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Савремени индикатори саобраћајне доступности

Author(s): Ivan Ratkaj,Marija Martinović,Miško Milanović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2005

Adequate uses of indicators of transport accessibility, as quantitative measures, allow us to move spatial interactions analysis from theoretical to practical level. Aggregate indicators of transport accessibility of places dominate in the research studies, although the indicators of individual accessibility are taking considerable place in the last few decades. The most types of indicators of transport accessibility of places are presented in this article, as well as their characteristics, possibilities for application, advantages and weaknesses.

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YÖNETİMDE KARAR VEYA PROBLEM ÇÖZÜMÜNÜN EŞ ANLAMLILIĞI ÜZERİNE KISA BİR YORUM

Author(s): Hasan Latif / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 39/2018

There is a very common opinion that decision and problem solving contain different meanings. This paper, in contrast to common opinion, includes a brief interpretation that decision-making and problem-solving are synonymous.

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The Theoretical, methodological and technical issues of digital folklore databases and computational folkloristics

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The Theoretical, methodological and technical issues of digital folklore databases and computational folkloristics

Author(s): Emese Ilyefalvi / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

The study examines the problems and possibilities presented by the digitization of national folklore archives and collections in the wider context of folklore archiving and digital humanities. The primary goal of the study is to present a problem-oriented and critical overview of the available digital databases containing folklore texts (WossiDiA, Sagragrunnur, ETKSpace, Danish Folklore Nexus, Nederlandse VolksverhalenBank, The Schools’ Collection, etc.), and of the analyses conducted on these using computational methods. The paper first presents a historical overview of the conceptualization that went into the creation of folklore databases (genre-centered, collector, and collection-centered approaches), followed by a discussion of the practical, technical, and theoretical aspects of digital content creation (crowdsourcing, markup languages, TEI, digital critical editions, etc.). The study then takes a look at the new digital tools and methods applied in the analysis of digitized folklore texts (text-mining, network theory methods, data visualization), and finally places databases and computational folkloristics within a larger theoretical framework.

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Prilog strukturnim pitanjima samoupravnih procesa odlučivanja

Author(s): Svetozar Zimonjić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 03+04/1984

This text is a continuation of the results of the article under the title A Supplement to the System Research of Self-Managing Processes — published in Dijalog, 1,80. The basic structure of information — informative segment of a unit of self-managing decision making is formulated in this text, and the analysis of the basic process phenomena in decision making is given. This and the above-mentioned article give a complete concept of the system-structural architecture of self-managing system of decision making in a basic unit.

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EVALUAREA PERFORMANȚEI ORGANIZAȚIILOR DE INTELLIGENCE

Author(s): Iulian Bodolan / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 17/2014

Specialized literature addresses intelligence services great failures, often explicitely claiming they refer to their low performances as organizations. Most experts believe there is no general theory on proficiency in intelligence, namely identifying those criteria needed for a relevant analysis of these services’ activities: what they generally do, if they are efficient in terms of performance, how rare failures are, but prominent as compared to performances and the way in which ignoring the performance of different types of intelligence activities impacts the assessments of all intelligence services.

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Türkiye Ve Avrupa’da Teknik Direktör Değişimi

Author(s): Bolat Gündüz,Mert Kayhan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: S1/2017

Many football teams in the world change technical directors first in case of a failure. As a result of this change, it is thought that the failure will be the end and the successful results will come soon. The aim of this study is to compare of coach changes Turkey and some other countries teams which have at least one championship in last 20 years. In our work, Premier League England, Germany, Italy, Spain, Turkey, France, and Portugal have all teams that have won the championship in the last 20 years (n:38). The number of coach changes, the league championship numbers and the final numbers played in the European cups has been obtained from the transfermarkt.com. Descriptive statistics and one-way variance analysis were used for the analysis of the data. The coach changing numbers of team's, which was in our study in last 20 years, was found 16.47±5.74. While average of coach changed in our country 20.25±3.4, England 11.20±9.33, Germany 15.83±6.14, Italy 18.20±4.14, Spain 19±3.80, France 15±4.89 and Portugal 18.25±4.11 was found. When the findings are examined, the coach average of the championship teams in our country during the last 20 years has been found high compared to Europe.

