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Na obrzeżach pola literackiego. Komentarz do „Bibliografii przekładów literatury bułgarskiej w Polsce w 2014 roku”

Author(s): Magdalena Pytlak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

This article is a comment on the bibliography of literary translations from Bulgarian to Polish in 2014. The analysis uses the concept of field by the French sociologist, Pierre Bourdieu. According to Bourdieu’s theory cultural production depends on particular social actors and institutions. Adapting the theory to the situation of translated literature, the author of the article analyses all the circumstances of publishing Bulgarian literature in Poland in 2014, inter alia — publishers, authors, translators, critics, as well as the official cultural policy of Bulgaria.

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СИМЕОН В ПЛИСКА

Author(s): Hristo Trendafilov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 17/2017

The article includes two mutually connected studies dedicated to the following problems: The return of the Bulgarian prince Simeon form Constantinople and his activities in the capital of Pliska before his coronation in 893. Evidence is produced that during that time he has probably managed the princely chancellery and has been in charge of the correspondence in Greek language. The activities of the first two literary schools (what we call protoschools) in Pliska and the writing of the first (Greek) version of the treatise About letters as a common achievement of the two schools. The work follows the traditions of the Greek scholia and the current pamphlets and epigrams in Byzantine literature. These two studies set the main task of our article. In the last study we pay attention to the second and the third version of Chernorizets Hrabar’s treatise, already written in Old Bulgarian (Slavic) language.

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ХИМНОГРАФСКИЯТ КОНТЕКСТ НА КЛИМЕНТОВИТЕ АКРОСТИШНИ ПОДПИСИ В ПОХВАЛЕН КАНОН ЗА СВ. БОГОРОДИЦА

Author(s): Tereza Gercheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 17/2017

Hymnologys studies of XX century, and the beginning of the XXI century, are primarily focused on researching and summarizing hymnographyc heritage of the Old Bulgarian writers of the Golden Age and lasted manuscript tradition until later XV and XVI century. The discoveries prove the literary activity of hymnographs both literary centers in Bulgaria during the earlest the time of the Old Bulgarian Christian culture - Preslav and Ohrid. The findings also show that one of the most explored Slavic hymnographs is Kliment Ohridski. Another unknown hymnographic work of Kliment Ohridski was found – Commendable canon of St. Mary Sunday aloud 2. However, in the canon model in additron to the both achrosignatures of Kliment also contains achrostichs with the names of Naum, Boyan and Boris. The time of the creation of the Commendable canon of St. Mary, and may be the period it was worked on in Octoechos or over. The first three are known as disciples of Cyril and Methodius and the fourth can be assumed to be the Bulgarian ruler. Weather creating laudable canon of Mary, and perhaps the period in which the work on texts or Octoechos over all Slavic collection (?) was probably between 886 and 893. All these facts reaffirm the opinion in himnology that works in major liturgical collections - Mineos and Octoechos are the result of collective creative activity of hymnographers from the Golden Age, and probably before that.

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ПРИТЧАТА ЗА ТРИМАТА ПРИЯТЕЛИ И НЕЙНИЯТ ВЪЗМОЖЕН ДУАЛИСТИЧЕН ПРОЧИТ (в препис на Повест за Варлаам и Йоасаф от библиотеката на Рилски манастир)

Author(s): Nevena Georgieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 16/2016

The article discusses Parable of three friends in a copy of the Story of Barlaam and Joasaph, stored in Rila Monastery. Shown is the possible spread and revision of the text among Bulgarian dualists. It is noted defference between the text of the parable of РМ 3/14 and 208 Solovetsky. The text of the "Parable of the three friends" could be perceived as sermon to the "perfect" Bogomil to listeners who meet the teaching to reach dedication of "believers" but not yet ready to become ascetics to leave home and family. It is not excluded and likely interpretation of the parable as an instruction to "perfect" Bogomil to "believer" who wants to achieve a level of "perfect".

