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EFFICIENCY OF HEALTHCARE SYSTEMS IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES - THE DEA NETWORK APPROACH

Author(s): Justyna Kujawska / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

Healthcare systems in Europe are constantly undergoing reforms which adapt them to social, economic and political requirements. The aim of this article is to examine the efficiency of healthcare systems in 30 European countries in 2014. The Network Data Envelopment Analysis (NDEA) model was used. The efficiency of the countries’ overall health systems and their two main components were examined: the public health system and the medical care system. The models include variables that are out of control of policy makers and the ones that can be controlled by them. The research results show that countries which reformed their healthcare systems achieved higher efficiency more often.

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SAMPLE ALLOCATION IN ESTIMATION OF PROPORTION IN A FINITE POPULATION DIVIDED INTO TWO STRATA: AN EXAMPLE OF APPLICATION

Author(s): Dominik Sieradzki,Wojciech Zieliński / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

The problem of estimating a proportion of objects with particular attribute in a finite population is considered. This paper shows an example of the application of estimation fraction using new proposed sample allocation in a population divided into two strata. Variance of estimator of the proportion which uses proposed sample allocation is compared to variance of the standard one. In the paper an application of sample allocation described in Sieradzki & Zieliński [2017] is presented.

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TESSELLATION AS AN ALTERNATIVE AGGREGATION METHOD

Author(s): Kateryna Zabarina / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

The sensitivity of statistical results to the choice of a particular zoning system is known as the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem. Level of aggregation is a significant factor determining results. Moving from point data to areal data, one should take into account aggregation and existence of spatial autocorrelation in the data. Though usually Voronoi tessellation is used in different study fields, this paper suggests it can be an alternative aggregation method to connect point and areal data in economics. Paper shows the possibility to calculate spatial average from point data and vice versa.

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Walidacja Kwestionariusza Kultury Organizacyjnej Harrisona i Handy w warunkach polskich

Author(s): Grzegorz Wudarzewski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2018

The publication contains description and results validation procedure of Harrison and Handy Organizational Culture Questionnaire to Polish conditions. Validation research were realized on sample N=320 while normalization on sample N=1133. First part of the article presents basic assumptions about organizational culture model and typology. Further parts of the publication contain a validation results, including accuracy, reliability, power of discrimination and normalization with creating percentile norms. The obtained results have appropriate psychometric parameters conditions of Polish organizations.

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Dylemat sprawiedliwości podatkowej subiektywnej w perspektywie liniowej oraz progresywnej stawki podatkowej w świetle badań własnych

Author(s): Monika Pasternak-Malicka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 6/2017

The article deals with the issue of tax justice. The issue of tax justice has for years been a permanent part of tax education and tax practices. At the same time, it is an important and ongoing issue, because the results of previous experience point to the ambiguity of many issues, they also raise new questions. One of the dilemmas is the choice of the type of income tax rate. The purpose of the article is to point out the essence of tax justice in the context of the linear and progressive rate of personal income tax. The first part of the publication presents the principles of tax justice presented in the literature of the subject throughout history. The second part of the article attempts to assess the relationship between the tax rate and income disparities in selected countries using proportional and progressive taxation. In the final section are presented fragments of self-conducted research for the years 2007–2017 presenting opinions of respondents on the type of tax rate in relation to the idea of justice. Respondents’ responses were treated as subjective tax justice.

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Heurystyka nadmiernego optymizmu w wycenach przedsiębiorstw

Author(s): Radosław Pastusiak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 6/2017

The main aim of the article is an attempt to show the phenomenon of excessive optimism on capital market on the example of recommendations provided by the Brokerage Houses in Poland. The structure of recommendations indicates that there is more positive recommendations than negative and neutral ones. It would be reasonable statistically in constant market growth conditions, meanwhile, stock market is characterized by bull, bear and horizontal trend periods. The question is, why then, in the changing conjuncture the outweigh of positive recommendation over the negative and neutral ones is observed. To achieve the research aim, the companies from the Warsaw Stock Exchange were selected and recommendations describing them were compared. Research results indicate that positive recommendations are dominant. The next stage was to compare the stock quotation at recommendation issue date with the price achieved by the company a year after. Research results indicate that despite positive and negative recommendations of Brokerage Houses, significant number of recommendations have overestimated the price in relation to real value achieved by the particular company on the Warsaw Stock Exchange.