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Design Thinking as a Source of Management Innovation

Author(s): Grzegorz Baran / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

The paper attempts to present design thinking as an approach which, when applied in management, can transform the mode of operation adopted in an organisation effectively enough to become in effect a source of radical changes and management innovation itself. Management innovation, though not so rare in management practice, has not become widespread in scientific literature, and is often wrongly identified with organisational innovation. It includes everything which significantly changes the manner of implementing management functions. It is very important to contemporary organisations, since by radically changing management methods, it is able to sustain an innovative potential in the long run. Research aims. The aim of this paper is to identify these advantages of the design thinking approach which, when used in contemporary organisations, may be an efficient support in the creation and implementation of management innovation. Methodology. The discussion undertaken in the paper is theoretical and primarily based on the method of the analysis and criticism of literature on design thinking and management, and management innovation in particular. The research method used to solve the scientific problem is deduction, which referred to the critical literature study has allowed achieving the research goal. Key findings. The analysis of theoretical findings resulted in drawing how design thinking approach may effectively support the creation of management innovation in contemporary organizations. Although design thinking comes from a designers’ job, at present it is an approach to creative and innovative ways of solving open, complex, and unambiguous management problems in numerous organisations.

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The Impact of Cooperation among Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises on Their Innovation capabilities

Author(s): Andrea Benedek,István Takács,Katalin Takács-György / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

Although in recent years several measures, government activities, projects, and increased R&D resources have motivated and assisted companies in their innovation activities, the aggregated innovation activity indicators of Hungary (summary innovation index – SII, innovation union scoreboard index – the index-IUS) and the statistics still show a strong fullback compared to the member states of the European Union. This is especially true regarding the region of Northern Hungary, where innovation would be essential for the future and competitiveness of small and medium enterprises. Research aims. The primary aim of the research is to examine whether there is cooperation between companies and stakeholders. To observe what is the frequency and depth of the cooperation between the studied companies and the stakeholders. In general, is there a relationship between cooperation and innovation? What kind of sources of innovation are preferred by the surveyed companies? Where does the capital for innovation come from? Methodology. The primary research examines the innovation activities of small and medium-sized enterprises and the related forms of cooperation. The research database was provided by a questionnaire survey conducted by managers of small and medium-sized enterprises operating in Northern Hungary, which was carried out in 2015. Key findings. This research showed that there is a significant correlation between the level of cooperation and innovation. It shows which are those innovation activities (market pull and demand push) among the studied companies that are preferred; and how the degree of willingness to cooperate impacts the way of innovation. The research reflects the openness to innovation of the leaders of the small and medium-sized enterprises and the research showed that the most preferred form of innovation within the market is pull innovation. However, the company leaders know that the resource intensity of innovation is very high and they need external resources, which they do not prefer. The use of bank loans to the innovation is low (only 27% in 2015 among Hungarian SMEs). The companies prefer the development support from the state or local governments.

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Deconstructing Design to Facilitate Its Research within Public Service Organisation

Author(s): Mateusz Lewandowski / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

Design in public service organisations is an important context, possibly influencing many aspects of public management. Yet it has not been well included in the main research stream as a variable, mostly due to elusive understanding of the phenomenon and its weak operationalisation. Research aims. This paper aims to further the understanding of design within Public Service Organisations (PSOs), in order to propose the main dimensions for measuring design within PSOs. Methodology. This study uses a literature review and deconstruction based on a narrative analysis. Literature has been hand-picked according to snowball effect logic. Key findings. The obtained results of deconstruction allowed for proposing a consistent and comprehensive framework of design within PSOs. It facilitates research by giving the ground for developing concrete measures.

