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Domowe repozytoria

Author(s): Małgorzata Roeske / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2017

The aim of the paper, based on ethnographic fieldwork, is to analyze the relation between matter and space of museums and home repositories, namely attics. The author discusses the phenomenon of storage of things that are seemingly useless, and considers the areas in which the concept of home repositories may be relevant to a museologist. The main point where some convergence can be found between these seemingly different spaces is the function of storing things. These objects carry memory about the past, constitute sense of identity and belonging in a national, local, genealogical and individual dimension.

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SPECIFICS OF MORAL CHOICES MADE BY CHILDREN AGED 6 TO 8 YEARS IN SITUATIONS WITH ETHNOCULTURAL CONTEXT

Author(s): Irina Victorovna Sushkova,Evgeniya N. Gerasimova,Angelica Nicolayevna Pronina / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

The paper describes the experimental study of the children’s specific moral choices from several perspectives. The quantitative and qualitative results of the study were assessed through comparison of the diverse kinds of correct and incorrect moral choices in children aged 6–7 years old and 7–8 years old, the specifics of these choices revealed through resolving two types of specially designed situations with ethnocultural context, namely the situations requiring the child’s personal engagement (situations of moral choice) and depersonalized situations (situations with moral challenges, such as “Continue the sentence”).

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NIEDOSTOSOWANIE SPOŁECZNE – POJĘCIA I RODZAJE

Author(s): Joanna Leśniak,Marzena Jakubek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 5/2017

A phenomenon of social maladjustment should be assessed through a more general problem of adjustment, i.e. human relation with the environment, which shows the complexity, multiple layers, universality and a broad semantic scope of the term. Long-term maladjustment leads to frustration. Refusing to accept maladjustment and not implementing any preventive measures on time only increases the risk of social maladjustment. Social maladjustment is not equivalent to crime, although crime is most often the final stage of maladjustment. On the other hand, maladjustment includes many manifestations of deviation and social pathology, which constitute a violation of moral and moral norms, are not included, and are not legally prohibited. It has a negative influence on the process of education and the execution of life plans and expectations. The life and quality of an individual human being should be the primary motive for preventive actions, as well as the interest of the whole society as its protection serves all human beings.

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NIEPEŁNOSPRAWNOŚĆ INTELEKTUALNA – TERMINOLOGIA I OBECNE UJĘCIA

Author(s): Joanna Leśniak,Marzena Jakubek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 5/2017

There is a worldwide tendency in the disability vocabulary to add the „with” conjunction between the type of and the person affected by it. A normal treatment of a person with problems shows their true value and integrity. No matter what the name of the disability is – it exists regardless of any labels. Terminology is not a question of language but mostly depends on the peoples’ attitude towards the disability itself. This terminology includes the personality and all aspects of a person’s life. It indicates an unfavourable situation, which a person is faced with, and which results from a damage or disability that is limiting or preventing his/her role. Classification of intellectual disability is important for research and practical purposes. It enables you to customize the environment and its requirements to the intellectual ability of a person with intellectual disability. The current approach is rather broad and includes dysfunctions in the intellectual, cognitive and emotional area. Such general and comprehensive approach to intellectual disability is based on the holistic theory about the unity of body, psyche and the intellect. Improper functioning or even a small deviation in one of the three aspects is suggestive of a disorder, disability of a human being.

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MOJA DROGA DO SIEBIE: W PERSPEKTYWIE NARRACJI HUMANISTYKI WSPÓŁCZESNEJ

Author(s): Tomasz Karpiński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 5/2017

My paper deals with childhood therapy and problems with access to it through the prism of contemporary humanities. Text was inspired by lectures by Prof. Lech Witkowski, whom I am a student, in the first year of pedagogy in Kujawsko-Pomeranian Higher School in Bydgoszcz.

