Ryzyko uzależnienia młodzieży szkolnej od narkotyków. Strategie profilaktyczne i interwencyjne podejmowane w środowisku lokalnym

Author(s): Iwona Malorny / Language(s): Polish

The book addresses an issue of drug abuse, which is becoming a growing social problem in Poland. The socio-economic and political changes in recent years have increased the number of factors detrimental to children and youth. As a result of this, increasingly more young people turn to psychoactive substances. What is particularly alarming is the increasingly younger age of children who begin to use a substance. Hence, the following book is addressed mainly to teachers/educators/parents with an aim to provide them with indispensable knowledge to help them protect children and youth from the hazards and consequences of drug abuse. This monograph presents the latest trends in addiction prophylaxis and interventional strategies to be employed in the event of hazards to life and health with persons under the influence. It also prompts for reflection on the quality, adequacy and efficacy of the prophylactic actions undertaken by specialists. Drug addiction inflicts irreparable harm in every sphere of human life. Its enormous social costs make the intensification of actions aimed to curb substance abuse an urgent social need. As shown by the reports from the NIK (Supreme Chamber of Control), actions were initiated in Poland to create a comprehensive drug abuse profylaxis system for school children and youth at all levels of education. These encompass mainly designing projects to prevent drug abuse at particular administrative levels (including schools) and assigning specific tasks to appropriate authorities, institutions and entities. However, the so far implemented actions have not produced sufficient prophylaxes, and the quality of actions undertaken within the framework of these projects turned out to be inadequate to the scale and significance of the problem. The book consists of three chapters. Chapter one discusses the issues relevant to drug abuse including the causes, ways of prevention and strategies of intervention. It also presents the conception of assimilative prophylaxis, which is a new approach towards work with youth at risk of drug addiction. Chapter two presents the methodological premises for author’s own research, which was conducted according to clearly defined procedures and research strategy. It also analyses the results of studies on premises of Centrum Interwencji Kryzysowej i Przeciwdziałania Uzależnieniom (Centre for Crisis Intervention and Addictions Prevention) in Bytom in 2014. They encompass an analysis of survey data and data obtained from interviews with the addicted persons treated in the above mentioned institution. Chapter three proposes scenarios for classes within the framework of the author’s own project of therapeutic actions based on the conclusions of research and founded in assimilative prophylaxis. This project was implemented in Katolicki Ośrodek Rehabilitacyjno-Wychowawczy „Dom Nadziei” (Catholic Rehabilitation-Education Centre „House of Hope”) in Bytom on a stationary round-the-clock ward for therapy and rehabilitation of youth.

HORYZONTALNE NIERÓWNOŚCI EDUKACYJNE WE WSPÓŁCZESNEJ POLSCE

Author(s): Alicja Zawistowska / Language(s): Polish

Istniejący w Polsce przed 1990 r. system oświaty, który na wyższym szczeblu miał charakter elitarny, w krótkim czasie i dość spontanicznie dostosował się do oczekiwań mas. W praktyce zmiany te następowały w dwóch wymiarach. Pierwszy polegał na zwiększeniu dostępności ścieżek edukacyjnych prowadzących do wyższego wykształcenia oraz na wzroście liczby miejsc na tym poziomie. Drugi obejmował zmiany wewnątrz poszczególnych szczebli i różnicowanie się instytucji. W efekcie tych zmian doszło do powstania rynku edukacyjnego oferującego większe niż dotychczas możliwości elastycznego kształtowania karier. Nieuchronnie prowadzi to również do zaostrzenia konkurencji między instytucjami edukacyjnymi i podziału na instytucje lepsze i gorsze. Warto wskazać w skrócie, co nowego do wiedzy o generowaniu nierówności edukacyjnych wnosi moja książka. Po pierwsze, inaczej niż dotychczas definiuję kluczowy obszar selekcji edukacyjnych – skupiam się na aspekcie horyzontalnym, a nie wertykalnym. Po drugie, w badaniach koncentruję się na ostatnich latach, traktując okres powojenny tylko jako tło tych analiz. Po trzecie, wyjaśniając nierówności, odwołuję się do teorii kapitału ludzkiego i teorii racjonalnego wyboru, a nie – jak robią to autorzy innych prac – do tradycyjnych koncepcji konfliktowych i funkcjonalistycznych obecnychw badaniach nad stratyfikacją od wielu dekad.

