China vs. Central Asia. The achievements of the past two decades

Author(s): Aleksandra Jarosiewicz,Krzysztof Strachota / Language(s): English

The collapse of the USSR brought about conditions conducive to the dynamic development of relations between Central Asia and China. These relations have evolved from deep mistrust to the continually growing Chinese presence primarily in the region’s economy but also increasingly in its politics. Central Asia is playing a growing role in those areas of the economy which China sees as strategic (in particular in energy and communications). China’s ambitions and capabilities with regard to new areas and its geopolitical competitors are also being tested here. For the time being, it can be said that China has achieved vast success: its offer is appealing for the region, and Beijing has outpaced its Western rivals and has seriously challenged Russia’s position in the region. It remains, however, an open question whether China will be able to maintain and secure its present achievements and trends, which will be a serious challenge given the eternal instability in the region and Russia’s reintegration ambitions.

Ми смо Немци. Етнички идентитет припадника немачке националне мањине у Војводини на почетку 21. века

Author(s): Aleksandar Krel / Language(s): Serbian

The presence of a German population in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, in the north of the Republic of Serbia, is the result of historical circumstances. They were settled there at the time of the mass colonisation of Southern Hungary and the Middle Danube region in the eighteenth and nineteenth century. This colonisation—aimed at boosting the economic and defensive military capacities of the territories annexed to the Habsburg Monarchy as a result of a series of Austro-Ottoman wars— changed noticeably the ethnic map of that part of Europe. During this highly complex migratory process, large numbers of crafts men, farmers, public servants and army veterans, attracted by enticing benefits, left the German lands/principalities to settle and make a home in the Pannonian Plain. Until the twentieth century most settlers lived in rural areas, functioning as small and rela tively closed agricultural communities. Their members lived abiding by religious principles and observing customs, which helped them to preserve their local German dialects and develop distinctive cultural features. Some of those settled in urban areas made a significant contribution to the economic and cultural de velopment of present-day Vojvodina. After the First World War and the disintegration of the Habsburg Monarchy, the Germans in Vojvodina, Croatia, Slove nia and Bosnia became citizens of the newly-created Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (SCS) and were soon recognised as a national minority. In the interwar Kingdom of SCS (renamed Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929) the German minority made every effort to preserve its ethnic and cultural distinctiveness: many cultural and political organisations were active and productively participated in the public and political life of the country. The defeat of the Third Reich in the Second World War caused much trouble for the German community in Vojvodina. As was the case with the German minority in all of South-East Europe, the participation of many Yugoslavs of German origin in military, paramilitary and police forces which had fought on the side of the defeated Germany led to almost all members of the German minority being labelled as collaborationists and incurring widespread odium as such. For the purpose of punishment, Yugoslav authorities set up camps for mass internment of German Yugoslavs who had not fled before Yugoslav partisan and Soviet Red Army troops. Pursuant to newly-adopted regulations, the internment was combined with the loss of property and civil rights. Only a few thousand members of the German community were exempted from the sanctions and allowed to keep their citizenship and property, usually on account of their own or a family member’s participation in the People’s Liberation Movement (NOP). In the early 1950s the process of dissolving the camps and repatriation took place. As most members of the German minority chose to emigrate to Germany or Austria, in the mid-1960s there remained in Yugoslavia only a small number, and mostly concentrated in Vojvodina. Their position was gradually improving, but the hardships they had experienced and the strong antiGerman sentiment in the wake of the war led them to opt for the strategy of ethnic mimicry. In that period, the Germans of Vojvodina consciously concealed their own and publicly demonstrated ethnic identity symbols of the ethnic communities that enjoyed an advantageous social status. Their ethnic mimicry strategy was made much easier by the markedly multiethnic, multicultural and multilingual character of Vojvodina, and the transfer of ethnic identity symbols was also bolstered by a high rate of ethnic exogamy and their shared religious affiliation with members of neighbouring ethnic communities.