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ПОДНОВЕНИЯТ ВЪЗРОЖДЕНСКИ АНАХРОНИЗЪМ ЗА ПОКРЪСТВАНЕТО НА БОРИС I В ДВА РАЗКАЗА ОТ ПОРЕДИЦАТА НА ХУДОЖЕСТВЕНА БИБЛИОТЕКА „ДРЕВНА БЪЛГАРИЯ”

Author(s): Iveta Rasheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 16/2016

In the works printed in Library “Ancient Bulgaria” in the 20s and 30s of 20th century the lessons of patriotism have to be revised. The bridge between the past and the present again steps on the coasts of the legendary: Bulgarians have a glorious past, the Bulgarian nation has a big cultural and political potential and therefore has a bright future. The image of the ruler is idealized. The authors of the library “Ancient Bulgaria” introduce themselves as Paisius’ protégés. This way, absolutely naturally, they renew the Renaissance anachronism of the baptizing of Boris I by St. Methodius.

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КОНЦЕПТЪТ ЗА УЧАСТИЕТО НА СВ. КИРИЛ И СВ. МЕТОДИЙ В БЪЛГАРСКОТО ПОКРЪСТВАНЕ ВЪВ ВЪЗРОЖДЕНСКАТА НИ ИСТОРИОГРАФИЯ (XVIII В.)

Author(s): Iveta Rasheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 15/2015

The Renaissance is that period of our history when the idea of time is changing. It is not a constant anymore. The Bulgarians want change. More like an outside expression of change. Because the inside change is already there. The moral and the moral priorities are changing. The nation is being born and it’s being emancipated. The first corpus (of compilation texts by Paisius, Yeromonah Spiridon and the anonymous compiler of the Zographian history) is a particular mythocompiler. “Slavonic-Bulgarian history” represents St. Methodius as khan Boris’s spiritual teacher. Yeromonah Spiridon tells that St. Cyril is a direct participant in the baptizing of the Bulgarian army in Tzarigrad, while the anonymous zographic compiler points out that Methodius sends Boris in Tzarigrad for a baptizing. The added hoax lets out a secondary mythology. This is a mythology that “legitimizes” past events. The reborning nation is rewriting its history hard, while at least leaving one real event in it and builds the fable around it.

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АЗБУЧНИ АКРОСТИХОВЕ В СТАРОПЕЧАТЕН МИНЕЙ ЗА ЯНУАРИ (1876 Г.)

Author(s): Tereza Gercheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 15/2015

Akrostics Old monuments are explored not only as a archeographic material, and as an indicator of perception and adaptation of Byzantine hymnocreation – a model in the Slavic spiritual culture. Himnology is interested not only in the earliest manuscripts but early printed editions, preserved the Christian liturgical books in the time. A survey was made in connection with the re-issue of old- liturgical books in which three were found hymnographic texts with alphabetical acrostic, in the composition of the Canons of celebrate memory of the saints in January Incunabular hymnographic a monthly book. The first volume of the pass, Russian version, on which this study is made, is stored in the departmental library of Stara Zagora Bishopric and was released in 1876 by the Holy Synod of the Russian Orthodox Church. In this edition of the Incunabular book for January 9 to the earlier Canon St. Polievkt is probably added around the seventeenth century and divine the Worship of St. Philip, Metropolitan of Moscow. Similarly, for January 31-st to honor the memory of St. Bezsrebrenitsi and miracle workers Cyrus and John, later in the XVI - XVII century is added the Worship St. Nikita Kyiv Pechersky, Bishop of Novgorod. Object of this Incunabular work are three alphabetic akrostics found in these two later hymnological works. In the hymnological work of St. Nikita, the alphabet is built in two canons, as in the second acrostic is reversed, ie alphabet is located in the reverse order tropars. In the ninth song of both canons the Author signature of the scribe is read who created hymnological works, dedicated to the Novgorod bishop.

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ХРИСТИЯНСКИТЕ ЦЕННОСТИ В БЪЛГАРСКИТЕ СРЕДНОВЕКОВНИ ЖИТИЯ НА СВ. ЙОАН РИЛСКИ

Author(s): Silviya Arizanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 15/2015

The present article discusses the Christian values which are presented in the Bulgarians medieval lives of St. Ioan Rilski. This work is focused on the National vita, Prologue lives of the Saint and those written by Patriarch Euthymius and Dimitar Kantakouzenos. Some of the virtues are pointed out directly, others are implied by actions taken or shown per the negation of their opposites. Many of them remain unchanged over the centuries, but depending on the time and volume of work, the emphasis is on one or the other virtue. The writing, reading and listening to these hagiographical writings works had direct impact of moral development and values in Bulgarian society. Therefore, the study is an attempt to look into the spiritual world of the Bulgarians and their perceptions of good and evil. Of course, they are formed under the direct influence of the Christian religion.