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An Improvement of the Lithuanian Emergency Medical Assistance System Management

Author(s): Rimantas Stašys,Gintautas Virketis / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

This article discusses an improvement of the emergency medical assistance system in Lithuania. Health care reform in Lithuania has been going on for three decades, but despite the understanding that the health care management has to be effective and methodologically sound it cannot be characterised as consistent, comprehensive, and well-coordinated. The authors explore the methods of how to adapt emergency medical assistance system in Lithuania to the changing environmental factors, the advances of science and information technologies, and to the legal WHO and EU requirements. Research aims. The aim of this study was to define the key emergency medical assistance concepts and management principals, analyse emergency medical assistance system models in foreign countries and use the results to create a theory for the emergency medical assistance management, determine the deficiencies in the Lithuanian emergency medical assistance system as well as propose tools to improve it and define emergency medical assistance management subsystems. Methodology. Research methods include quantitative descriptive research through a structured questionnaire survey; data statistical analysis (chi-square, mean) methods, modelling, and graphic representation. The internal consistency of the questionnaire scale was assessed by the Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient. Key findings. Problem areas of the emergency medical assistance were grouped based on their impact on the social or economic state in the country. It was the basis of the improvement of the emergency medical assistance management and integration. A model for the management of the emergency medical assistance system in Lithuania has been developed and based on the system principle where integral parts are linked by internal relations between health care management subjects; resources; and outcomes. Five subsystems: supervision of emergency medical assistance, patient inter-hospital transportation, information, and patient flow management, as well as the public education and information have been defined.

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SYSTEM APPROACH IN THE CONSISTENCY CONCEPT AS A WAY OF ORGANISATIONAL ANALYSIS

Author(s): Iwona Chomiak-Orsa / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2017

Organisational excellence is a process that becomes more and more difficult in nowadays’ organisations. One of the areas in which this organisational state is built is organisational management nature. When it comes to competitive organisations process management and process organisations are very often introduced. What is very often forgotten is a kind of consistency that must follow process structure implementation and ongoing operations. The problem of consistency is almost not present in this meaning in literature of the subject, so it is a very new approach. To manage in a consistent way organisations need to analyse companies from a static and dynamic perspective. The management of contemporary organisations requires from the managers not only well-established knowledge and wide experience. The problems faced by organisations go beyond the management framework defined in the literature. The organisations are evolving in order to achieve organisational excellence. A key determinant of the improvement of the organisation is to create a coherent management system, which will include all the layers and the perspective of the organisation. Unfortunately, it is extremely difficult to obtain in practice. The identification of these difficulties was the main impetus for the considerations presented in this article. Research aims. The aim of the article is to make a synthesis of the literature devoted to the topic of the consistency of the management structure levels. Unfortunately, the literature in this area is not too abundant, yet. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to identify the main trends of literature in this area and to present an original, synthetic concept to create organisational cohesion. Methodology. In view of the theoretical nature of the article research methodology consisted on the views of the authors as a result of a literature review. Then the authors were also tempted by several design proposals that are conceptual. The desk research was carried out by studying the literature considering consistency in management and confronting it with the authors’ own concepts. Most of the article was developed by using the authors own ideas and in this way it is a new input into management theory. Key findings. As the main source of the problem that is described in the article, the authors pointed out the lack of consistency between the planes of management. The pursuit of organisational excellence is a continuous process, which forces the evolutionary nature of the organisation. Thus, the flexible principles of the organisation’s functioning in the direction of self-improvement, designing or creating an event organisation may constitute, according to the authors, one of the directions of organisational consistency.

