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La lecture du folklore dans la dramaturgie moderniste bulgare et dans le théâtre symboliste européen

Author(s): Dina Mantcheva / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2017

Bulgarian Modernist drama is discussed in the context of the two most representative traditions in European Symbolist theatre – the Francophone and the Slavonic (Russian and Polish) ones – to point out its aesthetic similarities and specific originality. The analysis focuses on the principles underlying the selection and structuring of the two types of folklore plots (fairy tales and legends), used on all stages where idealistic plays have been produced. The study charts out the similar interpretations of the popular basis and its structural importance in all modes of writings. However, the national and social connotations in Bulgarian theatre, inspired by its own cultural context, differ from the Francophone metaphysical forms and mark out its relationship with the Russian and Polish versions. Finally, Bulgarian plays strengthen the eclecticism, characteristic of the Slavonic stage, and make use of some vanguard trends (parody, ambiguity, buffoonery), which transgress certain aesthetical postulates and announce the further evolution of the European stage tradition.

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Pieśniowe interpretacje wybranych wierszy Paula Verlaine’a. Analiza porównawcza utworów Ireny Wieniawskiej oraz Gabriela Faurégo, Claude’a Debussy’ego i Maurice’a Ravela

Author(s): Anna Al-Araj / Language(s): Polish Issue: 02 (33)/2017

The aim of this article is to interpret songs by Gabriel Fauré, Claude Debussy, Maurice Ravel and a less-known composer − Irena Wieniawska (1879−1932), based on the same poems by Paul Verlaine. In the first part of this paper, the relationships between Wieniawska, Fauré, Debussy, Ravel and Verlaine are subsequently described. Then, the author makes a comparison between selected songs by French composers and Madame Poldowski, indicating main similarities and differences. The final part consists of some remarks related to the fact that Wieniawska fulfills features of the French mélodie very strictly. This is why her songs seem to be more traditional, not so allusive and sophisticated as Debussy’s or Ravel’s vocal works

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„Тартюф“ – дървото на съвестта, когато къщата се окаже тясна

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„Тартюф“ – дървото на съвестта, когато къщата се окаже тясна

Author(s): Daniela Borisova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

The text deals with the idea of conducting a lesson based on a real novel as an opportunity for active participation of students. Shown is the ability for students to build hypotheses, organize their discussion, create logical reasoning, seek argument from the literary text and find their graphical image. The research done, the new vision of learning material, enhances the lesson learning. The production of aesthetic material leads to emotional satisfaction in children.A practical development of lesson, based on the novel “Tartuffe”, is shown.

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Artists’ Books as a Means of Cross-Cultural Transfer

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Artists’ Books as a Means of Cross-Cultural Transfer

Author(s): Vassilena Kolarova / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

The article studies the artist's books of some of the most famous writers and painters of our time George Badin and Michel Butor.

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Le bilboquet, un badinage dangereux ? Une étude sur Le Bilboquet de Marivaux

Author(s): Pan Jingxuan / Language(s): French Issue: 13/2023

The “Le Bilboquet” of Marivaux illustrates the social frenzy incited by this game at that time. Driven by resentment against the bilboquet, which distracts his mistress, the narrator elaborates on how Madness has conquered the people of Europe through this frivolity. Through the depiction of the contagion of the game, we could observe how the pleasure it brings and the mimetic desire of men contribute to the success of the bilboquet. The social disorder resulting from this ludic frenzy leads us to question the nature of the game: is it merely an entertainment or does it actually represent a danger? Such a trifle could have grave consequences, in line with the logic of reevaluating the “nothingness” that we can find in most of Marivaux’s works.

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Jeux et hasard dans l’écriture de Patrick Modiano

Author(s): France Grenaudier-Klijn / Language(s): French Issue: 13/2023

Many of Patrick Modiano’s novels involve the motif of the game – predicate and space – in the narration, at characterization, thematic and structural levels. The introduction of this minor element – it never reaches the level of a trope – nonetheless informs us both about the novelistic techniques employed by Modiano and about the metaphysical considerations underpinning his writing. As such, a close reading of various episodes articulated around the motif of the game allows us to better understand the methods adopted by the novelist in the development of his characters and in the architecture of his texts. Furthermore, the insertion of the motif of the game allows us to identify and analyse the value given to chance and indeterminacy in all its forms in the Modianian novel, from which a true metaphysics, if not an ethics, of indeterminacy, can in turn be deployed.