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Pingwin czy orzeł? Społeczny charakter wiedzy na przykładzie kalifornijskiej Doliny Krzemowej

Author(s): Bartosz Mika / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2017

The article makes an attempt to systematize and add some points to the discussion on the economic success of the California Silicon Valley. The paper argues that the source of its prosperity lies in successfully overcoming three well-known economic problems: the innovator’s dilemma, Arrow’s paradox, and transaction cost. At the same time, using the concept of clusters and the specific example of the Silicon Valley, the article seeks to demonstrate limits of the theory of knowledge-based economy.

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Makdonaldyzacja jako metoda organizacji życia społecznego

Author(s): Jan Gondek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 27/2017

The paper attempts to draw attention to social consequences of the phenomenon of McDonaldization. George Ritzer’s consideration of consumption explicitly indicates how absolutely vital McDonald’s is nowadays. Subsequent market areas following McDonaldization have a considerable impact upon diverse non-economic aspects of the contemporary social organization, particularly to the extent of culture. Specific economic conditions, that are characteristic for the workflow in the value chain of McDonald’s, have been assigned to other companies. In the background of that phenomenon, a new pattern of social organization emerges on the grounds of cultural homogenization, volatility, dehumanization, and economization. Therefore, McDonaldization may serve the purpose of contemporary society research policy.

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Wymuszone małżeństwo w wyniku porwania w krajach Azji Centralnej

Author(s): Kacper Milkowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2017

It would seem that the twenty-first century is a time in which the marriage is concluded only with love, and the woman herself can decide whom she will marry. Author of the paper presents the phenomenon which is the abduction of women for marriage. History proves that kidnapping wives have been practiced all over the world. Today, this tradition has survived primarily in Central Asia. The phenomenon of forced marriages by abduction occurs in Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. Bride kidnapping is a violation of basic human rights. This state of Central Asia are signatories to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, which forbid this type of acts It should combat all manifestations of this kind of phenomena in the world. The publication shall define the phenomenon. Central Asian states bound by many treaties, but has not led to the introduction of effective legislation. In the publication the author shall identify the factors that influence the perpetrator. Presented are also criminal law in these countries. It is worth noting that as a result of the occurrence of this kind of inhumane phenomenon occurs very frequently that the injured person is a child.

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Rezerwat polskich Indian

Author(s): Jerzy Sosnowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 671/2018

Trzeba wymyślić taką polskość, która będzie polskością XXI wieku, nie zaś wieku XIX czy XVI. Polskości otwartej na wpływy innych kultur i wzajemnie na te kultury wpływającej. To nie może być wizja narodu zahipnotyzowanego własną przeszłością, zamienionego w żywą skamielinę.

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Sanescobarczycy i mesjaniści – my, Polacy

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Sanescobarczycy i mesjaniści – my, Polacy

Author(s): Sebastian Duda / Language(s): Polish Issue: 671/2018

Ci, którzy wielbią „wieczną Polskę”, podpierając się chrześcijaństwem, w swej znakomitej większości dobrze wiedzą, że ostatecznie nie chcą mieć w swojej wspólnocie „rodzimych niewiernych”. Być może zatem pod presją polskich mesjanistów (czy wskutek działań obecnie rządzących) Polska stanie się w Europie rezerwatem.

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UMYSŁ VS. UMYSŁ 2.0. SPOŁECZNE KONSEKWENCJE WZMOCNIENIA POZNAWCZEGO

Author(s): Artur Gunia / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2017

Superintelligence is one of the main ideas of transhumanism philosophy. To put this idea into effect we need to improve the capabilities of the human mind and brain. One possible approach is cognitive enhancement, defined as the amplification or extension of core mind capacities through improvement or augmentation of either internal or external information processing systems. In general, cognitive enhancements are all activities aimed at improving and expanding basic human capabilities by improving and supplementing cognitive systems. This includes intelligence and attention improvements, reinforcement of creativity and memory, and extension of the range of perception. Cognitive enhancement may be accomplished by various methods both invasive and non-invasive. Those methods can be divided into five basic groups: neuropharmacological, genetics, “natural”, social prevention, and computational. Transhumanism optimists are of the view that cognitive enhancement has a positive influence both on individuals and on society. Conversely, bio- and techno-conservatives are apprehensive about the idea.The article presents the concept of cognitive enhancement, including methods and ways of implementation. The main purpose is to present social consequences of cognitive enhancement. The article raises the following matters: (1) Opportunities and threats of cognitive enhancement both for the individual and for the society: should we improve human nature? (2) is cognitive enhancement a tool of the new eugenics, and who can be enhanced? (3) the availability of the cognitive enhancement methods: should it be regulated? (4) cognitive en- hancement as a biopolitical tool: could mind improvement technologies become an apparatus of social control?