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Trafność rekomendacji analityków giełdowych w polskim sektorze bankowym – perspektywa wahań koniunkturalnych

Author(s): Piotr Bolibok / Language(s): Polish Issue: 6/2017

The paper aims at empirical evaluation of the impact of the market cycle on the performance of stock recommendations issued for the banks listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange over the period 2000–2016. The research methods involved analyses of correlation and regression. The accuracy of each recommendation was assessed over 180 days since the date of its issuance. The examined sample covered 2801 recommendations and 347 121 observations of stock prices for 14 listed banks. The results of the research indicate that market cycle exerts impact on both directions and accuracy of analysts’ recommendations. The recommendations issued in the examined period were generally counteracting the extreme market sentiments, serving for stabilisation of banks’ stock prices around the intrinsic values estimated by analysts. The accuracy of target prices increased in the periods of bull market, and decreased in the periods of downturns.

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EFFECTS OF GROUP DISCUSSION ATTACHMENT STYLES AND FACILITATION ON THE QUALITY OF DELIBERATION

Author(s): Metka Kuhar,Katja Jeznik / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

In this paper, we analyse the effects of group discussion attachment styles and their influence in interactions involving facilitation on the quality of the discussion process (according to deliberative prerequisites, such as equal participation, argumentation and respect). We conducted 26 deliberative discussions with 226 teachers from 13 primary schools on the topic of school discipline measures. The discussions, each including 7–12 participants, lasted 90 minutes; half of them were professionally facilitated in line with the deliberative criteria and half of them were non-facilitated. The higher an individual's group discussion attachment anxiety, the lower their self-assessment of the deliberative functioning and assessment of the group's deliberative functioning. Facilitation improved the assessment of individual deliberative functioning in those individuals who scored higher for group discussion attachment anxiety, while facilitated individuals higher on group discussion attachment avoidance assessed group deliberative functioning lower than the non-facilitated ones.

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STATISTIČKI PODACI O POBAČAJIMA U HRVATSKOJ – NEKE OSOBITOSTI I USPOREDBE

Author(s): Ina Stašević,Darko Ropac / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2018

Croatia belongs to countries where abortion is conditionally permitted. The total number of abortions decreased by 39.7 % in the period 2000-2015, with the largest decrease of 60.1 % in legally induced cases. A constant drop in their number is observed, from 170 to 80/1,000, which is an abortion rate reduction of 52.9 % (P <0.001) . The number of women of fertile age is constantly decreasing. In the period 2000–2015, there was a decrease in the number of women by 88,432, or by 10.1 %. At the same time, registered abortion rates ranged from 14.7 to 10.7/1.000, respectively from 7.6 to 3.8/1.000 women of fertile age (P <0.001). The same trend is also present when the data are presented as an abortion rate of 1,000 births. In the observed period, the abortion rate in Croatia dropped significantly from 154.4/1000 to 76.6/1.000. Legally-induced abortions in 2015 were most common in the age group 30–39 (45.5 % of all abortions), and the lowest in the group up to 19 years (7.5 %). Among women seeking abortion, most are those who did not give birth (31 %), and then those who already have two children (29.5 %).

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CAN FAMILY BUSINESS MANAGERS MANAGE FAMILY BUSINESS RISKS?

Author(s): Thea Visse,Louise Van Scheers / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

The purpose of this conceptual paper was to investigate risk management in the family business. Risk management poses challenges to family business’s survival, as family members do not take actions on risk. Family members find managing risk difficult; therefore, they prefer to avoid taking actions. The assessment of risk is difficult and family businesses lack the ability to determine risk management priorities, including risk management review processes to evaluate risk. Risk priorities should be refocused to be in line with the strategic direction of the family business. Family business owners should also seek agreement on the risk goals of the business. Managing risk effectively will assist the family business to perform well and to maintain sustainable growth. Since very little research is conducted on risk management in the family business, this paper contributes to the existing literature by unpacking risk management in the family business context. The research concluded that managers should be educated on how to define acceptable risk in the financial area. The research recommends that family business managers should have a historical perspective on finance, as it will assist in identifying risk management areas.

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TRANSLATION AND VALIDATION OF THE CROATIAN VERSION OF THE MULTIDIMENSIONAL WORK MOTIVATION SCALE

Author(s): Eva Smokrović,Maja Frencl Žvanut,Antun Bajan,Radivoj Radić,Boštjan Žvanut / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

In the contemporary working environment, it is important to have a referential instrument for assessing and comparing employee work motivation. Multidimensional Work Motivation Scale (MWMS) is a reliable and valid instrument for operationalising the Self-determination theory in practice (SDT). MWMS was previously translated into seven languages, and its validity and reliability were proved in nine different countries. The goal of this study was to translate it in Croatian and test its content and construct validity and reliability (internal consistency, item-total/interitem correlations and test-retest reliability) in practice. The data was collected through a web survey. The final sample consisted of 141 participants. Our results confirm that the translated instrument is reliable and valid. The items of the translated instrumented loaded on the six factors as expected and showed a good fit to the basic factor structure. The translated version of MWMS could help the management in identifying potential problems related to motivation in Croatian companies.

