Around the Bloc: Food producers warn of further price rises unless a new truck tax is scrapped.
Food producers warn of further price rises unless a new truck tax is scrapped.
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Food producers warn of further price rises unless a new truck tax is scrapped.
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HRW says Dmitry Tikhonov was detained and beaten after recording people being sent to work the cotton harvest.
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The research results on the estimate of the changes inthe consumption level of basic food products and beverages by rural households in the period 2000-2012and the expected consumption in 2020 are presented in this study. A comparative analysis is performed of theconsumption of city and village households, with enclosed methodology for index factor analysis and theforecast approach of ARIMA modeling. Conclusions are made on the changes that have occurred in structureand content of nutritive and caloric ingredients, consumed by village inhabitants; the degree of influence ofprice indexes and the food product quantity on the consumption index in terms of value; the forecast quantitiesof food products and beverages, expected to be consumed by rural households and the structure of theircaloric content by 2020.
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This paper suggests a holistic approach for analyzing, assessing and improving the system of eco-management in the modern stage of development of Bulgarian agriculture as a specific system for governing human activity for protection of natural environment. The principal mechanisms and modes of agro-eco-management are specified, the factors for agro-eco-management are identified and stages in improvement are described, which is perceived as a permanent, not a temporary process. Approaches and indicators for assessment are proposed, aiming at minimizing the overall costs for eco-management. The goal is to facilitate the interdisciplinary analyses and estimations in this sphere in order to contribute to improve the social policies, the forms of social intervention and public ecoprograms, as well as the individual, business and collective strategies and activities for sustainable development of this sector under the conditions of a dynamically changing social, economic, institutional and natural environment.
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This paper suggests a holistic approach for analyzing, assessing and improving the system of eco-management in the modern stage of development of Bulgarian agriculture as a specific system for governing human activity for protection of natural environment. The principal mechanisms and modes of agro-eco-management are specified, the factors for agro-eco-management are identified and stages in improvement are described, which is perceived as a permanent, not a temporary process. Approaches and indicators for assessment are proposed, aiming at minimizing the overall costs for eco-management. The goal is to facilitate the interdisciplinary analyses and estimations in this sphere in order to contribute to improve the social policies, the forms of social intervention and public ecoprograms, as well as the individual, business and collective strategies and activities for sustainable development of this sector under the conditions of a dynamically changing social, economic, institutional and natural environment.
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The article examines a controversial question in the textual history of the Slavonic translation of the Byzantine Nomocanon XIV titulorum, viz. the fact that the Peasants' Law, the Rhodian Sea Law and the Procheiron are mentioned in the table of contents of the Efremovskaja Kormčaja but are absent in the text. It is unlikely that this absence is due to interference of the Slavonic translator or subsequent copyists. More plausible is the assumption that the Ecloga with its appendix and the Procheiron were not included in the Greek prototype of the Slavonic translation. In other words, the Greek manuscript used for the Slavonic translation of the Nomocanon XIV titulorum already contained the discrepancy between the table of contents and the content itself. Two arguments support this hypothesis. The first argument is the textual tradition of the Slavonic book of canon law, whose legal and additional articles are usually taken from one particular Greek manuscript. The second argument is the textual tradition of the Nomocanon as a type of collection containing ecclesiastical legislation (canons) and civil laws (nomoi). The analysis of the Greek collection of canons shows that almost all of the manuscripts analysed have a similar content, and yet they are not identical, especially as far as the additional articles are concerned. The prologue and the index form a unity that turns out to be a less important and, therefore, more stable part of the miscellany.
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The results from a research of the aggregate consumer’s attitudes concerning changes of the factors “income” and “time” in the process of market consumer’s demand of foods and soft drinks are presented here. The formula of satiety has been established. Through it the aggregate subjective norm in the behavior of aggregate subject of market demand and the economic results from its action have been determined.
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The results from a research of the aggregate consumer’s attitudes concerning changes of the factors “income” and “time” in the process of market consumer’s demand of foods and soft drinks are presented here. The formula of satiety has been established. Through it the aggregate subjective norm in the behavior of aggregate subject of market demand and the economic results from its action have been determined.
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The controversial law requires supermarkets to locally source at least 51 percent of many products.
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Impacts of the March 2011 earthquake, tsunami and Fukushima nuclear accident in Japan on country’s agriculture (farms and agrarian resources) and food sector are assessed. The extent of radioactive contamination of agri-food products is presented. Effects on markets, consumers and international trade are evaluated. Responses of different agents are summed up, progress and challenges in post-disaster recovery and reconstruction assessed, and lessons from the Japanese experiences withdrawn.
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The author analyzed the situation, mechanism of action and stakeholders of unorganized wholesale agricultural markets in Bulgaria. He examined the impact of the state (laws, regulations, infrastructure,control, etc.) on some traditional and well-developed subsectors in Bulgarian agriculture. The conclusion is that the unorganized agricultural markets can be used successfully by farmers when there are a sufficient number of buyers at a price, that covers the expenses incurred, and farmers have warehouses for storage and have the opportunity to wait for higher prices. It was found out that the simultaneous implementation of these conditions is difficult because they are seldom available.