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ТЕКСТОЛОГИЧНИ ОСОБЕНОСТИ НА РАЗКА ЗА ЧУДОТО НА СВ. ГЕОРГИ С БЪЛГАРИНА

Author(s): Denitsa Petrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 18/2018

Story St. George’s miracle whit the Bulgarian is writhed in the beginning of the 10th c., when appears the original Bulgarian historical literature. Primary it exists in Bulgarian language and after it enters in the cycle of stories Tale for the Iron Cross as fourth miracle. The St. George’s miracle whit the Bulgarian was object of research of a number of scientists, but there are some obscure questions. At the moment are known 2 copies of the vast redaction and 12 of the short. Analyze shows that probably the copies of the vast redaction in reality are a shortened variant of the unpreserved primary version without some paragraphs. May be in the first variant the story was uniting the Miracle whit the Bulgarian and the Miracle whit the woman. The copies of the vast redaction have not a common source. Subsequently is made a secondary redaction, from which descend the two redactions of the Miracle whit the Bulgarian. Differences between the copies and their macrotextual structure show that they are extracts from different manuscripts, contained the Tale for the Iron Cross, and they have not direct dependence. Consequently the St. George’s miracle whit the Bulgarian has just one real redaction – the short variant of the story. Each of the copies has his specialities and we have not to restore the firs redaction. May be a part of the historical information is lost, but the text is a certificate for the attitude of the Bulgarians to the history.

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СИМВОЛИКАТА НА ХИПОДРУМА В СВЕТОВНА ХРОНИКА НА ЙОАН МАЛАЛА

Author(s): Yordanka Moskova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 18/2018

The paper analyzes the hippodrome model in John Malalas’s World Chronicle. It studies the reason for the appearance of horse races at the time of Romulus’s reign. It comments on the issue why the author of the story does not hide the names of the pagan deities. The idea is, that through the symbolism of the hippodrome John Malalas presents the continuity between Hellas and Rome and in this way gives proof of the ancient roots of the Eastern Roman Empire – Byzantium. There is also an emphasis on the fact that the story of the hippodrome in John Malalas’s Chronicle could be the grounds for specifying the time of the translation from Greek into Old-Bulgarian.

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НОВООТКРИТИ ХИМНОГРАФСКИ ТВОРБИ НА СВ. КЛИМЕНТ ОХРИДСКИ В ОКТОИХА

Author(s): Tereza Gercheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 18/2018

The hymnological discoveries of the last decade have made significant progress in researching of the hymnographic work of Old Bulgarian scholars from the Cyrillo-Methodian Age and the time of Simeon's Golden Age. In this work are presented works containing an acropod, which I associate with the only scholar known in the Slavic hymnography with the name Clement. I consider this fact is the reason why the newly proposed texts should be referred to the literary work of St. Clement, Archbishop of Ohrid. It concerns three canons of the composition of the Slavic Otokiyah as follows: Canon of the Most Holy Mother of God, on Sunday of the Voice 4; Canon for the Angels, Monday on Voice 4 and Canon for the Dead, Saturday on Voice 7. The three hymns are devoted to various memoirs and have different voices, which proves once again the active participation of St. Kliment Ohridski in the writing of the texts in the Oktoigha - one of the main liturgical collections.

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СЛУЖБА ЗА МЕТОДИЙ ОТ КОНСТАНТИН ПРЕСЛАВСКИ И СЛУЖБА ЗА ТЕКЛА – ЕДНА ВЪЗМОЖНА ВРЪЗКА

Author(s): Greta Stoyanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 18/2018

The article comments on the possible connection between Service for Methodius by Konstantin Preslavsky and Service for Tekla (based on a transcript from RGADA – No. 84 and 85). The grounds for such a supposition is the mention of St Tekla’s name in Service for Methodius by Konstantin Preslavsky, as well as in the intertextual connection within the framework of The Holy Virgin’s trope of the 6th song in Service for Methodius and the 3rd antiphon of 9th song in Service for Tekla based on transcript No. 84 from RGADA. On the basis of all this it is assumed that the translator was Konstantin Preslavky. This hypothesis is confirmed after deciphering the acrosignatures in Service for Tekla. In song 9 of Service for Tekla one could read the initials К and Н, which can be deciphered as Kliment or Konstantin. The connection between Service for Methodius and Service for Tekla can be found in two ways: hymnographic – through the probable signature of Konstantin and through intertextual connection between the two services (within the framework of The Holy Virgin’s trope of the 6th song in Service for Methodius and the 3rd antiphon of 9th song in Service for Tekla. Other probable decipherings of the acrosignatures in Service for Tekla – those of Naum and Kliment – have also been proposed.