Етнички односи Срба са другим народима и етничким заједницама

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Slovenian,Serbian

Chiny w polityce zagranicznej Stanów Zjednoczonych w latach 1911-1918

Author(s): Jan Pajor / Language(s): Polish

The intention of the book is to present the policy of the United States towards China and ascertain the position of Peking in the American foreign policy between 1911 and 1918. The author considers various aspects of the problem against a background of political changes taking place in both countries and diplomatic struggle in the First World War period. The book is based on unpublished materials from the Library of Congress and the National Archives at College Park, as well as printed sets of documents and vast literature on the subject.

Građanin Blagus

Author(s): Saša Blagus / Language(s): Croatian

Kontrarevolucionarni građanski rat iz devedesetih u Hrvatskoj još uvijek traje. Istina, vodi se drugim sredstvima, ali još uvijek traje. Znakova izlaska iz »olovnih vremena« ne da nema, nego je na djelu intenziviranje izuzetno regresivnih društvenih kretanja. Prije 14 godina sam počeo iskazivati neslaganje s rušenjem svih temelja društvenih odnosa i države koji su u sebi nosili klicu mogućnosti ozbiljavanja istinske ljudske zajednice, premda sami to još nisu bili. U njima je ipak bilo, kako je govorio Milan Kangrga, »nekaj ljudskog«. Svrha rata koji je Tuđman nazvao domovinskim bila je gušenje baš te mogućnosti. Imao sam potrebu protestirati ne samo protiv brutalne restauracije kapitalizma koja je eufemistički nazvana tranzicijom, nego i protiv naleta historijskog revizionizma kojemu je cilj rehabilitiranje i eventualno oživljavanje zločinačke NDH. I zaista, rat je imao sva obilježja nastavka »velikog čišćenja« koje u Drugom svjetskom ratu nije uspjelo. Radikalno zlo je ponovno eksplodiralo; ono prirodno, divlje, nagonsko, sirovo, surovo, još-ne ljudsko nadvladalo je slobodu, duh i um. Suočili smo se s materijaliziranim fantomom – ovdašnji, samonikli oblici nacizma i fašizma, ustaštvo i četništvo, ponovno su oživjeli kako bi zgazili duh evropskog moderniteta na ovim prostorima.

Who is a normative foreign policy actor? The European Union and its Global Partners

Author(s): Michael Emerson,Natalie Tocci,Daniel S. Hamilton,Radha Kumar,Andrey S. Makarychev,Brantly Womack,Hakim Darbouche ,Sandra Fernandes,Ruth Hanau-Santini,Ian Manners,Gergana Noutcheva,Clara Portela / Language(s): English

This publication investigates “Who is a normative foreign policy actor?” It forms part of a new project intended to explore fundamental aspects of foreign policy at the global level, against the backdrop of a proliferation of global actors in the 21st century, following half a century with only one undisputed global hegemon: the United States. The European Union is itself a new or emerging foreign policy actor, driven by self-declared normative principles. But Russia, China and India are also increasingly assertive actors on the global stage and similarly claim to be driven by a normative agenda. The fundamental question explored is how will these various global actors define their foreign policy priorities, and how they will interact, especially if their ideas of normative behaviour differ?

