Co-producing Community with Disabled Researchers and Citizens: the Challenges and Potential for Successful Collaboration

Author(s): Geof Dix,Sue Hollinrake,Sara Spencer / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The chapter discusses the development of a collaborative research project, involving a service user-led Coalition of Disabled People, a local authority and a local university. The collaboration was set up to inform the Coalition’s strategic planning and to raise awareness of disability issues locally, mapping assets and resources for/of disabled people, as well as needs and resource gaps. The initial pilot of this “listening project” is critiqued here. It adopted an inclusive approach to the differing roles and competences within the project co-ordinating team, whose members worked together to recruit and train disabled researchers and engage a small sample of participants. The project drew on ideas from emancipatory disability research to inform its approach. The discussion evaluates the benefits and challenges of a collaborative approach to data collection, analysis and dissemination of findings, to achieve meaningful change locally, critically reflecting on praxis and the project’s effectiveness.

Francouzská tradice: školka pro každé dítě

Author(s): Zuzana Loubet del Bayle / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

V roce 1990 fungovalo v ČR celkem 1043 veřejných jeslí, v roce 2000 jich bylo evidováno pouze 67 a do roku 2007 klesl jejich počet jen na 49. V souvislosti s porodní křivkou silné generace 70. let se s nedostupností péče o malé děti potýká většina rodičů dětí předškolního věku. Tento problém bude v nejbližších letech přerůstat do prvního stupně základních škol. Ve školním roce 2011/2012 nebylo jen v hlavním městě Praha přijato přes 8000 dětí. Počet předškoláků v hlavním městě Praha i nadále roste, podle očekávání magistrátu tomu tak bude příští dva až tři roky. Stejné zkušenosti mají místní samosprávy v celém Česku. Vzáří 2012 nenastoupilo do školek na 50 000 dětí, které by nastoupit chtěly či potřebovaly. Je zde nastaven přesně opačný trend než ve vyspělých zemích, kde jako ve Francii jsou školky součástí školského systému.

Наставни садржаји који могу угрозити слободу вере

Author(s): Nenad Tupeša / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

In this paper, the author analyzes the impossibility of coexistence of educational contents that are contradictory to one another. The author tries to point at the problem of opposites that originates in the phenomenon of contemporary existence of religious education as an optional subject in the school system of Republic of Srpska and an attempt to introduce new educational content entitled “Sexual education” as an optional subject in high schools in Serbia. According to the Article 40 of the Law on Churches and Religious Associations, “the right to deliver religious education in civil and private elementary and high schools is guaranteed by the law”, which results from the Article 1 of the same Law (Official Gazette of Republic of Srpska, No. 36/2006). The author wants to point at the danger of introducing the subject “Sexual education” in schools, which is in collision with the aforementioned Law, which may endanger the principal moral values of the traditional Churches and religious associations, as well as to cause a negative critique by the society. The rush toward the European way of integrations, which, in the words of professor Panov, demands the sacrifice of real and original moral values for the sake of the propagated moral suspension, is actually a wrong path that has “Sexual education” or, as they named it in the pilot project, “Reproductive health education” as one of its many small stops.

REPREZENTAREA SOCIALĂ A HOMOSEXUALITĂȚII ÎN RÂNDUL STUDENȚILOR ROMÂNI: O ABORDARE STRUCTURALĂ

Author(s): Gabriel Bulboacă,Silvia Briceag,Viorel Robu / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

No social issue has attracted as much attention as homosexuality did. In Romania, scientific research on attitudes towards gay men and lesbian women is still poor.This paper summarizes the main findings of an exploratory study that aimed to determine the social representation of homosexuality among 375 Romanian university students. The participants completed a standardized task based on free association technique. The responses were analyzed lexically and semantically to differentiate the associations from a qualitative perspective. The structural approach was based on prototypical analysis.The results highlighted four dimensions of the social representation Romanian students have about homosexuality: a) a common representation (e.g., a different sexual orientation, boys/men, attraction between two persons of the same sex); b) a dimension related to desirable values of human existence (e.g., love); c) a pathological dimension (e.g., mental illness, abnormality/deviation); d) a religious dimension (e.g.,sin).