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Jeu de sens, jeu de forme, ou les (en)jeux intertextuels de l’écriture de Sophie Divry

Author(s): Anna Opiela-Mrozik / Language(s): French Issue: 13/2023

This paper analyzes various aspects of game in the novels of Sophie Divry, a contemporary novelist as well as a social activist. Her protean work develops the idea of literary ludicity which ensures pleasure for an author and engages a reader but, at the same time, transmits a message about society. In the essay Rouvrir le roman the writer proposes to reinvent the novel genre by means of the spirit of unseriousness which plays a role as a stimulant for literature. Founded on intertextuality, Divry’s writing renews in an original way well-known models such asthat of Madame Bovary (La condition pavillonnaire) or Robinson Crusoe (Trois fois la fin du monde). Narrative games lead the novelist to develop polyphonic writing.The study of the novel Quand le diable sortit de la salle de bain demonstrates the link between game and self-reflexivity and highlights the potential of ludicity at the linguistic, typographical and formal level.

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L'ÉVOLUTION DU DISCOURS POLITIQUE À L'ÈRE DU NUMÉRIQUE : ANALYSER L’UTILISATION DE LA SATIRE POLITIQUE SUR LES PLATEFORMES NUMÉRIQUES AU MAROC

Author(s): Hassan HABIBI,Aymen NASSIF / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2023

Without a shadow of a doubt, the rise of digital media has revolutionised the information process at multiple levels. Nowadays, internet users can comment, criticise, and shape news in just a few clicks. In this dynamic environment, political caricature is reinventing itself on new media platforms, replacing traditional sketching with more advanced software. Interestingly, this form of expression is no longer exclusive to professional illustrators. Internet users have embraced it to express their views on political news in a playful and ironic tone. This paper aims to analyse this discourse, using parodies, satirical illustrations, and nicknames to criticize the political landscape in Morocco.

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UNE ANNÉE CHEZ LES FRANÇAIS DE FOUAD LAROUI : UN DRAME ENTRE HUMOUR ET IRONIE

Author(s): Amine MARTAH / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2023

The reader laughs while reading Fouad LAROUI’s novels. Yet, his writings are far from being comic, they are utterly serious, very serious, in fact; we laugh about serious things! This, paradoxically, raises the question of the laugher himself, with extreme acuteness. This reversed perspective brings us to some essential issues in the work of this author and his conception of art. We shall analyse the novel Une Année chez les Français, focusing essentially on the comic devices and the traces of the irony. We shall unravel the functioning of the text which comes in various layers: from an intuition of the reader which triggers laughter in the beginning, next arousing a cautious laugh, to eventually suspending laughter when the mechanism turns against the reader himself.

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PLAISIR ET BONHEUR DANS LA PEAU DE CHAGRIN

Author(s): Paul Matei Christian Botez / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2022

The first best seller of Balzac, the novel La Peau de Chagrin (1831) features more than a fantastic story about a pact with the devil and the destructive consequences it brings about. In reality, the adventure of the young intellectual Raphaël de Valentin reveals a moral and ontological significance, relying on the choice between an active life of frivolous pleasures and a calm life of domestic happiness. In this paper, we shall examine how the tragic destiny of the protagonist derives from his confusion between enduring happiness and the ephemeral pleasure offered by a hedonistic lifestyle, all within the social context of the birth of capitalism in the early 19th century.

