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The present article emphasizes both systematic errors and values affected by blunt errors which are detected and removed since they influence in an unfavourable manner the survey results.
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The social benefits expected from academia are generally identified as belonging to three broad categories: research, education and contribution to the overall society. Universities and higher education institutions are meant to operate within these fields. However, evaluating the present situation of academia accordingly to these criteria reveals a somewhat disturbing phenomenon: it seems not only that an increased pressure to produce articles (in peerreviewed journals) creates an unbalanced emphasis on the research criterion at the expense of the latter two. More fatally, the pressure to produce articles has turned academia into a rat race; the fundamental structure of academic behavior has been changed, resulting in a selfdefeating and hence counter-productive pattern.
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The authors of the study examined the influence of the sequence of socially desirable and socially undesirable announced tv – news on comprehension. Subjects processed the news significantly better as grouped in the desirable block followed by the undesirable block. Desirable news were more efficiently comprehended in any case compared to undesirable ones. Alternating presentation resulted in a significantly better understanding of the undesirable news. News understanding was influenced by the degree of empathy only in the case of the alternating presentation.
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In this article, we analyzed how the renaissance archetype, as Jung has presented it, can appear in advertising. For example, we have selected the image of an anti-aging product and we analyzed this image to see how the renaissance theme is followed at different levels in this image. We found that through a focused model, the elements of the image are structured in concentric circles, and through different levels of reading. The accent is moved from the obsession on persuasions. We found in the analyzed image a mechanism to maintain reader’s attention as a capital goal of the contemporary message in advertising.
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Nowadays, reforms have become an important part in national higher education systems. Since 2003, with the signing of the Bologna Declaration, apart from the interrelation with the overall social system, opportunities are given to policy-makers and reformists in Macedonia in terms of the Europeanization of the whole sector as such. The 3+2+3 system, which is being rounded up within the last two years, brought up the issue of curriculum reforms, evaluation of institutions and overall performance improvement in working with students. In the last decade, higher education has been the target of numerous changes, modifications and amendments. University professors, politicians, other civil sector activists and domestic and foreign experts have been dealing a lot with the new challenges. The idea was to provide students with a more innovative and applicative approach to meet the latest needs of the community and industry. However, the principal question is whether these frameworks, legal amendments, evaluations, development strategies, etc., have positively influenced in one way or the other the overall educational life in Macedonia. This paper aims at focusing on the crucial issues related to the frequent change of educational policies in the higher education area in Macedonia. In recent years, there has been an intensified activity in terms of the future of education in general and this has produced huge debates, which the government refers to as intentions for increasing the quality of higher education.
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From the political point of view, 2012 dealt with surprises, first time situations and upheavals. The local elections from this year represented the premises for some important changes in Romania, their result constituting the preamble for the general elections from December the 9th, but also for the changes from the parties and the general political system. In our study, we took into account the local elections from Drăgăşani, Vâlcea County. Following a more serious analysis of the first elections results (2012), we could notice several interesting elements that drew our attention for such a research. In the same time, there was also a personal reason that made us investigate certain phenomena that we observed directly and to take part to some of them.
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Cet article continue l’étude dans le domaine du mixage turbulent et il est fondé sur une technologie vortex, réalisée par des recherches interdisciplinaires concernant l’aérodynamique et la biologie végétale. L’installation consiste d’un tube vortex qui est une version modifiée, à basse pression (environ 0,1 bar), d’un tube Ranque-Hilsch. A l’extrémité close on realize une structure vortique annulaire où la période de rotation (vélocité tangentielle/vélocité axiale) atteind son maximum. La modélation mathématique d’un flux complexe (non périodique) à plusieurs phases créée dans l’installation implique une évaluation de l’intensité du mixage turbulent qui est fondée sur quelques relations mathématiques de l’effort – déformation kinématique de l’environement déterministe. Le calcul numérique a montré que l’efficience du mixage en longueur et déformation hausse avec le temps dans les premiers moments du mixage, fait confirmé par les experiments. On a étudié très peu de cas statistiques pour le cas non périodique (environ 60). On a réalisé une comparaison avec les cas périodiques. Les conclusions fournissent des informations utiles concernant la fréquence des événements rares, dans les cas périodiques aussi bien que dans ceux non-périodiques.