BADANIA EKSPERYMENTALNE W PSYCHOLOGII I PEDAGOGICE

Author(s): Jerzy Marian Brzeziński / Language(s): Polish

Psychologia i pedagogika są naukami empirycznymi, a to oznacza, że jedyną drogą wprowadzenia do nich nowych twierdzeń i teorii jest konfrontacja z danymi empirycznymi. Powtarzalność badań stanowi istotną cechę poznania naukowego. Metoda eksperymentu jest taką metodą, która pozwala na powtarzalność badania, czyniąc je intersubiektywnie komunikowalnym oraz intersubiektywnie kontrolowalnym i dostarcza wiedzy o najwyższym stopniu pewności. Podręcznik wprowadza Czytelnika – studenta psychologii, pedagogiki i dyscyplin pokrewnych (np. socjologii) – w podstawy eksperymentu zarówno laboratoryjnego, jak i terenowego, opartego na porównaniach dwugrupowych i na porównaniach wielogrupowych (odwołującego się do statystycznego modelu analizy wariancji). Obejmuje on pewne „minimum” metodologiczne, którego opanowanie przez Czytelnika umożliwia poprawne zaplanowanie i przeprowadzenie badań eksperymentalnych. Autor włożył wiele wysiłku, aby te skomplikowane zagadnienia wyłożyć w sposób systematyczny i przystępny dla osób z podstawowym przygotowaniem statystycznym.

Etos nauczycieli - mit czy rzeczywistość?

Author(s): Joanna Ludwika Pękala / Language(s): Polish

The author reviews the different approaches of teachers’ ethos – the category describing the fields of teachers’ work - the most important and the most difficult to reach. The author puts them in order and presents her own definition of this problem. She presents the research results concerning the social demands against teachers and tries to answer to the question to what degree in our days the teachers’ collectivity constitutes the group representing this ethos. The solution of this problem (in the past unquestionable) seems to be very important for the status of the professional group.

Fototerapia. Fotografia w pracy nauczyciela, pedagoga i terapeuty

Author(s): Agata Czajkowska / Language(s): Polish

The publication concerns the use of photography in the work of a teacher, pedagogue and therapist, or phototherapy - an approach increasingly used in therapy and in the area of coaching and personal development. Phototherapy is treated by the author as a set of related techniques, not a rigid therapeutic procedure. Due to mentioned above it can be used by various specialists prepared to work as a counselor or therapist. Phototherapy techniques are based on personal and family photographs as well as those coming from other sources: feelings, memories and associations evoked by them are used as catalysts for therapeutic communication, the process of therapeutic change or personal development. In the appendix, a reader will find drafts of exercises constructed according to the issues discussed in the theoretical part.

Doświadczenia biograficzne kobiet odnoszących sukcesy zawodowe. Warunki uczestnictwa społecznego

Author(s): Ewa Arleta Kos / Language(s): Polish

The study presents pedagogically oriented qualitative research, the subject of which are biographical experiences of women who have achieved professional success (“documented success”, determined by social recognition expressed in giving a managerial (influential) position). I suppose that coming to occupied positions, these women had to be more active than average people. It is worth emphasizing that the research group was included women who have achieved professional success. However, from the perspective of the issue covered research is not an important career process understood as a high achievement professional position, or getting better and better jobs, but an active attitude women’s life. An active attitude of life is at the same time an effect of shaping and influencing the conditions environmental.