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THE PROBLEM OF WAITING IN VAIN

Author(s): Marius Romulus Sălagean / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 36/2024

Waiting is a constant in the different ages of literature, having a psychological invoice function. A first pose of the expectation entered into the archetype is that of Penelope, the queen of Ithaca. Indeed, the paradigm of waiting draws its sap, par excellence, from the tribulations of Odysseus whose wife, Penelope ennobles his existence on the other hand, Lucius the character of Apuleius tries his best to reach that desired called "prosopon" recte the full manifestation as a being human. In Franz Kafka's Metamorphosis, Gregor Samsa is the prototype of vain expectation. Human appearance is denied him forever. In the register of modern dramaturgy, Eugen Ionescu creates the premises of an expectation of invisible characters. The old man and the old woman manage through their lines to establish a climate that we would call: waiting for some specters. Gabriel Garcia Marquez surprises us with the successful atmosphere in the micro-novel: The Colonel has no one to write to. The colonel's waiting in the harbor, where the illusion boat was supposed to appear, is tragic par excellence. The following nuances of waiting will be nuanced in Samuel Beckett's Waiting for Godot where the intrusion of the absurd is total. Also the novels: The Desert of the Tartars by Dino Buzzati and Waiting for the Barbarians written by John Maxwell Coetzee advertise the same coordinate of waiting. Giovanni Drogo and the magistrate, the characters in the two books seem to "feed", paradoxically, on this substance of vain expectation.

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REDEMPTION AND SPIRITUAL SUFFERING IN THE “MARIE DOLENTE AU PIED DE LA CROIX” POEM

Author(s): Paul-Cristian Albu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 36/2024

The purpose of the paper is to offer a panoramic view of the relation between religion and humanism in the French evangelical poem Marie Dolente au Pied de la Croix, written in sixteen century. I am interested in discussing how the Christian religion can be reflected in a humanist century, in a world where social vicissitudes are essential for understanding the universal message of Christianity. By this poem, God would like to invite us to reflect on the concepts of peace, freedom, love, and fraternal peace. I am also interested in observing how the universal message of Eternal Love can penetrate a secular society. I will consider using the technique of close reading the poem and diverse literary and religious books, to reflect in which way it is sought to express the idea of Christian Redemption in the literary world. The creative use of language will be regarded as a means to make visible the new paradigm of fraternity can be understood by the readers in contemporaneity.

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EUGENE IONESCO’S LESSON- A CRITICAL APPROACH TO TOTALITARIANISM IN THE XXTH CENTURY

Author(s): Paul-Cristian Albu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 36/2024

The purpose of the paper is to offer a panoramic view of a critical approach to totalitarianism in the past century. I am interested in observing how the French-Romanian writer manages to vituperate Fascism and Communism in a century where the Second World War appeared to destroy the lives of ordinary people. Also, I am interested in discussing how people can be foolish because authoritarian dirigents want to impose their point of view in a world where peace and fraternity are dominant. I will consider using the technique of close reading Eugene Ionesco’s masterpiece Lesson and heteroclite books to reflect in which way it is sought to express the idea of the necessity of democracy in a disparate universe. The creative use of language will be regarded as a means to make visible the new paradigm of fraternity can be understood by the readers in contemporaneity.

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IN MEMORIAM PROF. DR. MIDHAT RIĐANOVIĆ

Author(s): Nedžad Leko / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 1/2023

In memoriam Prof. Dr. Midhat Riđanović (1935–2023).

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Cultural Life in the 1960s in the USSR as Reflected in Tout compte fait (1972), the Autobiography of Simone de Beauvoir

Author(s): Solveiga Daugirdaite / Language(s): English Issue: 52/2023

The article aims to discuss cultural life in the USSR in the context of the changing cultural policy in the 1960s as reflected in Simone de Beauvoir’s memoirs. During the period from 1962 to 1966, de Beauvoir was visiting the Soviet Union regularly together with Jean-Paul Sartre, spending several weeks in different parts of the country. Unlike Sartre, she left a written account of the political, economic, and cultural situation in the USSR. De Beauvoir captured the transition from the so-called Thaw to the Stagnation that occurred during that decade. During their first visits, the atmosphere was still rather liberal and a desire to communicate with the West was still present, but soon the persecution of dissidents and the antisemitic trials began. This article emphasizes the importance of autobiographical books in de Beauvoir’s oeuvre, highlighting, on the one hand, the narrator’s accuracy and attention to detail and, on the other hand, her efforts to shape the narrative at will, bypassing uncomfortable aspects (such as tensions in her relationship with Sartre and the real role of some people in their life). De Beauvoir’s most important sources of information were the liberal writers of the time such as Ilya Ehrenburg and Yefim Doroch, as well as translator Lena Zonina and others. De Beauvoir’s sympathy for the Soviet system, like Sartre’s, is still a source of controversy, while her description of the changes in cultural life of the Soviet Union in the 1960s can be a valuable resource for researchers of the Soviet era.