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En janvier 1999, une nouvelle monnaie a été introduite: l'EURO. Pour la première fois après la deuxième guerre mondiale, la suprématie du Dollar Américain était menacé. Aujourd'hui l'EURO est arrivé à deténir 20% du volume du commerce international, sans inclure ici les échanges entres les membres de l'UE.
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Le besoin de connaître les divers aspects de la réalité sociale a augmenté de plus en plus le rôle de la recherche statistique.Voilà pourquoi elle a été incluse parmis les «chapitres de négociation» pour l'adhésion à l'Union européenne. On présente ici les étapes, les principes et les conditions de la recherche statistique telles qu'elles sont prevues dans le Chapitre 12
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In line with the current globalization movement, the trend of quality management systems evolution was directed towards standardization, paving the way for a new conceptual leap of quality management systems, namely excellence in quality. One of the engines of the quality management system implementation in the context of the actual globalization is the "certification bodies for quality management systems." The evolution of these organisms on the Romanian indirectly shows the interests and trends of implementing quality management systems in the Romanian machinery producing organizations.
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There has been a general debate recently in relation to public policies that the state undertakes regarding the ageing of the population, birth rate stimulation policies, marriage delays, life span, public health, etc. Industrialization was the great force that incited the huge geographical movements being facilitated by urbanization and especially globalization. But, these causal-consequential relations are inciting the natural population movements as well. Some time ago, the birth of children was considered as increase in the workforce; today, it is becoming a burden since most often, governments, besides their promises, do not do enough to protect mothers, children and families. Europe and Macedonia are gradually ageing. Malthusâ s theory on natural procreation has now become a utopia. Birth rates are decreasing and mortality going up. According to Hill et.al. ( 2008) the decrease in birth rates is a distinctive feature of urbanized and industrialized societies and causes fatal social and economic consequences in relation to the workforce. Statistical data show that the natural population procreation in Macedonia is lower every upcoming year. This is a serious threat for the overall development of the society.
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Differentiation strategies in the local press represent a research subject that should be largely exploited by the researchers. The reason for this statement is the decreasing of quality in local written press and an obvious lock of identity. First of all the study brings to the front two local newspapers from Arges district and presents their historical background. Secondly the attention will be channelled on what makes the difference, from marketing and informational point of view, between the two products (the newspapers are seen as products). Furthermore the content of the two items will be analysed as to establish the differences between them. The graphics resulted from this content analysis show that there is quantitative resemblance between them and a barely noticeable qualitative one (in the quality of the photos and text).
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In Romania, the transition from centralizes economy to market economy following the Revolution of 1989, has led to major changes as regardes the management of society, booth at the level of economic agents and at national level. The decisions which in the past were adopted by the macro-systems the firm was part to are at present adopted by specialized managers in a market economy. A company’s succes stands in a powerful, solid management, capable to undestand boots the clients desires and the needs of its employees, to accomplish a company’s object and mission wihtin high quality and performances standards. The subsequent paper aims the presenting the evolution and dynamics of postal and courier servicies in Romania, a statistical analysis of the evolution of indicators Number of employees and Number of authorized suppliers.
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This study aims to address a comparative analysis of the error as a vitiating factor in the continental law system and the system based on judicial precedent - the common law, from the perspective of the historical evolution of this concept. Error, in the continental system of law is a vitiating factor which consists of the misrepresentation of facts at the conclusion of the legal civil act. At the frontier of error – as a vitiating factor and fraud in the common-law system, is interposed the misrepresentation doctrine, a doctrine with direct application in tort but which has also incidence in what concerns the legal documents. Misrepresentation in this system of law defines a false statement, precisely addressed to a person by another, to determine this other person to enter a contract. This approach emphasizes the demarcations and interferences in terms of concept, structure, and the classification of error from the point of view of the two legal systems.
