge and cognition. We see such participatory sessions, in which movement and embodied experience freely unfold in time and space, as a ‘laboratory’ in which we examine the underlying mechanisms of collaboration. We reflect on how such an experience can be seen as a creative process, or as an emergent, collaborative artwork. The participants are both the creators and, simultaneously, the audience of our improvised experience. The experience provided a non-judgmental context for physical engagement and observation, which is an outcome that will be introduced alongside participants’ feedback. Overall, the project revealed that shared embodied knowledge is highly appreciated, particularly among those without previous experience with embodied enquiry or movement research.

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SOSYAL BASKINLIK YÖNELİMİNİN KİŞİLİK ÖZELLİKLERİYLE İLİŞKİSİ

Author(s): Sultan Okumuşoğlu / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 12/2017

There are studies which conducted on the base of the idea that social dominance orientation is not a personality dimension but rather an attitude which has relationship with personality. The purpose of this study is investigation of the relationship of social dominance orientation with personality features. According to findings %30,6 of the variance of social dominance orientation is explained by education, gender, and cooperativenes character dimension. Women differed from men with higher scores in self directedness and cooperativeness. It was determined that lower scores in terms of cooperativeness and self directedness character dimensions is related with higher scores in social dominance orientation. Despite the fact that at first social dominance orientation have been introduced as a personality factor which is related with supporting group based discrimination, recently social dominance orientation is accepted as an attitude which has relationship with certain personality features. The findings of this study are parallel with the conceptualisation of social dominance as an attitude.

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