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Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Concrete Filled Closed Section Steel Beams

Author(s): Deividas Martinavičius,Mindaugas Augonis,Nerijus Adamukaitis,Tadas Zingaila / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

The aim of this paper is to investigate closed section steel and composite beams. Composite beams usually possess an increased stiffness compared to the regular steel profiles. As a consequence, vibrations of the composite beams are lower. What is more, composite beams have a relatively high fire resistance. In many cases, this kind of beams can be used without additional fire protection. Furthermore, when the concrete in the composite beam is compressed, it becomes confined by the steel profile. Confined concrete possesses a more favourable behaviour. It becomes more ductile and can reach a relatively high compressive strength. All those qualities make the usage of the composite constructions beneficial and effective. However, the theoretical evaluation of the composite beam resistance becomes complicated as there are many different models for the confined concrete. Another problem is contact between steel and concrete. It can be evaluated as a friction between different materials or a stiff connection between surfaces. In this research, experimental tests are carried out. Two steel and two composite beams are tested under bending. Load-displacement curves are obtained. Mechanical properties of the concrete are investigated. Experimental results of the beam bending are compared to those obtained by the finite element analysis. Material model of the concrete confined by the steel profile is used in the analysis. The similar finite element analysis is later carried out to investigate the beams of another author. The validity of theoretical models is investigated.

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Research on Installation Technologies of Corrosion Protection for Steel Structures

Author(s): Paulius Kavaliauskas,Mindaugas Daukšys / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

Rusted S275 steel profiles were used in the experimentation. According to standard ISO 8501-1 the steel rust grade - B. The steel was cut into nine samples with dimensions 150×150 mm and brought into three groups with three samples in each group. In each group the surface for anticorrosive coating of specimen was prepared in three different methods. The steel surface was sandblasted using quartz sand with fraction 0-0.8 mm. Using this method, the preparation level of surface Sa 3 according to standard 8503-1 was achieved. The specimen in second group were prepared by mechanical method using the wiry brush. The level of surface St 2 was achieved according to standard ISO 8503-1. In third group the specimen were not prepared in any method. According to the standard ISO 12944-5:2007 three different anticorrosive coating systems were selected: one component alkyd paint system, two component epoxy and polyurethane paint system and two component zinc, epoxy and polyurethane paint system. The paint systems were selected considering the category of corrosion C3 and C4. The coating of paint systems was performed using the airless painting equipment. The thickness of each layer, wet and dry, were controlled. The thickness results of dry coating were measured with digital device “Positector”. To accelerate the process of corrosion, the aggressive artificial atmosphere was created according to the standard ISO 9227:2017 Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres – Salt spray tests. Neutral salt spray test is the method in which 5 % neutral sodium chloride melting is automated in controlled environment. The sufficient amount of sodium chloride is dissolved in distilled water with specific conduction not exceeding the 20 μS/cm at 25 ± 2°C to get the concentration of 50 ± 5 g/l. The steel samples were kept in artificial atmosphere for 500 hours. Anticorrosive coating characteristics for differently prepared surfaces were analysed by testing the adhesion according the standard ISO 4624:2016 using digital adhesion gauge “Elcometer 506”.

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EVALUAREA PERFORMANȚEI ORGANIZAȚIILOR DE INTELLIGENCE

Author(s): Iulian Bodolan / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 17/2014

Specialized literature addresses intelligence services great failures, often explicitely claiming they refer to their low performances as organizations. Most experts believe there is no general theory on proficiency in intelligence, namely identifying those criteria needed for a relevant analysis of these services’ activities: what they generally do, if they are efficient in terms of performance, how rare failures are, but prominent as compared to performances and the way in which ignoring the performance of different types of intelligence activities impacts the assessments of all intelligence services.

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Wizerunek i tożsamość w sieci

Author(s): Katarzyna Garwol / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2018

This article raises issues of image and identity in cyberspace. After describing definitions and explaining what the image and identity are in the modern world, attention has been focused on the problem of publishing the images of children on the Internet, whilst they are not able to agree on that by legal means. It has been also pointed out that in the virtual world, the image and identity of individuals are significantly different from those of real life.