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MUSEUM AS A VISUAL LAB? CULTURE-TECHNOLOGY NETWORKS IN CBIR PROJECTS

Author(s): Anna Olszewska,Joanna Gancarczyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2017

Should any museum or scientific library consider itself as an information technology laboratory?This article explores the lives of several pioneering museum and library projects focused on digital image retrieval techniques (CBIR). The research aims to contribute critical evaluation of museum and information technology domain relations in the field. The outcomes may be applied in the planning of future co-operative endeavours. The analysis begins with a discussion of projects in which a museum or library played the role of data pro- vider for image analysis development and testing (i.e. SWIC, Collage, SHREW systems). This is followed by a study of schemes focused on technology and implementing a standard image search methodology used for access to museum collections (i.e. QBIC, Artiste). The final part of the paper deals with the projects animated by museums or libraries themselves (BSB, Oxford Ballads Online, PrintArt) and the example of a consort that focuses on the specific type of visual resources (the Bernstein project).

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THE WIZARDS AND THE MAN-EATERS: THE WHITE MAN’S DARK LIES IN STEVENSON’S SOUTH SEA FICTION

Author(s): Joanna Małecka / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2017

The article analyses the imbalanced power-relations between the native inhabitants and the British colonizers in the South Pacific Isles as portrayed in Robert Louis Stevenson’s South Sea Fiction. It is argued that parallel to Stevenson’s detailed historical descriptions of the isles, the South Sea Fiction engages critically with the British colonial discourse as well as with the ideologically-informed accounts of the isles that had been circulat- ing in Europe following James Cook’s expedition. In the resulting fabulous entanglement of the white man’s narratives and the native stories, the disproportion in powers gives advantage to the white man’s sinister tales.

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POTRZEBY CZY ZASOBY? NURTY DIAGNOZOWANIA KULTURY NA POZIOMIE GMIN

Author(s): Paweł Tomanek,Kaja Rożdżyńska-Stańczak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2017

The paper discusses selected results of a research project on cultural assessments in Polish municipalities. A dis- tinction is drawn between two general approaches to participants in local culture and their relationship with public cultural institutions. The perspective of cultural needs effectively translates into assessing cultural preferences of participants and their expectations concerning the activity of public institutions. Such an ap- proach implies a ‘one-dimensional’ concept of cultural needs and relegates cultural participants to the role of passive recipients. The perspective of cultural resources focuses on individual qualities and collective forms of capital conducive to cultural activity. This approach yields a more empowering picture of cultural participants as potential partners in public institutions and contributors to local culture.

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Новија истраживања породице у Социолошком прегледу – допринос јачању дисциплине

Author(s): Jovana M. Čikić,Ana Lj. Bilinović Rajačić / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 1/2018

The paper analyzes 72 texts relevant to the sociological study of the family, published in the Sociološki pregled/ Sociological Review journal in the period between 2000 and 2017. The analysis includes a quantitative overview of the dynamics of work publishing, characteristics of authorship, representation of topics relevant to the sociological analysis of the family, as well as a qualitative overview of the research context. Special attention is given to papers analyzing the relationship of the family and related concepts (kinship, marriage, reproduction, gender, generations, parenthood), as well as those which focus on the impact of macro social processes and changes on aspects of family functioning. The concusion presents findings on development tendencies within the discipline, as well as the characteristics of sociological study of the family in Serbia.