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ИЗДАТЕЛСКИЯТ ПРОЕКТ НА ШВАЙПОЛД ФИОЛ И ДЕЛОТО НА КИРИЛ И МЕТОДИЙ

Author(s): Desislava Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 18/2018

The article comments on the first Cyrillic incunabula printed in the 15th century in Krakow by Schweipold Fiol. An interesting parallel from a historical point of view could be drawn connected with the motives about the first translations of Cyril’s works as well as Fiol’s motives about publishing his books. There is also the matter concerning the publishing of Orthodox liturgy books in the capital of Catholic Poland by the Catholic Fiol. An attempt has been made trying to find out whether the printer’s project has any connection with the first translations of Cyril and Methodius’s works.

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ДВА ЕТАПА НА ПРЕДВЪЗРАЖДАНЕТО В БЪЛГАРИЯ

Author(s): Hristo Trendafilov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 18/2018

The article discusses the two stages of the Pre-Renaissance in Bulgaria as an ideological movement and their manifestations in literary and historical monuments. In the first of them, the Hagiology (Житието) of the Serbian prince Stefan Lazarevic is being analyzed. It is written in 1431 by the Bulgarian writer Konstantin Kostenechki the Philosopher (Constantine of Kostenets) and is called by us Biography – Chronicle. In this work the influence of the ancient culture can be clearly discerned and generally the new traits of European Pre-Renaissance in relation to the Human and History. The second stage of the Bulgarian Pre-Renaissance takes its course in XVII century. It is represented by authors well educated in Italy, Bulgarians by birth and of Catholic faith. They write works in Latin which are dedicated to the Bulgarian history and oriented towards the religious and patriotic propaganda among the Bulgarian Catholics in Northwest Bulgaria. This Pre-Renaissance is closer to a degree to the Baroque but in Bulgaria it applies above all to the architecture, especially in Plovdiv. Due to political and religious reasons both stages of the Pre-Renaissance neither develop nor turn into a Renaissance. The evolution of the Bulgarian Renaissance in XIX century is in broad outlines self-contained.

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СВ. СВ. КИРИЛ И МЕТОДИЙ: ПРЕДТЕЧИ НА ЗЛАТНАТА ЕПОХА (РАЗМИСЛИ ВЪРХУ НЯКОЛКО ПРОИЗВЕДЕНИЯ НА ИВАН ВАЗОВ)

Author(s): Iveta Rasheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 18/2018

The mythology-anachronism of Paisius of Hilendar about the Baptizing of Bulgarians directly by St. Methodius is part of the works of lots of Bulgarian Renaissance authors and has been developed as a figurative construction in different genres. What is interesting is that it has even been used by Ivan Vazov. This work looks at a few not-so-famous texts by him (“The Big Day”, “11th May”, “Tzar Boris and the Idol Worshippers”) in which, by this figurative construction, St. Cyril and St. Methodius are taken as Baptists, ancestors of the Golden Age of Bulgaria and saviors of our nation in later times. It is not the details that are important to Vazov but the very existence of this fiction, its spreading and most of all the perception of it by Bulgarians. He realizes the need of this legend that turns into a myth and brings pride, hope and confidence in many Bulgarians. Because the Renaissance is that part of our history when the idea of our historical events changes. Bulgarians both subconsciously and consciously want change. More like an external expression of change: they want freedom and national identification in the modern European world.

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АВВА МАКАРИЙ И СВЕТЪТ ОТВЪД ТОЗИ СВЯТ (ЗА ПЪРВООБРАЗНИЯ „ЗЛАТОСТРУЙ“)

Author(s): Dimitar Kenanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 19/2019

This study summarises the author’s way to finding the initial contents of the famous translated anthology of homilies by and excerpts from John Chrysostom. It was compiled by the educated Bulgarian ruler, Tsar Simeon the Great (893–927) and was translated in the 9th century, after 893. The exceedingly apt title of Zlatostruj (literally „Golden Stream“) is a symbolic expression of the of the blessed word of Chrysostom and the book surely has the objective to transform the unenlightened Bulgarian people by means of persuasion, not by force, as it was until 893. The initial translation featured 45 homilies. This thesis is confirmed by two Vilnius copies of the Zlatostruj from the Monastery of the Annunciation in Supraśl, currently located at the library of the Wróblewski Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences in Vilnius, Lithuania. This thesis is confirmed by newly discovered copies. The texts of Abba Macarius’ Word and the Nameless (popular) passional of St Ivan Rilski (St John of Rila).