COMUNICAREA INTERPERSONALĂ ÎN ORGANIZAȚII

Author(s): Ana Maria Dumitru / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Communication represents a process of interaction between people, groups, as a relation mediated through word, image, gesture, symbol or sign. Through it, individuals share their knowledge, experiences, interests, attitudes, feelings, opinions, ideas. Viewed as a process, communication consists in transmission and exchange of information (messages) between individuals. Communication means to tell those around you who you are, what you want, why you want a certain thing, and what are the means you will use to achieve your goals. Communication is defined as “a process through which a transmitter sends information to the receiver through a channel, in order to produce certain effects on the receiver.” In the present paper we analyze the most important types of communication: intrapersonal communication, interpersonal communication, small group communication, public communication / in organizations and mass communication. The success of communication in organizations depends on its manager, who must be a true manager of his organization's communication system, and this requires a continuous effort on his part in accumulating knowledge and training skills in organizational and interpersonal communication

FORMAREA COMPETENȚEI SOCIAL-AFECTIVE LA ADOLESCENȚI PRIN INTERMEDIUL TEXTULUI LITERAR

Author(s): Aurica Nicoară / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

The formative role of reading is obvious in today's society marked by unrest of all kinds. Reading can and must become a moral support in the turbulent times we live in. All generations can find in reading a continuous life partner, a necessary and surprising way out of the daily labyrinth. From a formative point of view, reading literary texts develops thinking, imagination and the ability to communicate, offering themes and topics for discussion and debate, so encouraging the act of reading must become an imperative of contemporaneity.

Multicultural Education: Ukrainian Challenges

Author(s): Olha Svyridiuk,Svitlana Shumaieva,O. V. Svyrydiuk / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Ukraine is a multinational and multicultural country. Though Ukrainian scientists have studied the issue of multicultural education from different aspects, nevertheless, there is no special or ideal model of multicultural education. That is why we decided to monitor the students’ multicultural education state at secondary schools of Ukraine. In order to identify the state of multicultural education in Ukrainian schools we conducted an empirical study in schools of Cherkasy region among primary, secondary and senior level students. The main method was determined as questionnaire, which is provided for clarification of issues of national-patriotic and multicultural orientation. Accordingly, questionnaires that combined quantitative and qualitative data collection were offered to the 4th, 6th and 11th grade students in some schools in Uman and Uman district, covering 296 respondents. Thus, the monitoring of the state of multicultural education in Ukrainian school education has shown that the problem of multicultural upbringing of children and young people is addressed at the government level, relevant research is conducted, some aspects of multiculturalism are observed in educational programs of some subjects, but the level of multicultural education of students should be higher.

Výtvarný projev předškoláků

Author(s): Pavla Novotná / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Vzpomínám si, jak jsem jako tříletá malovala tento obrázek. Je to jen záblesk paměti, krátká vzpomínka na intenzivní prožívání procesu tvoření. Byla jsem sama v pokoji. Malovala jsem velkého zeleného čerta, snad abych se nebála, abych měla společnost. Pamatuji si radost z práce se zeleně se lesknoucí barvou, která mě uklidňovala, byla veselá, vybízela k další hře. Také spokojenost a pýchu z výtvoru, který se mi přece tak povedl. Vždyť byl jako živý, se všemi podrobnostmi a znaky, které čerta dělají čertem, se všemi detaily a s tím veselým výrazem. Byl to přeci hodný čert, měl své jméno a byl to můj kamarád.

Předškolní vzdělávání a výtvarná tvorba

Author(s): Hana Stadlerová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Potřeba výtvarně zobrazovat, experimentovat, tvořit … provází dítě od okamžiku, kdy začne objevovat svět. Předškolní vzdělávání by mělo využívat této přirozené činnosti, nabídnout dítěti prostřednictvím výtvarné tvorby možnosti pro sebevyjádření, seberealizaci a obecně pro rozvoj vlastní osobnosti. Jestliže se vrátíme k odkazu J. A. Komenského, zjistíme, že již v Informatoriu školy mateřské ocenil přínos výtvarných činností, což potvrzuje následující text: „Mají také do malířství a písařství zavozovány býti hned v té mateřské škole dítky, a to třeba hned v třetím neb čtvrtém roku…, jmenovitě dáváním jim do ruky křídy (neb uhle u chudších), a tím aby sobě punkty, čáry, háky, kliky, kříže, kolečka dělaly, jak chtí… vše za hry a kratochvíle“. (Vybrané spisy I 1958, s. 314).