Dva doma. Hrvatska radna migracija u Njemačku kao transnacionalni fenomen

Author(s): Jasna Čapo / Language(s): Croatian

Der vorliegende Band analysiert Umstände und Folgen der kroatischen Arbeitsmigration nach Westdeutschland in den 60er und 70er Jahren des 20. Jahrhunderts. Bekannt unter dem Begriff Gastarbeitermigration wurde diese Wanderung in der ersten Zeit als vorläufige Beschäftigung der vornehmlich jüngeren männlichen Population mit niedriger Berufsqualifikation realisiert, in der Folge entwickelte sie sich aber zu einem längerfristigen Verbleib sowie Nachzug ganzer Familien nach Deutschland. Das Buch enthält Kapitel über Migranten und ihre Nachkommen, die sogenannte transnationale Generation in Deutschland. Die Grundlage für das Buch lieferten die mit Kroaten in Deutschland geführten Gespräche in der Zeitspanne von 2002 bis 2017. Dabei werden Schlüsselthemen und Metaphern erörtert, die aus dem Leben der Kroaten im Aufnahmeland (damaliges Westdeutschland) und dem Herkunftsland (damaliges Jugoslawien, heute Kroatien und Bosnien und Herzegowina) entspringen, aber auch jene, die sich aus dem transnationalen sozialen, jenseits der staatlichen Grenzen geschaffenen Raum herleiten.

№75 A Comparative Analysis of Regulations on Involuntary Loss of Nationality in the European Union

Author(s): René de Groot,Maarten Peter Vink / Language(s): English

This paper deals with loss of citizenship of the European Union (EU) due to the loss of nationality of an EU member state. Only the nationals of a member state possess European citizenship; the loss of nationality of a member state thus also implies the loss of European citizenship. Member states are in principle autonomous in nationality matters, which means that their rules on loss of nationality, and loss of EU citizenship, differ considerably. But member states must respect international law and the general principles of European law when dealing with loss of nationality. This report aims to provide a comprehensive and systematic comparative analysis of existing regulations and procedures in EU member states with regard to the involuntary loss of nationality.

Civic Integration of Third-Country Nationals. Nationalism versus Europeanisation in the Common EU Immigration Policy

Author(s): Sergio Carrera,Anja Wiesbrock / Language(s): English

‘Civic integration’ programmes and tests for third-country nationals (TCNs) have increasingly become part of member states’ legislation implementing EC immigration law and the EU Framework on Integration. The civic dimension of integration consists of various programmes and tests requiring TCNs to demonstrate that they know and respect the receiving society’s history, institutions and values. This paper assesses the tensions inherent in the relationship between civic integration programmes and the principles of legal certainty, proportionality and non-discrimination. This paper compares national immigration legislation in four member states – Denmark, France, Germany and the Netherlands. It studies the personal and material scope of civic integration provisions as well as the political justifications promulgated by their governments for introducing these kinds of policies. This comparison enables us to identify the common deficits of these member states’ policies. We argue that by providing a supranational venue for the transferring and legitimising certain national policies that use civic integration to restrict immigration, the legitimacy and coherency of the EU immigration policy is profoundly affected by the same deficits.

Critical Race Theory. Impact on Black Minority Ethnic Students within Higher Education

Author(s): Dilshad Sarwar / Language(s): English

This book is an attempt to address the notion of Critical Race Theory (CRT) and the underlying parallels with the experiences of Black Minority Ethnic Students (BMEs) under the guise of Widening Participation policies and practices within the realms of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). The book attempts to explore and compare the post entry academic and social inclusion concepts for BME non-traditional students. The author carried out an extensive level of investigation through her PhD titled “Critical Race Theory A Phenomenological Approach to Black Minority Ethnic Students within Higher Education Institutions”. Moreover, the author within the PhD work identified the habitus structuring models and the academic and social constraints applied within HEIs. This book attempts to illustrate the impact of CRT upon the recruitment, retention, race and racism, learning and teaching themes which are embedded within HEIs. Themes at macro level, meso and micro levels are investigated.