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ЗА ТАКА НАРЕЧЕНИТЕ ДОБАВКИ НА ЕПИСКОП МИХАИЛ ДЕВОЛСКИ ВЪВ ВИЕНСКИЯ ПРЕПИС НА ИСТОРИЯТА НА СКИЛИЦА

Author(s): Ancho Kaloyanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 19/2019

We suggest a new attribution of Skylitzes‘s Synopsis Istorion fragments, known only from the Vienna manuscript (Vienn.74) and attributed so far to Bishop Michael Devolski in 1118. Namely, that the majority of the fragments belong to Skylitzes‘s text, written by 1057, but that they were obliterated between October 1080 and May 1081, when Alexios Komnenos was proclaimed king. The comparison between the obliterated fragments and Michael Psellos's stance in his speeches and Chronographia proves that this operation (the obliteration) was done precisely by him.

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РИМСКИЯТ ПАТЕРИК, БЪЛГАРСКИТЕ НАРОДНИ ПРИКАЗКИ И МОТИВЪТ ЗА „ПОДСЛУШАНИЯ ДЯВОЛСКИ СЪБОР“

Author(s): Greta Stoyanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 19/2019

The article comments on the motif of the eavesdropping devil’s fair, which became known in Bulgaria, probably, in the IX century, with the translation of the Dialogues of Pope Gregory (Roman patericon), also spread through the Arched patericon. This motif can also be found in the Bulgarian folklore, as well as in their recognized versions, and as an artistic interpretation. This, somewhat, poses a question of possible influence of the Roman patericon, upon the Bulgarian folklore by using motifs or events. The narrative itself in the Roman patericon is quite similar to the folklore - the storylines are entertaining, with miracles that correspond to some extent to the magical motifs of fairy tales. It is assumed, that the possibility of finding separate stories from the Roman patericon, in the oral culture of monastic society has also been popularized outside of a larger and more diverse audience. In the given folklore, in vitae, in the stories of the Roman patericon, and in the modern interpretations, a common scheme is emerging in the stories, but each narrative is subordinated to the particular specifics of the exhibition, dictated by ideology, historical situations and author's individuality.

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„СЪБОРИТЕ“ НА ИНДИЙСКИЯ ЦАР АВЕНИР И НЕГОВИЯТ СИН ЙОАСАФ – ОБСТОЯТЕЛСТВА И ПОСЛЕДИЦИ

Author(s): Nevena Georgieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 19/2019

The article examines two moments of nationwide gatherings noted in The Tale of Barlaam and Yoasaf . The councils, at the command of King Abner and King Joashap, are important highlights from the story of the two kings. The consequences of these meetings are also significant for their countries. The story of the "councils" included in the narrative story of Barlaam and Joasaph directs the reader's / listener's thought to the rules of the New Testament apostles and functions as a topos. It is noted how the religion adopted in the kingdom as dominating will also affect its state organization and legal arrangements.

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НЕИЗВЕСТНИ АКРОСТИХОВЕ В СЛАВЯНСКИЯ ОКТОИХ (2 ЧАСТ)

Author(s): Tereza Gercheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 19/2019

As a part of the Slavonic Octoich, Prayer Canon for the Holy Mother of God, on Friday in voice 3 is a work in acrostich which consists of several Old Bulgarian hymnographers signatures. The first part of the article, published in “Luboslovie”, Volume 19, presents a study about the signatures of Stoyan and Boyan. In this second part of the edition, further hypotheses are presented. According to them, the signatures of Naum, John, Sovi, and Ovidi are also included in the acrozone of the canon. In accordance with the data presented in the study Stoyan, Boyan and Naum may be considered to be one of the first students and collaborators of the first teachers Cyril and Methodius. The fact that, along with their names in the acrostic space, the signatures of the Sovies and Ovids (unknown hymnographers) are included gives reason to think that they are also a part of the Cyril and Methodius Circle of Literature.

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