Jak na to … (utváření vzdělávacích příležitostí prostřednictvím výtvarné tvorby)

Author(s): Hana Stadlerová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Metody a formy uplatňované v předškolním vzdělávání by měly reagovat na autentické zážitky dětí. Jak již bylo řečeno, měly by být i východiskem pro výtvarnou tvorbu dětí. Je třeba si uvědomit, že „zážitek je jen to, co si účastník ze situace vědomě nebo bezděčně pamatuje, může si to později vybavit a nějak se podle toho chovat nebo o tom něco různými formami vypovědět.“ (Slavík 2007, s. 168). Neméně důležité je, aby učitel v předškolním vzdělávání podporoval a utvářel takové situace, které budou dětmi spojovány s příjemnými prožitky. J. Slavík (2007, s. 166) chápe prožitek jako „citovou (emoční) nebo pocitovou složku zážitku. Týká se vnímání tělesnosti (např. svíravý pocit strachu nebo povznášející záchvěv radosti) nebo smyslových či pohybových dojmů (např. zaplavující dojem ze sluncem ozářeného pole ohnice, závan horka, bolest namáhaného svalu). Prožitek není čistě fyzickou nebo fyziologickou záležitostí, je poznamenán kulturními vlivy – část neuvědomovaným působením tradic, konvencí, pojmů i osobního přístupu k nim)“. Příležitosti k učení by měly podporovat kooperativní učení, zároveň by ale měly nabízet dítěti příležitosti projevit individuální dispozice. V předškolním vzdělávání by neměly chybět hravé činnosti, ale také zajímavé podněty pro objevy, které uspokojí potřebu dítěte zkoumat svět. Mateřská škola by měla rovněž vytvořit prostor pro spontánní aktivity dětí, podporovat jejich zájmy. I ty se mohou stát příležitostí pro záměrné výchovné a vzdělávací působení. Rámcový vzdělávací program podporuje popsané přístupy ke vzdělávání, proto hovoří o tzv. „situačním učení, které je založené na vytváření a využívání situací“.

Od výtvarného experimentu k sebavyjadreniu

Author(s): Katarína Tuľaková / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Experiment je krehká, ale dramatická tvorba. Má veľkú ambíciu poznávať a pozmeňovať svet (aspoň ten osobný). Experiment, ako tvorivý proces, má svoju postupnosť, vyžaduje nápaditosť, predstavivosť a schopnosť abstrakcie. Výtvarný experiment ako seba-učenie. Ako skúšanie niečoho nového za účelom dosiahnutia novej skúsenosti, skúšať za účelom tvoriť a premýšľať inak – vedieť. Veľakrát preto tvorba siaha za hranice nie len logiky, ale aj vlastného odboru. Autor pri experimente vychádza z už nadobudnutej skúsenosti, ktorú posúva ďalej. Inšpiruje sa a podnety čerpá mnohokrát z iných odborov. Experiment alebo skúšanie sú založené do veľkej miery na náhode. A ako sa vraví náhoda praje pripraveným, aj v experimente to platí v zmysle, že je dobré poznať základné materiály, postupy a techniky. Tak ako sa spomína v knihe Nelsona Goodmana Jazyk umění: nástin teorie symbolů Constablova veta: „Maliarstvo je veda …, ktorej experimenty sú obrazy. Umelec musí pri zobrazovaní zahrať na strunu zvyku, pokiaľ chce vylúdiť nové objekty a nové spojenia. Ak je zrejmé, že jeho obraz takmer, ale nie celkom odkazuje k bežnému inventáru každodenného sveta, alebo že vyjadruje, ale zároveň sa vzpiera zaradeniu k obvyklému druhu obrazu, potom môže odhaliť prehliadané podobnosti, rozdiely, navodzovať nezvyklé spojenia a do istej miery tak pretvárať svet. A ak zobrazuje úspešne a trefne, ak sú nové spojenia dôležité a zaujímavé, potom skutočne prispieva k poznaniu.“

Na závěr….