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De la consommation à la consomption. Ignis (1883) de Didier de Chousy ou quand la maison Terre brûle

Author(s): Laure LÉVÊQUE / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2024

This article deals with an underrated novel by Didier de Chousy, Ignis (1883), published during the craze for scientism and positivism. This anticipation novel, fraught with grating irony, went against the optimism that defined the craze, as the author used the boundless technical possibilities flaunted by the industrial age to imagine a robot-assisted “augmented humanity”. Utopia was thus turned into scathing social dystopia and, a few years before Jules Verne’s novel, a “topsy-turvy” world on the brink of self-destruction was depicted. This ground-breaking work, which tackled both social criticism and the need for environmental awareness, heralded many of the themes that inspired H. G. Wells and the “brave new world” Chousy imagined was just as relevant as the ones of our modern dystopias: the model of development that largely remains ours found itself relentlessly questioned, as a call for immediate change was issued.

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Traduire le néologisme: étude comparative du roman Zazie dans le métro de Raymond Queneau et de sa traduction bulgare

Author(s): Irena Kristeva,Galena Dobreva / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2024

The study seeks to determine the level of adequacy of the transfer into Bulgarian of the neologisms coined by Raymond Queneau in the novel Zazie in the Metro (1959). To this end, we examine the translation strategies implemented in Зази в метрото (2001). Starting from the assumption that, while translation is possible, the degree of translatability of a neologism is variable, we evaluate the relevance of the equivalents proposed by the translator.

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Compte rendu: Velinova, Malinka, Antoaneta Robova, Teodora Tzankova (dir.). Normes et réécritures/ mythes et reformulations.

Author(s): Anastasia Marinova / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2024

Book review: Velinova, Malinka, Antoaneta Robova, Teodora Tzankova (dir.). Normes etréécritures/ mythes et reformulations. – Philologuitcheski forum, Issue 1 (15), 2022,ISSN 2534-9473. [Велинова, Малинка, Антоанета Робова, Теодора Цанкова (съст.).Норми и пренаписване/ митове и преформулиране. –Филологически форум, брой 1(15), 2022, ISSN 2534-9473; Norms and Rewritings/ Myths and Reformulations].

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Живописният псевдоекфразис – функции и значения в романа „Бел ами“ на Мопасан

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Живописният псевдоекфразис – функции и значения в романа „Бел ами“ на Мопасан

Author(s): Sonya Aleksandrova-Koleva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2024

This text is a part of bigger research of different premodernist characteristics in the works of Maupassant. It is focused over a part of picture images in the novel Bel Ami, interpreted as a game coding of dominant themes of the work and Maupassant’s works in general through the figure of pseudo-ekphrasis. The text presents our understanding for ekphrasis together with the reasons for choosing the term of pseudo-ekphrasis. We analyze pseudo-ekphrasis as a sign of modern thinking of mimetic technics, because it succeeded to present whole phantasm images as iconic. The text presents thematic analysis of the images of the character Walter collection in order to introduce the functions of technical figure on a semantic level in the narration.

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THE FACILITIES AND DIFFICULTIES OF TRANSLATING PROUST À LA RECHERCHE DU TEMPS PERDU MASTERPIECE

Author(s): Paul-Cristian Albu / Language(s): French Issue: 37/2024

The purpose of the paper is to offer a panoramic view of the difficulties of translating an epic masterpiece written by the most prolific and prodigious French writer Marcel Proust. Its creative language could be an obstacle for our contemporary reader, because of the lengthy language style and the remembrance of all the events that occurred in the private life of the author whose work we analyzed quickly and successfully. I am also interested in researching how these difficulties can be understood in contemporaneity and how this work's message can be reflected. To offer an enriched view of the analysis of A la recherche du temps perdu, we have used the technique of close reading the masterpiece entirely, focusing on how we can explain the lexical and syntactic difficulties.

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