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Социолошки темати Боже Милошевића у Социолошком прегледу

Author(s): Biljana Milošević Šošo,Mile Vukajlović / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 1/2018

The authors point to the contribution of Božo Milošević’s to Serbian socio-logical thought, through his scientific papers published in the journal Sociološki pregled/ Sociological Review, since the end of the 1980s until today. His contribution is mostly reflected in the advancement of the theoretical foundations of the Sociology of Work, without neglecting any other sociological topics necessary for essential understanding of contemporary social processes and relations.

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The Task of the Translator in Times of Dismantling the Social. Zygmunt Bauman and Active Utopia

Author(s): Szymon Wróbel / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

The author presents the figure of Zygmunt Bauman as a public intellectual and a translator. Following Walter Benjamin and his essay "The Task of the Translator" and Jacques Derrida and his text "What Is a 'Relevant' Translation," the author concludes that a public intellectual as a translator is persistently confronted with the task of translating statements and postulates from the "language of politics" into "language of practice" and "individual experience," from the "language of science" into the "language of collective action," and from the "language of sociology" into the "language of the media." The author claims that the key category in Bauman's thinking was neither "liquidity" nor "modernity," but "socialism as active utopia." For Bauman, socialism is impossible without a socialist culture, but culture is a practice, i.e. it is an attempt to attune our collective goals aimed at improving the social world. This alignment comes without resorting to the idea of a collective conductor (a program), but by means of resorting to the idea of a translator.

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Consumerist Culture in Zygmunt Bauman's Critical Sociology: A Comparative Analysis of his Polish and English Writings

Author(s): Dariusz Brzeziński / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

In this article I analyze Zygmunt Bauman's oeuvre on consumerist culture, from the Polish (1953-1968) and English (1968-2017) stages of his scholarly career. I demonstrate that despite the passage of many years and the numerous changes in the way Bauman approached sociology, it is possible to see considerable overlap between the interpretations that he advanced in the two periods of his career. In the first part of the article I focus on how Bauman's observations-dating back to the sixties and relating to the theory of culture, Marxist theory, and the method of ideal types-found their reflection in what he called the "consumerist syndrome" (seen as a set of properties permeating all planes of social life). In the second part of the article I highlight the fact that his observations were inspired by a model of critical sociology that evolved from Antonio Gramsci's "philosophy of praxis" and utopian thinking of an iconoclastic nature. And even though my analysis focuses on the denotative and conative dimensions of Bauman's vision of consumerist culture, I also present more general conclusions regarding the continuity and variability of his entire sixty-plus years of scholarly activity. The article offers an opportunity for English-speaking readers to become familiar with Bauman's Polish writings and should encourage further research in this area.

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From Relational Space to Engagement-Desiners' Ethics and Responsibility in the Light of Empirical Research

Author(s): Paulina Rojek Adamek / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

The main goal of this article is to present the contemporary designer's profession in the scope of its personal definition of ethic and social responsibility. In order to deal with, it will be showed some empirical data from own sociological research conducted among Polish professional designers. The opinions have described their attitude to the problem and made possible endeavoured to place collected opinions in broader, relational context of this profession. To bring more clearity to the matter, there will be also presented the definition of design, differentiation of roles undertaken by contemporary designers and their influence on shaping the material environment of human life.

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The perception of Sexually Provocative Advertisements of American Apparel by Generation Y in Poland

Author(s): Anna Gruczyńska,Paweł Bryła / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

In this paper we show results of a survey aiming to study the attitudes of young Poles towards sexual appeals and ethical issues in advertising on the example of American Apparel. A strong majority thought that the use of sex appeals was provocative and distasteful. The negative feelings about a sexually provocative advertisement of American Apparel were not compatible with the respondents' opinion about the ad. There were some notable gender differences. More women than men thought of the ad as distasteful and immoral. More women were indifferent to shockvertising, while more men were rather negative. Women thought more often than men that ethical problems in advertising should be solved using legislation and that ethical problems in advertising are culture bound.

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