Author(s): Not Specified Author / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Proměny vzdělávání – tedy i předškolního – nejsou „pouze“ záležitostí změn kurikulárních dokumentů. Jsou v rukou jednotlivých učitelů, kteří realizují výchovné a vzdělávací cíle v každodenní praxi. Rámcová podoba vzdělávacího programu předpokládá kreativitu učitele. Proto je třeba vytvářet v rámci vzdělávání dostatek příležitostí k rozvoji tvořivých schopností každého jedince. Neomezené možnosti nabízí právě výtvarná tvorba. V realizovaných aktivitách jsme se pokusily nastínit nejen jak tvorba probíhala, ale především jsme usilovaly o zprostředkování přínosu výtvarné tvorby jak budoucím učitelům, tak i předškolákům. Chtěly jsme také ukázat, že kvality a přínos tvoření nejsou závislé na ceně výtvarného materiálu, efektních postupech. Že kromě kresby, malby či modelování výtvarná tvorba může přesáhnout tradiční postupy a typické materiály, může se přenášet i do každodenního života a rozvíjet děti od útlého věku. Děti se totiž neučí pouze pracovat s výtvarnými prostředky, osvojovat si jejich technickou složku. Prostřednictvím tvorby se mohou vyjádřit, reagovat na skutečnost, rozvíjet estetické cítění i vztah k výtvarnému umění. Obohacujícími se tedy stávají zdánlivě jednoduché činnosti, které však nelimitují dětskou představivost, fantazii, tvůrčí odvahu. Díla, kterým věnujeme větší pozornost, nabízejí dětem intenzivní zážitky z tvorby, umožňují osvojení mnoha nových znalostí a dovedností. Především zdůrazňují nemateriální hodnoty získané tvořením.

Literatura

Author(s): Not Specified Author / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Movement and Health in virtual topics of pedagogy practice of Physical Education students at FSpS MU

Author(s): Hana Válková,Marcela Janíková / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The starting point of the article is the question - how to address the pedagogic practices of university PE students at the time of pandemic measures, i.e., the closure of secondary schools and universities and the transition to alternative forms. Overview of standard teaching practices for TV on FSPS according to accreditation valid from academic year 2019/2020 is described as so as innovative inputs are described. Alternative performance in PP1, PP2 and PP3 practices, students pedagogy portfolio consisted of: compulsory activities - compulsory-optional activities – participation in “tripartite”. Tripartite is a specific form for on-line personal communication of all actors of pedagogic practice at a determined school: student – guiding schoolteacher – FSpS tutor. The basic method was the assessment of documents processed by 149 students, participating in alternative (virtual, on-line) format of pedagogical practice, i.e. analysis of their work (portfolio) and methodological sheets, pedagogical diaries and reports, schemes for teaching, video shots. Activities oriented on healthy lifestyle were formulated: theoretical topic, practical exercise focused on: a) fitness, b) relaxing. The analysed inputs were assessed by descriptive statistics. Results show that all 149 students included the healthy lifestyle activities in determined variants in their tasks. It can be deduced students are prepared for teaching this topic. From the other hand students expressed these outputs were the simplest to realize in alternative form. In conclusion students, guiding teachers and FSpS tutors expressed together: despite of the fact the virtual form cannot in any way replace direct pedagogic activity virtually conceived practices were not a waste of time. Outputs oriented on movement and health can also be part of the contents for the period of teaching PE in regular conditions. This idea is in line with WHO's objectives.

VZDELANOSTNÁ ŠTRUKTÚRA OBYVATEĽOV SLOVENSKEJ REPUBLIKY V OBDOBÍ 2001-2021

Author(s): RADOMÍRA HORNYÁK GREGÁŇOVÁ,DANA ORSZÁGHOVÁ / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

The educational structure of the population of the Slovak Republic (SR) is a dynamic system that has been formed over many years and is constantly changing dynamically and will change in the future. The main goal of the contribution was to evaluate and compare changes in the educational structure in the regions of the Slovak Republic within the period 2001-2021, based on the data on the highest level of education achieved by inhabitants of the Slovak Republic. Research data were obtained from available results of the census of inhabitants, houses, and apartments in years 2001, 2011 and 2021. The comparative analysis of the data was carried out by descriptive methods of mathematical statistics using table and graphic presentation of results. Results showed that over the past twenty years, there has been a significant increase in the population of university-educated residents in Slovakia, the number of residents with primary education and with lower secondary education (GCE O Level) have decreased; the share of residents with the complete secondary education (GCE Advanced Level) has remained stable within the population development.

Društvo koje uči kao savremeni koncept u obrazovanju

Author(s): Refik Trumić,Zakira Mulaomerović / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Publication Year: 0

The old conceptual approach known as the "traditional paradigm of education", according to which the professor or teacher thinks and orders, and the students only execute, is becoming a thing of the past. The environment is too dynamic and full of changes for the classical approach to learning and teaching to remain viable and usable in human life. It follows that everyone, both teachers and students, must learn, that is, be ready for the integrative process of lifelong learning. Lifelong learning implies the integration of formal, non-formal and informal learning in order to acquire opportunities for continuous improvement of the quality of life. Young people who are educated within the institutions of the education system in Bosnia and Herzegovina are forced to constantly change and improve their own habits, abilities and skills in order to be as competitive as possible on the labor market.