Класици, изгнаници, емигранти

Author(s): Lyubka Lipcheva-Prandzheva / Language(s): Bulgarian

No literature is so big or so small as to exist in one language only. Translation both as an independent research field and as an effective analytical lens lies at the core of this study. The introductory part outlines the wide range of theoretical models which are related to the study of translation transfer (or of translation “paraphrase” should we choose to employ romantic categories). It introduces the concept of translation memory that aims to encompass the complexity of information which a text in translation yields. On one hand these are the particularities of the two contexts in which the translation occurs (the field of literary sociology), on the other these relate to those stylistic choices in the act of translation as an act of interpretation which shape the quality of the cultural transfer (the realm of the poetics of translation). The goal of the study is to demonstrate how efficient the activation of this translation memory is, and can be, for national literary history through the German translations of Bulgarian authors. The case studies included in the book cover nearly 140 years of literary history in Bulgaria – from the first attempts towards constructing a new national literature in the 1880s to current literary events. The approach undertaken here follows and traces the trajectory of dynamically widening readings of national literature. The study bounces off the epicenter of those texts which shape its canonical body(Vazov, Yavorov, Yovkov), then it touches upon the intentional and/or forced residence of authorial texts within the linguistic world of others (Kiril Hristov, Hristo Ognyanov, Dimitar Inkyov in the German speaking context) and concludes with the polyphony of bilingual and/or multilingual writing aimed at multilingual reading (Dimitar Dinev and Iliya Troyanov among a number of others).The translations are discussed through a dynamically changing analytical prism. The case studies rely on the personal archives of the authors as well as their translators and the records of publishing houses; the analysis recruits facts that appear in memoirs and correspondence. The interpretation offers synchronous reading of journalistic, political and literary texts. At times the comparative reading of authorial and translated texts includes the so-called “back” translation which allows us to throw in stark relief the interpretative will of the translator. In some cases comparisons are drawn between translation storylines in other linguistic contexts: Russian, Czech, Croatian, French, etc. When awoken and semantically decoded, translated memory allows for a multifaceted reconstruction of cultural overtones at the respective temporal junction. What is more, it builds visions that are surprisingly different from the familiar (internally contextual) historiographical stories about the same periods (for instance the 1890s, the 1930s or the 1990s). This gradually widening its scope reading focuses on literary identity and its translated construction. The book follows the storylines of those textual/linguistic/cultural transfers which carve the status of the Patriarch of Bulgarian literature for IvanVazov; which lead to the inception of the Tatar-Bulgarian and his coveted Slavs and dream-like or real Germany (in the plural) with Kiril Hristov; which preserve the language of the symbolists so that the Bulgarian biographer of St. Francis could find his tongue (Hristo Ognyanov); which create dissidents, agents, and collectors of worlds… That is, all those figures of Bulgarian literary history that were born in the overtones between at least two languages .

Topoi umjetnosti performansa: lokalna vizura

Author(s): Suzana Marjanić / Language(s): Croatian

The book The Topoi of Performance Art: A Local Perspective (Durieux, HS AICA, 2017) by Suzana Marjanić is a follow-up on the research of performance art from a local perspective, which I sought to integrate in the book The Chronotope of Croatian Performance Art: From Traveleri until Today (Bijeli val Association, Institute of Ethnology and Folklore Research, Školska knjiga, 2014), structured as the first review of the history of performance art in Croatia focusing on the performative energies of individual centres (e.g. Zagreb, Varaždin, Osijek, Dubrovnik, Split, Rijeka, Labin, Pula). By changing the chronotopic perspective to that of motif and subject, in the book The Topoi of Performance Art: A Local Perspective I seek to explore performance art within the framework of its dominant topoi ranging from personal (personal mythologies) to political (criticism of political ethno/myths). While relying on the very political dimension, as the motto of the book I have chosen the statement of Igor Grubić on the occasion of his anonymous individual action Black Peristyle (held in the night between January 10 and 11, 1998), which was the first action and provocation supported by Croatia’s civic initiative of the 1990s and an action of exceptional civic courage. (author) “The edition you are holding in your hands is a different book in terms of content and organisation – many of the texts it contains were written and published following the finalisation of the Chronotope, and focus on specific subjects present in performance art or regard the performance works in relation to other genres and contexts outside or on the margins of that which we conventionally label with the term visual art. The author sovereignly tackles the analysis of the intertwining of performance art and experimental and pop music, performing arts, feminist and environmental activism, struggle for animal and human rights, as well as phenomena such as terrorism, refugee crisis, and other key political and social issues of our time.” (Marko Golub, editor)

Gender and Identity

Author(s): / Language(s): English

Koliko se poznajemo?