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THE MANIFESTATIONS OF ORGANISATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR. THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE INTERNAL CUSTOMER

Author(s): Boleslaw Goranczewski / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2017

The article focuses on two intrapersonal factors having a significant impact on the idea of the internal customer and the existence or absence of organizational citizenship behavior. These factors are altruistic and egoistic attitudes. Research aims. The main objective of the analysis presented in the article is to describe manifestations of organizational citizenship behavior from the perspective of the internal customer. Methodology. The article is based on the study of the literature on this subject. It also has the character of a conceptual review. The reflections included in the article result from the author’s many years of practical managerial experience in the use of such techniques as participant observations, interviews, analyses of intraorganisational source documentation and others. Thus the article contains the attributes of research based on the ethnographic method. Key findings. The author characterizes five personality types of the internal customer in the context of organizational citizenship behavior. The first type is the “altruist”. The second type is the “neutral”. It represents the internal customer who is half an altruist and half an egoist. The “egoist” is the third type of the internal customer who functions in two dimensions. The egoist adopts positive behavior only in return for an award. This type of an internal customer represents also behavior which is apparently positive (counterproductive). The fourth fifth type is the internal customer who, restricted internally or externally, does not adopt citizenship behavior. The conclusions of the article present possible problems and questions which could constitute a starting point for further research on organizational citizenship behavior from the perspective of the internal customer.

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THE APPLICATION OF LEAN MANAGEMENT IN HIGHER EDUCATION

Author(s): Stephan Höfer,Jörg Naeve / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2017

The application of lean management is standard in many companies all over the world. It is used to continuously optimize existing production processes and to reduce the complexity of administrative processes. Unfortunately, in higher education, the awareness of lean management as a highly effective methodology is quite low. Research aims. The research aim is to show how the lean strategy can be applied in university environments. Finally, this paper address the question why it is so difficult to implement lean in a university environment and how an institution of higher education can move forward towards becoming a lean university. Methodology. Based on a literature review, five key lean principles are presented and examples of their implementation are discussed using short case studies from our own institution. We also compare our findings with those in the literature. Key findings. Lean offers the chance to improve the management of higher education institutions. This requires a commitment on the part of the university top management aiming at convincing all stakeholders that a culture of lean helps the institution to be able to adapt to the rapidly changing environment of higher education.

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On the types of assessments concerning the effectiveness of medical procedures

Author(s): Włodzimierz Galewicz / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2017

The subject of this article is the assessment of the effectiveness of medical procedures or interventions. In its first part I compare the different meanings that the term effectiveness assumes in the context of assessing medical interventions, including the definition of the concept of consequential effectiveness, i.e. efficiency in achieving a certain objective of recognized value, distinguishing it from purely instrumental efficiency, i.e. effectiveness in achieving any goal, and from ‘cost-effectiveness’ or economic efficiency. Next, I discuss various directions of relativization that allow for, and largely assume, assessments of the effectiveness of medical interventions, primarily considering the purpose, which serves as their point of reference. In the third part, I emphasize the different character of assessments of the effectiveness of medical procedures depending on whether they relate to the final or only to the indirect purpose of a given procedure. Finally, I consider the validity of the popular opposition of effectiveness and efficiency, and egalitarian fairness or justice (equity) in relation to health care procedures.

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Coordination and integration in health care. The concepts for the next reform – part II

Author(s): Przemysław Szetela / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2017

The concept of coordinated and related integrated health care is playing an increasingly important role in modern health care systems. Societies’ changing health profile, particularly in developed countries, together with the growing complexity of the health care process necessitates searching for, and implementing, solutions to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the existing systems. This is particularly necessary when there are no opportunities for a rapid and substantial increase in funding. The substance of the planned and implemented changes is the transition from episodic, fragmented, and dispersed treatment of diseases towards the provision of coordinated health care – with a varied degree of integration – which would ensure that patients receive comprehensive and continuous treatment ensured by cooperation between the health care, social care and education sectors. Achieving solution to the above challenges is included in the concept of coordinated and integrated health care, some elements of which are being implemented in the Polish system of health care. The purpose of this paper is to present the essential aspects of the philosophy of coordinated health care and the often related concept of integration in the health care system. The starting point for this consideration of the concept of coordinated health care is its origin and its development to date. The paper focuses on the attempts made to implement the concept in the Polish health care system and on the currently formulated proposals concerning this matter.