Specifičnosti i karakteristike inkluzivnog obrazovanja u nastavnom procesu iz ugla nastavnika

Author(s): Muzafer Hadžić,Mirsada Tulumović-Kalajac / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Publication Year: 0

A special problem in regular schools is that all children who have been found to experience or have certain difficulties or special needs are not categorized. In this case, teachers and professional staff do not have any formal obligation to adjust the curriculum. This implies that these students are only integrated, but not included in the teaching process, which is created according to their individual needs and development possibilities. In this paper, the issue of adequate implementation of inclusive educational work is analyzed, with a special emphasis on the importance of including children with disabilities in inclusive education, the role of teachers in the implementation of the inclusive educational process, and the importance of educators', teachers' and teachers' attitudes towards children with disabilities. in development and their inclusion. In addition, the importance and highlighted role of teachers and all other actors of the educational process in achieving the proclaimed goals of social inclusion of children with developmental disabilities was emphasized.

Поремећаји узроковани лезијама на мозгу: афазија, апраксија, агнозија

Author(s): Ružica Savić / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Publication Year: 0

The human organism is a complex system whose parts are responsible for certain functions important for human life. The central nervous system is responsible for the functioning of any part of the human organism. All our functions - movement, breathing, feeding, thought processes, speech, perception, etc. they are under the control of the central nervous system. Speech is one of the higher nervous functions that distinguishes us from other living beings. With the help of speech, we express our thoughts and feelings. Through movement, we get to know the world around us and perform the activities we need for life and leisure. Through perception and senses, we get to know the world around us, its structure and texture, heat, colors, tones, tastes and smells. That is, without all these functions, human life would be completely different. However, on the other hand, there are also disorders of these functions that are caused by injuries, diseases and degenerative conditions, namely: aphasia, apraxia and agnosia. The aim of this paper is to theoretically present the disorders aphasia, apraxia and agnosia, the clinical picture of the disorder and its impact on human life, and the subtypes of these disorders

U susret stogodišnjici OŠ „25. Maj“ Delimeđe

Author(s): Muzafer Hadžić / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Publication Year: 0

The essence of this work is dedicated to the Elementary School "25. maj" in the village of DelimeĎ in Tutina, and its concrete reason is the already completed hundred years of work and existence of this school. However, wanting to cover the topic as comprehensively as possible, the author gave the topic itself a broader context. Namely, in addition to the fact that the concrete course of time and the existence of the school itself through space and time, from its foundation to the present day, is dealt with, the paper pays additional attention to the historical context that preceded the school's creation, as well as demographic trends, geographical environment, and living conditions. , peaceful and troubled times, and socio-political events and happenings in the last three centuries. In the paper, the main emphasis is placed on the elementary school in DelimeĎ and the centenary period of its existence. The essence of this work is dedicated to the Elementary School "25. maj" in the village of Delimeđ in Tutina, and its concrete reason is the already completed hundred years of work and existence of this school. However, wanting to cover the topic as comprehensively as possible, the author gave the topic itself a broader context. Namely, in addition to the fact that the concrete course of time and the existence of the school itself through space and time, from its foundation to the present day, is dealt with, the paper pays additional attention to the historical context that preceded the school's creation, as well as demographic trends, geographical environment, and living conditions. , peaceful and troubled times, and socio-political events and happenings in the last three centuries. In the paper, the main emphasis is placed on the elementary school in Delimeđ and the centenary period of its existence.

Ваннаставне активности и њихов значај на развој ученика прве тријаде

Author(s): Sanjin Buzadžija / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Publication Year: 0

Extracurricular activities are a special type of teaching process, very important for students. Through them, students search for a new way of selfrespect and release of their creative potential. Also, through extracurricular activities, students fill their time constructively and creatively, and in this way they prevent those behaviors that are not acceptable neither in the family, nor in the school, nor in the social community. Extracurricular activities represent other forms of educational work and can be; scientific, social, artistic, technical, humanitarian, cultural, sports and other activities in accordance with spatial and human resources. The goal of this paper is to inform the interested public about the importance of extracurricular activities and their impact on student development, using them as a resource.