Author(s): / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian

Ako perspektive sociologije u Bosni i Hercegovini ovise o njenom mjestu u obrazovnom sustavu, na sveučilištu, i od empirijskih istraživanja, onda su perspektive sociologije vrlo slabašne. Zato ne iznenađuje da imamo tako malo istraživačkih studija o tome što se desilo i dešava s promjenama društvene svijesti među stanovništvom Bosne i Hercegovine u posljednjih dvadeset godina. A tu su, bar tako izgleda, promjene bile velike. Narodski rečeno: nevolja i pamet mijenja.

Alternativni izvještaj o primjeni ICERD u Republici Hrvatskoj

Author(s): Ljubomir Mikić / Language(s): English,Croatian

This alternative report has been drafted with the aim of examining the implementation of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD) in the Republic of Croatia. It represents an alternative source of information with reference to the country report on the implementation of the Convention for the period 2007 — 2018. The substance of the report is focussed on the practical application and effects of selected provisions in the Convention with regard to Serbs, who make up the most numerous ethnic minority in the country. Serbs' position in the Croatian society is largely determined by the legacy of inter-ethnic intolerance and the armed conflict of the early 90s, due to which they have been continuously exposed to greater risk of racial discrimination in relation to other social groups. The Alternative Report comprehensively lists the weaknesses and problems in the implementation of national anti-discrimination regulations and policies. It places a special emphasis on considerations regarding adequate investigation, prosecuting and sanctioning, as well as public condemnation and prevention, of hate speech and violence against Serbs. While recognising that a certain degree of progress has been achieved during the reporting period, the Alternative Report also draws attention to the still-present problems of sustainability of the return and reintegration of Serbs who had fled, or had been displaced, their access to their rights, as well as the inconsistent and problematic process of realising certain legally guaranteed rights and freedoms. The report suggests that the Croatian authorities' public expressions of dedication to the struggle against racial discrimination need to be substantially and comprehensively reaffirmed by consistent and decisive action to implement anti-discrimination regulations and policies, which is as yet lacking, as well as prompt and unambiguous public condemnation of inter-ethnic violence and hate crime, hate speech and other manifestations of intolerance towards Serbs.

Chinese Arctic Narratives: How Chinese Media is Approaching the Nordic-Arctic States

Author(s): Viesturs Bērziņš / Language(s): English

The world we live in is constantly changing. As Heraclitus once famously stated: ‘The only thing constant is change itself’. History has shown us that certain geographical regions can suddenly become the centre of attention. A territory that has caught international attention recently is the Arctic. A frozen, fairly untamed area that is mostly known for glaciers, polar bears, and endless wilderness is starting to emerge as a centrepiece of the global agenda. Minerals, vast waters for fishing and shipping, as well as strategic importance are some of the Arctic’s key points of attraction. Many states have expressed interest in extending their reach and developments in the Arctic. Yet, one of the states that is actively participating in Arctic endeavours is attracting more scholarly attention than the others – China. Not only is it located nearly 1500 kilometres away from the Arctic Circle, it also has one of the fastest growing economies in the world. This has led some experts to wonder whether it is possible for Arctic states to remain in complete control of the contested region. China’s interest in the region has resulted in it becoming one of thirteen observer states of the Arctic Council. The organisation can be considered the de facto most important intergovernmental forum for Arctic affairs.