Wyprawa na Górę Maslowa – rozważania o procesie wychowania

Author(s): Beata Ecler-Nocoń / Language(s): Polish

The book is a proposal in the field of the theory of education. The narrative in the book is built around the Maslow pyramid of needs. Examples of the presented theory come from biographical research. The publication raises many questions about the importance of values in upbringing. The attempt to answer is formulated on the basis of personalism. According to the author, the book is to be a source of reflection on contemporary education.

Asistența psihologică la etapa contemporană: realități și perspective

Author(s): Silvia Briceag,Luminiţa Secrieru / Language(s): English,Romanian,Russian

Lucrarea încorporează materialele Conferinţei Ştiinţifice internaţionale „ Asistența psihologică la etapa contemporană: realități și perspective” (22.10.2021). Lucrările prezentate în acest volum sunt utile atât pentru specialiştii din domeniul psihologiei, asistenței sociale, cât şi pentru cei din domeniul educaţional.

Book of Proceedings of the 11th International Congress of Education, Health and Human Movement

Author(s): / Language(s): English

Educaţie şi valori în societatea contemporană

Author(s): / Language(s): Romanian

The volume includes a selection of papers presented at the International Conference "Education in the Perspective of Values", 14th Edition, held at the "Saint Clement of Ohrid" University of Sofia, on October 28-29, 2022. Organizers: "1 Decembrie 1918" University of Alba Iulia (ROMANIA), "Saint Clement of Ochrid" University of Sofia (BULGARIA), University of Primorska (SLOVENIA), University of Helsinki (FINLAND), "Babes-Bolyai" University of Cluj-Napoca, Doctoral School "Didactics. Tradition, Development, Innovation" (ROMANIA), State University of Moldavia (REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA).

Kuchařka pro lektory zážitkově orientovaných kurzů aneb (Ne)vaříme z vody

Author(s): Petr Soják,Markéta Sedláková,Veronika Nýdrlová,Dušan Klapko / Language(s): Czech

The publication Cookbook for lectors of experientially oriented courses, or we are (Not)cooking just with water intends firstly to the students of the discipline Social education and leisure time, as theoretical and practical support of their studies focused on leisure education, personal and social development and experientially oriented courses, but also during their next profiling. The name and content is interwoven with metaphors, those invite readers to creative attitude when processing the information. This creativity is fragrant spice supporting the taste of lector´s work. Here readers meet with concepts such as game, education, passed experience, present experience, experience, dramaturgy, script, motivation, reflection and feedback, methodics (preparation and implementation) of experientially oriented events, team, it´s role, lector and his/her personal and professional growth and psychohygiene. The book is not database of games, but collective work that summarizes our own experience. The topics introduce collage that in the end captures our conception of experiential education and experiential reflective learning. This is partly influenced by the target group, students, who pass trough this way to gain appropriate competencies with the aim to become qualite personalities and experts in their proffesion. Part of the publication is handbook. We want to give students space for their own notes and commentary based on their own experience, that we find as the key concept in learning process.

Interakce ve výuce anglického jazyka na vysoké škole pohledem konverzační analýzy

Author(s): František Tůma / Language(s): Czech

The present book deals with classroom interaction. It builds on 987 minutes of recordings of university seminars in English as a foreign language. Using conversation analysis, the book describes how the classroom members took turns, managed repair sequences, switched between English and Czech and how they conducted student presentations. The book closely investigates classroom interaction in English language teaching, but it also aims to contribute to the discussions about researching (not only classroom) interaction.

Projektování v mateřské škole

Author(s): Lucie Štěpánková,Zora Syslová / Language(s): Czech

The publication is script that have both a theoretical and a practical dimension. It apprises with the basics of short-term education in kindergartens, such as project teaching and integrated thematic training. The crucial third chapter focuses on the design process itself, in which it is the primary task of the student / teacher to choose the appropriate content of education according to the educational goals and to plan a reasonable educational offer including effective educational strategies supporting the development of each individual child. The conclusion of the publication is devoted to assessing both the process and the outcomes of education.