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Opieka koordynowana, definicja, międzynarodowe doświadczenia jako inspiracja dla Polski

Author(s): Anna Kozieł,Aleksandra Kononiuk,Katarzyna Wiktorzak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2017

Integrated care could be seen as an approach to overcome deficiencies in the care management for people with chronic diseases and frail elderly, while at the same time improving efficiency, quality and effectiveness of the health services provided. In the recent years, focus has been on better coordination and integration among health sectors to manage specific diseases. The solutions we see across the world present integration between levels of care in health but also social sector. New solutions necessitate the overcoming of many boundaries, most notably between different professions, different organizations and different attitudes in both sectors. The many experiences across Europe and around the world have demonstrated that sustainable solutions need a multi-faceted approach, which changes the processes and structures of service delivery just as much as the culture and attitudes of all stakeholders involved. Patients, families and communities need to be actively involved in this process in order to ensure that their needs are met. This article gives an overview of the different examples of the definition and implementation elements of the integrated care and how could Poland benefit from those.

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Zastosowanie konstruktywnych systemów symulacyjnych w szkoleniu i doskonaleniu zawodowym kadr logistyki

Author(s): Grzegorz Gudzbeler,Władysław Przyjemski,Mariusz Nepelski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2.3/2018

The article presents the aspects of the use of training simulation systems for the needs of education, training and professional development of logistics personnel. The aim is to present solutions operating in various industries, primarily in those areas where, due to the high costs of training with the use of real solutions, simulation tools and training methods are developed at a high level. The article contains many practical tips for choosing specific solutions and requirements for them. Especially in the area of driving simulators. The article also presents the current state and the concept of development of training simulation systems for the needs of logistics.

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From Agile Project Management to Agile Organization? – a Literature Review

Author(s): Ewa Sońta-Drączkowska / Language(s): English Issue: 6.1/2018

The concept of agility is one of the major trends influencing project management discipline in the last decade. The purpose of this article is to provide a literature review of the academic literature on agility. Based on the study five categories of research streams were identified: papers focusing on agile software development, papers related to agile project management research, contributions to agility on the organization level, contributions to the application of hybrid approaches, papers discussing application of agile methods for innovation. The major conclusion is that: while there is a relatively large body of research devoted to the discussion of the agility concept on a project level, research on an organizational level is relatively scarce. In the context of the today's’ dynamic environment, agile project management may contribute to increasing the flexibility of organizations as well as better customer orientation. Thus it can serve as a dynamic capability in building organizational ambidexterity and helping to cope with innovation demands.

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Wykorzystanie systemu ERP w centrach logistycznych

Author(s): Małgorzata Oziębło / Language(s): Polish Issue: 10.1/2017

The article aims to underline the important role played by the ERP system in the operation of logistics centers. The taken problem in the article is an important aspect of ordering the planning among others in area. The use of an ERP system contributes to a new quality of activity both in themselves and in cooperation with other companies. The article presents the use of ERP systems in theory and also in practice. Folded, cognitive, theoretical and practical aspects of the work and the realization of the main purpose of the article contributed to the fact that the author had considered a lot of research methods. To most important from them are possible to rank: the school of the literature of the problem and the inspection of current examinations.

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Zastosowanie techniki IDEF3 do mapowania procesów metodyki modułowej zarządzania dużymi projektami opartej na koncepcji łańcucha krytycznego

Author(s): Katarzyna Marek-Kołodziej,Iwona Łapuńka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 10.1/2017

Mapping of large projects management is necessary for their efficient and effective planning and management. Regardless of the fact whether a simple procedure is established or a collection of guidelines for a complex project planning and execution, i.e. a methodology is developed, their appropriate mapping of processes is significant. For this purpose it is necessary to select such a technique of processes mapping, which will facilitate a simple and clear presentation of all processes and sub-processes in the projects management methodology. IDEF3 may be one of the methods, being a complex tool for projects management processes modelling. The technique has been applied in mapping of modules, processes and sub-processes in large projects management module technique. The methodology has been developed for the execution of complex, unique strategic manufacturing and services projects. Application of IDEF3 processes has facilitated presenting clear graphic form of all processes identified in the methodology.

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