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The basic function of agricultural areas is, according to the European Charter for Rural Areas, agriculture and preservation of the natural environment based on a well-functioning agricultural sector that operates in harmony with nature. The Council Regulation (EC) 1257/1999 on support for rural development from the European Agricultural Guidance and Guarantee was adopted in 1999. The programmes that are currently binding in the territory of Poland were developed in accordance with the EU policy expressed in the abovementioned acts and other documents concerning development of rural areas. These included: the Rural Development Programme that focused on social and environmental aspects, as well as a part of the Sectoral Operational Programme devoted to the development of rural areas, as well as restructuring and modernization of the food sector. Based on the priorities of the Council regulation, two strategic objectives have been set: 1) Improvement of competitiveness of the agriculture and food economy, 2) Sustainable development of rural areas. Implementation of these objectives requires the support of the Common Agricultural Policy. Polish European Union membership contributed to setting its objectives and increasing the ability to subsidise economic entities, as well as develop both the food and rural areas economy.
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The paper refers to a diplomatic controversy between Brazil and the United States that took place in the late sixties of the 20th century. The reason of the dispute layed in a fact of exporting processed soluble coffee by Brazil to the USA at very competitive prices. The US processors didn’t have access to law grade coffees, which served as a raw material to fabrication of soluble powder. The US processors forced the Department of State to counteract that situation. As a result the USA government blamed Brazil of discriminatory trade practices and violating free trade. The controversy was put under the consideration of the International Coffee Organization. The proceedings coincided with the twilight of the American aid programme for Latin America called Alliance for Progress. The controversy was an instance of growing suspicions and deteriorating relations between Latin America and the USA, which changed its foreign policy in that region from supporting development of democracy in the continent toward backing up military regimes.
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A dynamic and wide-spread civilization progress of the contemporary world is on the one hand a source of welfare and development of human beings, but on the other hand it may result in different threats, including the ones linked to the environment pollution. The environment pollution may be of a specific character connected to the presence of chemical, biological or radioactive substance, having a negative impact on people, animals or nature. The aim of the article is to present the interdependence between chemical accidents and the ecological security. At the outset, an ecological security has been defined. A chemical disaster has been described as a consequence of chemical accidents in qualifying the ecological security. Secondly, chemical accidents which took place in the XXth and XXIst centuries and their consequences have been illustrated. Chemical accidents, pointed out in the article, resulted in downgrading and devastating the natural environment. The chemical disasters influenced a different approach in defining the ecological security. Not only the liquidation of chemical disasters’ results should be taken into consideration as it has been emphasized in the previous definitions, but also actions aiming at preventing the threats should be included when defining the ecological security. A literature analysis has been adopted as the main research method in this article.
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The study addresses the issue of organization and profitability of different distribution channels of rape. The research was carried out in 2014 on the basis of a questionnaire using directed interview in 74 farms involved in the cultivation of oilseed rape, located in the warmińsko-mazurskie (38) and pomorskie voivodeship (36). The research shows that the producers of rape exploited various distribution channels. Their kind of depends on the scale of production. Most farmers sold rape in the farm (34%) and to industrial plants (34%). The economic situation was most profitable in farm selling rape in the farm. A different situation occurred in farms supplying rapeseed to processing plants. According to the producers of rape the big impact on its economic results has situation on the market, export opportunities and direct payments.
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Today the logistics could be an efficient method for increasing the food production and food processing and they could combine all the elements of food production sub-complex into the single chain providing conditions not only for domestic production and consumption of this strategically important products but also provide a great deal of export flows. In our opinion it is logistics that can consolidate separate components of economic mechanism and provide conditions for structural and functional balance and efficient institutional foundations. When operating logistics flows we can develop optimal cause and effect relationship among the elements that would finally create effective system. As a primary step that would enable to achieve a totally new level in logistics for the food production of Ukraine, the new scheme for transformation mechanism of logistics system in food production sub-complex of Ukraine has been suggested. It is based on “virtualization” of material flows among certified food products storehouses.
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The food supply chain connects the activities whose primary purpose is to ensure the satisfaction of buyers and profit companies participating in the movement of goods and services from the sphere of primary agricultural production (farmer) to the consumer. The food supply chain is characterized by a large variety of entities in its composition. It includes manufacturers, suppliers, transport companies, ware-houses, wholesalers and retailers, service organizations, and consumers. Changes occurring in the food market are usually cyclical. The level of retail prices in the food market and the relationship between their level of individual supply chain are also characterized by cyclical.The aim of this article is to examine occurring the relationship between the market prices of meat in each supply chain of meat products and determine their direction. In the studies the Granger causality test will be helpful.The time horizon of the analysis covers the period 2010-2014.
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Machines currently used in the process of wood harvesting and skidding achieve high operational efficiency, depending on their actual time of operation. The publication describes the most important organizational factors determining operational productivity. The authors pointed out the fragmentation of forest complexes – that have a negative impact on the results of high efficiency machines operation - as well as the size and location of the jobs in the forest district. Described theoretical considerations formed the basis to carry out preliminary simulation calculations. In these calculations following information were used: size and location of the selected tasks in the forest district. Considering the economic efficiency of the use of modern, specialized, high-performance machines for wood harvesting particular attention to the organization of the work should be paid. Most important factors are the distribution and size of the tasks and locations of equipment garage.
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The article considers the problem of an efficient system of agricultural logistics formation that is currently in Ukraine in the process of development. Demand for logistics integration in modern conditions becomes a necessity while further agricultural sector development without implementation of logistic functions becomes ineffective. In the logistics system formation in the agricultural sector purely market institutions for the coordination of relationships are of crucial significance. Government policies can act as a catalyst for the creation of logistic chains. Macro level requires state regulation mechanisms for the sustainable use of limited resources and socio-economic development of territories. The negative factors of logistics development in Ukraine are the lack of licensing, available IT-solutions, outdated stocks, poor training of specialists. Thus, in today's agricultural environment, logistics is a new concept that is undergoing significant changes in short period of time.
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