MIROVNI POTENCIJAL RELIGIJA I MEĐURELIGIJSKI DIJALOG KAO SREDSTVO ZA UNAPREĐENJE POLITIČKOG DIJALOGA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI

Author(s): Arijana Aganović,Sarina Bakić,Alen Krstić / Language(s): Bosnian

A publication before you is created with the aim of bringing inter-religious dialogue and the religions’ peace potential closer to youth who are involved in politics in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Looking at the political participation as an activity in which young people usually have a secondary role, through acting in youth forums in their political parties, in election campaigns or through civil society organizations, it appears that young people are involved in political life, however, their ideas and attitudes are not used in the best way, i.e. in decision-making bodies. the Although political participation of youth is a burning issue in our society, this publication will not directly deal with but it, but it will focus on another important topic that is often misused for political purposes - religion, or more precisely inter-religious dialogue and religions' peace potential through the perspective of young people. Religion is often covered as a topic in political life, but in a negative context, using stereotypes and prejudices in order to create an atmosphere of intolerance and gain profit for political purposes. Therefore, with this publication we will try to compensate for the lack of resources on inter-religious dialogue and the peace potential of religions and their importance for the advancement of political dialogue. The publication is intended primarily for young politicians and activists from civil society organizations who deal with issues of political responsibility and political participation. It will serve as a manual for including the peace potential of religions and inter-religious dialogue in the political engagement of youth.

MEĐUNARODNI NAUČNI SKUP: KNJIŽEVNO DJELO MEŠE SELIMOVIĆA

Author(s): / Language(s): Bosnian

Odjeljenje humanističkih nauka ANUBIH organiziralo je 26. aprila 2010. godine međunarodni naučni skup posvećen književnom djelu Meše Selimovića, redovnog člana Akademije nauka i umjetnosti BiH i Srpske akademije nauka i umjetnosti, jednog od najznačajnijih romansijera s prostora bivše Jugoslavije. Na skupu, koji je održan povodom 100. godišnjice Selimovićevog rođenja, učestvovali su kritičari iz Bosne i Hercegovine, Hrvatske, Njemačke, Velike Britanije, SAD i Poljske. Skup su financijski podržali Grad Sarajevo i Općina Tuzla. Knjiga “Književno djelo Meše Selimovića” predstavlja zbornik radova sa tog skupa.

Slovanský literární svět: kontexty a konfrontace III: Motiv domova ve slovanských literaturách

Author(s): / Language(s): Slovak,Czech

Post-conference proceedings “Slavonic Literary World: Contexts and Confrontations III” with the subtitle “Motif of home in Slavonic literatures” consists of 15 papers of doctoral students from 5 European countries. In compliance with the thematic focus of the conference the authors deal with the motif of home in variety of connections, therefore their works bring the new impulses to present state of knowledge and their works illustrates the tendencies and directions of young generation of Slavists.

Od Jugoslavije do Dejtona – Spomenici i kultura sjećanja kroz uticaj društveno-političkih sistema, Priručnik za predavače historije/istorije/povijesti

Author(s): Nerzuk Ćurak,Edin Radušić,Amra Čusto,Amir Duranović / Language(s): Bosnian

Considering that education is important for the future of young generations, during 2017 UDIK worked on the handbook From Yugoslavia to Dayton – Monuments and the culture of memory through the influence of socio-political systems. The aim of this handbook is to contribute to building a culture of memory of the population on the war events of the nineties and to the prevention of unplanned and massive construction of monuments through education about the monuments to the victims of war that were created during that time period and after it. Five experts from the fields of history, security and peace studies, political science and communication sciences participated in the creation of this handbook, namely: Edin Radušić and Amir Duranović – Faculty of Philosophy, University of Sarajevo, Nerzuk Ćurak – Faculty of Political Sciences, University of Sarajevo, Amra Čusto – Cantonal Institute for the Protection of Cultural, Historical and Natural Heritage Sarajevo and Edvin Kanka Ćudić – UDIK Sarajevo. Attached to this manual is work material intended, as well as the entire manual, for all those who work with students in order to use this handbook and use specific examples to help their students better understand the monuments and the culture of memory in Bosnia and Herzegovina and beyond.