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WPŁYW POLITYKI KADROWEJ NA ZARZĄDZANIE INFORMACJĄ W TELEWIZJI PUBLICZNEJ. STUDIUM PRZYPADKU WIADOMOŚCI TVP1

Author(s): Michał Koncur / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2017

The paper is an analysis of the impact of human resources policy on information management in the main news broadcast of the first channel of the Polish Television. This article introduces the reader to the issue of human resources policy in the public media with the background of personal changes in the Polish Television after the change of power as a result of the parliamentary elections in 2015 and the impact of these changes on the way that political news are structured. In the empirical part, selected materials presented in Wiadomości, before and after the personnel reconstruction in Polish Television were examined. Using the Case Study as one of the basic ways of conducting qualitative research in humanistic management and the analysis of the content of audiovisual materials, the following events were analyzed: 11.01.2015 – XXIII Finale of the Wielka Orkiestra Świątecznej Pomocy; 12. and 19.12.2015 – crisis around the Constitutional Court and demonstrations of the KOD (Komitet Obrony Demokracji/the Committee for the Defence of Democracy); 13.12.2016 – manifestations of the KOD on the 35th anniversary of the impose of martial law; 15.01.2017 – XXV Finale of the Wielka Orkiestra Świątecznej Pomocy. The research conducted in an objective and free of author’s interpretation way, leaves the reader with the opportunity of an individual reflection on changes in the ways that selected materials were presented.

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O ZAGOSPODAROWYWANIU WYOBRAŹNI. INSPIRACJE DLA PRZYWÓDZTWA I ZARZĄDZANIA EDUKACYJNEGO

Author(s): Joanna Kołodziejczyk,Grzegorz Mazurkiewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2018

The main points of consideration in this paper are challenges of the contemporary educational management and leadership. Authors present selected contextual factors influencing educational policy and preferred models of management in education. They referred also to their personal inspirations coming from literature and their practical experiences connected to conducted research and to the implementation of solutions in school evaluation and educational leadership. Using these experiences, Authors share reflections on understanding of educational management and leadership and the conceptualization of directions of the development these areas.

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DROGA OD KONKLUZYWNYCH EWALUACJI W SEKTORZE PUBLICZNYM DO DIALOGICZNYCH EWALUACJI W POLSKICH INSTYTUCJACH OŚWIATOWYCH

Author(s): Justyna Nowotniak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2018

International expansion of the evaluation and globally growing volume of evaluation research projects are both facts nowadays. This paper is meant to analyse trends the responsive evaluation develops in Poland. In more detail, the following were the issues addressed by the author. Firstly, to determine the quiddity of that kind of evaluation and to set the path towards practitioning of responsive evaluation in the realm of Polish society. Secondly, to list down the terms and conditions necessary to meet to successfully exercise responsive evaluation in educational institutions and to propose methodological solutions supporting the implementation of such model of educational evaluation for the entire system of education evaluation.

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OBRAZ ŚWIATA „DZIENNIKARSKIEJ KUCHNI” A DZIENNIKARZE I MEDIAWORKERZY. ANALIZA WYBRANYCH PUBLIKACJI MIESIĘCZNIKA PRESS Z LAT 2012–2016

Author(s): Monika Worsowicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3 (231)/2017

The article is dedicated to the reconstruction of the image of the world of journalists’ backstage which consists of the various types of activities and ways of conduct shown by participants involved in the process of creating media messages as well as in some of the well-known public events, in which they take part and make comments on. That image is recreated based on over 80 publications dated between 2012 and 2016, taken from a technical monthly magazine Press, the journal of a strong marketing status, that since 1996 has continuously been scrutinising the world of the media, publicity and the PR. Researched data have been divided into three groups: 1) texts focused on an inside-and-out scenery of journalists’ work, no matter of which specialities (a column: ‘Media – Warsztat/Workbench’– understood as skills, tools and overall qualities required and needed in the profession); 2) texts on the determinants of functioning of the media and finally; 3) those signalling the issue: ‘journalism versus media working’. The general purpose of the analysis was to reproduce the section of the media world image in order to verbalise the conclusions capturing the relations between a journalist and media worker’s job.

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ACCESS OF THE AUDIENCE TO THE DISCURSIVE ORDER GENERATING PUBLIC OPINION IN THE LIGHT OF PROGRAMMING STRATEGIES AND PRACTICES OF TVP S.A.

Author(s): Weronika Świerczyńska-Głownia / Language(s): English Issue: 1 (233)/2018

As John Downey points out, the public sphere is partially created by mass media institutions and relations. The special significance of the latter in the creation and functioning of the public sphere is pointed out by Jürgen Habermas. When analysing the public sphere power structure, the author distinguishes four types of power: political, social, economic and media power. According to Habermas, the media power is based on a mass communication technology. Those who work in politically relevant media sectors (i.e. reporters, journalists, editors, directors, producers and publishers) cannot avoid exercising an influence because they choose and process important political content, and thus intervene in the formation of public opinions.

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