Chtějí zůstat nebo odejít?: Začínající učitelé v českých základních školách

Author(s): Světlana Hanušová,Michaela Píšová,Tomáš Kohoutek,Eva Minaříková,Miroslav Janík,Tomáš Janík,Jan Mareš,Klára Uličná,Stanislav Ježek / Language(s): Czech

One of the factors influencing the quality of teaching is teacher shortage, caused, among other factors, also by drop-out of qualified teachers who leave their schools or the teaching profession. The most vulnerable professional group are novice teachers. The book discusses the findings of a research study realized in Czech primary and lower secondary schools, focusing on the processes of socialization of novice teachers and their objective determinants. The determinants were identified at the interactive level (pupils, class), institutional level (school, colleagues, leadership) and cultural level (close community including parents and broader cultural, social and political context). The authors formulated recommendations for educational policy, teacher educators and school leaders.

Diverzifikace předškolního vzdělávání v ČR

Author(s): Katarína Slezáková,Martina Kampichler,Lucie Jarkovská / Language(s): Czech

The book summarizes the results of the project “Diversification of Preschool Education in the Czech Republic: Inclusion, Exclusion and Social Inequalities”. The research is based on group and individual interviews, mapping the context of preschool education and direct observations in preschools. It explores the links between social inequalities and the diversifying supply of preschool education, especially in connection to parental choices and strategies related to preschool selection. The book focuses on microprocesses of (re)constructing social differences that are grounded in the ethos of the facility, as well as in parents' perceptions of their children's temperaments and their understanding of childhood and children's needs in preschool age.

Podpora tvorby profesního portfolia v přípravném vzdělávání učitelů mateřských škol a 1. stupně základních škol

Author(s): Zora Syslová,Michaela Píšová,Veronika Rodová,Monika Černá,Lucie Grůzová,Eva Nováková,Hana Stadlerová / Language(s): Czech

The publication is a methodological text intended for academic staff who teach in the study programmes Teacher for Primary Schools and Teacher for Kindergartens. It aims to present a reflective approach to initial teacher education and the role of the professional portfolio in it. The publication focuses on both the process and the product of the professional portfolio. It emphasises the role of portfolio in professional development and student learning and its use in evaluating educational processes. It should help teacher educators to understand the reflective process of becoming a teacher and to promote individualisation and authenticity in the professional development of students. An integral part of the methodological text is a study brochure for students (skriptum), which serve as a guide to creating their own portfolios which may be effectively used e.g. as a material for the final state exam.

Matematická pregramotnost a učitelé mateřských škol

Author(s): Eva Nováková,Bohumil Novák / Language(s): Czech

The monography summarizes mathematical preliteracy of pre-school children in the context of their complex personal development. The research part of the article focuses on outcomes of research aimed at finding out how kindergarten teachers and prospective teachers of Pre-school teacher training programme reflect the mathematical aspects of their education and the development of mathematical preliteracy of children as an important area of their professional activities.

Collaborative teaching and learning in an interdisciplinary problem-based language course

Author(s): Hana Němcová / Language(s): English

The publication Collaborative teaching and learning in an interdisciplinary problem-based language course details the experience of the Masaryk University Language Centre with developing a specific course focusing on interdisicplinary collaboration problem-based communication and critical thinking. It provides three pedagogical approaches in one, collaborative learning, task-based learning and CLIL.

Mýty – omyly – nepravdy: O „chibách“ ve vzdělávání a pedagogice

Author(s): / Language(s): Czech

The book is the translation from Mythen – Irrtümer – Unwahrheiten: Essays über das „Valsche“ in der Pädagogik edited by H. U. Grunder (Bad Heilbrunn: Verlag Julius Klinkhardt, 2017). It includes seven essays written by authors from Germany and Switzerland. They strive for profound understanding of issues as upbringing, education, school, teachers, students, teaching and learning.