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The paper presents the results of a research aimed at establishing a model of analysis of public employees’ perception on the decision-making autonomy in four types of public sector organizations. The starting point of our research was the theory we formulated and sought to validate which assumes that there are several factors capable of determining the manner in which public organizations’ employees and management perceive the autonomy of the decision-making process in these organizations. The source of the data we employed is a study undergone by the Metro Media Transilvania research institute, commissioned by the Agency for Governmental Strategies. Following the selection of a set of 30 variables from the structure of the questionnaire we were able to launch the research hypothesis which assumes that we can associate several representations to the phenomenon of political influence over the decision-making process within Romanian public organizations: political control over decision-making process, political-based employment, allingment to European standards of administrative capacity, budgetary constraints, frequency of consultations in the decision-making process.
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This study approaches the proposal to reduce the size of the Romanian Parliament from several perspectives: (i) of the public opinion, (ii) of tthe political actors, (iii) of the political scientists (paying a special attention to the „cube-root law”) and (iv) in comparison with the other EU Member States. The conclusion is that the issue has more to do with the political and electoral practice rather than with the state reform. Athough the oversize and the necessity of the reduction seem so obvious, I try to prove that they are actually part of a complex, well conceived and hardly efficient political myth.
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The essential elements of a contract in the continental system of law are: the capacity to conclude a contract, the consent, the consideration and the object. As we will see, following the present analyse, there are important differences between these elements in what concerns the two different law systems that exist in the European Union: the continental system of law and the common-law system. This analyze aims to focus on the consent as an essential element of the contract and approaches the main similitudes and the most important differences between the abovementioned systems.
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The authors of the study examined the comprehension of announced and written TV news in laboratory conditions. In the experiment there were presented 16 items of news structured in four categories. They were presented as announced and written news. We measured the efficiency of news comprehension with complex methods. The thirty – nine volunteers who took part in our experiment were devided into two groups: listeners of the announced news and viewers of the written news by chance. Our hypothesis, namely the better understanding and recollection of written news was not proved by the experiment. On the contrary, the understanding and recollection of announced news proved to be more efficient. These results are possibly due to the effect of the interference between the studio background and written news. It is likely that the verbal input meets the participants habits and practices concerning the media – use rather than the written input.
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In the actual context of accounting nomination and globalization, the requirement for information which reflects the reality and which allows comparison between time and space may be satisfied only by respecting the main accounting principles. These principles, together with accounting policies are the main elements which concur for obtaining a truthful image reflected in financial situations. The elements / items of financial situation are being evaluated according to the main accounting principles, being taken into consideration the limits of accrual accounting. Starting from the diversity of principles and rules that exist within the accounting, this paper aims to form a main problematic frame concerning the principle of the method’s constancy, whose purpose is applying the same registration, evaluation and presentation methods for operations, transactions, and balance sheet elements.
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The paper examines the two major theses defended by scholars on the question of the source/content of reasons for moral actions or moral motivation. The first position is desire-based thesis (DBT) or Humean thesis meanwhile the second is non-desire based thesis (NDBT) or Anti-Humean position. The main issue between them has to do with whether the constituent elements of motivating reason always include desire. The Humeans argued that appropriate desire with relevant belief are the constituent elements of motivating reason. Meanwhile, Anti-humeans argued that belief alone is sufficient to motivate. Thus, due to this controversy, scholars argue that the Humeans’ and Anti-Humeans’ views are antithetical. In fact, it is believed that the rivalry or tension between these two is a forceful one. However, this paper argues that contrary to the above views, Anti-Humean thesis could be made to accommodate Humean thesis at certain level of discussion. It further argues that the debate between these two sides have not paid adequate attention to the special role of belief, whereby we have desire-generating belief. Clarifying the role of belief as well as its various interpretations presents a better background for developing a plausible theory of moral motivation.
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