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Q-CAMP 2010

Author(s): Philip Kazin / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 3/2012

Artykuł stanowi sprawozdanie z przedsięwzięcia “Q-CAMP 2010”, zrealizowanego w ramach Projektu Best Agers – Using the knowledge and experience of professionals in their primes to foster business and skills development in the Baltic Sea Region w Petersburgu, jesienią 2010 roku. Celem przedsięwzięcia było umożliwienie młodym przedsiębiorcom, w tym studentom planującym dopiero uruchomienie własnego biznesu, spotkania i wymiany doświadczeń z przedstawicielami biznesu. W rolę ekspertów i doradców, dzielących się swoją wiedzą i spostrzeżeniami na temat uwarunkowań prowadzenia firmy w XXI wieku z początkującymi przedsiębiorcami, wcieliły się osobyw wieku 55 lat i więcej, przedsiębiorcy i doświadczeni w branżach technologicznych specjaliści. Pełny raport z przedsięwzięcia „Q-CAMP 2010” jest dostępny na stronie internetowej projektu: www.best-agers-project-eu.

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The „Real“ Old Age and the Transition between the Third and Fourth Age

Author(s): Marcela Petrová Kafková / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2016

My paper focuses on the relation between chronological age and health. I understand health decline as an indicator of the transition into the fourth age. Currently the definition of the fourth age has been somewhat unclear. Some of the authors consider the fourth age as a synonym of the oldest-old and they define individuals in the fourth age based on their chronological age, mostly between 75 and 80 years. From the perspective of social gerontology, however, such a view is insufficient. Fourth-agers might be characterized especially by the loss of agency, ability to care and to make decisions about themselves. The SHARE data analysis for the Czech Republic confirmed the connection between health decline, frailty and chronological age, but it is not easy to define the exact boundary of the fourth age. Ageing is undoubtedly very individual. The frequently used boundary of 75 years seems to be unsuitable since frailty and general health decline occur more after 80 in men and women. Although the quality of life of older adults declines apparently with age, the decline is more affected by health status than chronological age. Health and quality of life are significantly influenced by the cultural and economic capital of older adults. Older adults with basic education and low income are more at risk of poorer health and lower quality of life. There are also significant gender differences. Women are more fragile, the analysis of the impact of income and education showed, however, that the relationship of gender, health and quality of life is much more complicated. To reach higher quality of life, women benefit from higher income more than men, higher education, however, brings greater benefit to men. Generally, structural factors seem to intervene in health and quality of life significantly.

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KLASYFIKACJE OBSZARÓW POLSKI Z PUNKTU WIDZENIA WYBRANYCH CECH SPOŁECZNO-DEMOGRAFICZNYCH LUDNOŚCI

Author(s): Anna Majdzińska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2015

The paper aims at assessing the similarity between Polish regions in terms of selected socio-demographic characteristics. Focus will be placed on the education structure of the population, within which I will consider the age and sex structure of the population with higher education. The survey will be conducted at the level of voivodeships and poviats in 2002 and 2011, using selected methods of multidimensional comparative analysis (including Ward method and k-means method). I will also investigate the dynamics of changes in these structures over a given period. The analysed data will be obtained from the publications of the Central Statistical Office on the structure of education of the population, derived from the results of population censuses, carried out in Poland in 2002 and 2011.

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Specialists aged 50+ as coaches and mentors

Author(s): Anita Richert-Kaźmierska / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2013

The main aim of the article is to present how the knowledge, skills and experience of persons aged 50+ can be used in companies and other institutions. The specificity of coaching and mentoring processes has been discussed, as well as possibilities of involving persons aged 50 years and more in them.

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ANALIZA PRZESTRZENNA PROCESU STARZENIA SIĘ POLSKIEGO SPOŁECZEŃSTWA

Author(s): Katarzyna Zeug-Żebro / Language(s): Polish Issue: 36/2/2014

The first law of geography formulated by W. Tobler in 1970, which says that everything is related, but near objects are more related than distant ones, spatial modeling has become an important research area. The methods which were developed proved to be excellent tools which can also be used in regional analysis. The most common are measures of spatial autocorrelations, which show the dependence of variables in respect of spatial localization. Spatial correlation allows to determine that intensification of a given phenomenon is more perceivable in neighboring units than in units distant from each other. The main objective of this paper is to study the spatial dependences of demographic aging index using measures of global and local spatial autocorrelation. The data used in analysis come from the Local Data Bank of the Central Statistical Office. All calculations and presented maps were made in the R CRAN.

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Istraživanja položaja radnika i radnica na kruzerima

Author(s): Lara Končar / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 20/2016

This paper analyzes the concepts of modern research of the cruise ship industry, with a special focus on the position of migrant workers. From the beginning of the 21st century, the rapid development of this industry on a global scale has drawn the attention of many authors and institutions, and the studies of this phenomenon have resulted in an interesting fragmentation: tourism studies and the social-economic approach. Tourism studies, as an important field of the cruise ship industry research, have rarely engaged on the topic of migrant cruise ship workers, while the social-economic perspective has barely included the field of tourism as an important element in researching their position. The goal of this paper is to simultaneously provide better understanding of the cruise ship industry phenomenon in a wider social, economic and political context, and also point out the oversights that are visible when creating notions in public discourses on the position of workers. In order to better explain the importance of re-conceptualizing their general position, it is necessary to consult tourism studies regarding this problem, explain the relations that exist within the travel and cruise ship industries, and connect that with the relation between work and migrations as the primary factor for contextualizing conditions in which they exist. A special aspect of this paper is dedicated to the problem of the lack of a feminist theory and critique, both in tourism studies and in the social-economic approach. By introducing the feminist perspective, this paper points out the “dangers” of the scientific research discourse in creating concepts about the “migrant subjectivity” and the marginality of cruise ship workers. The first section offers a short review of the approached and basic concepts in defining the cruise ship phenomenon, and refers to the legal and political context of the workers’ position within the industry. The second section deals with the insights of contemporary research and papers, indicating the theoretical and methodological problems of mapping the social-economic position of workers, while the aim of the third section is to indicate the importance of the feminist perspective in the understanding of thisphenomenon, offering suggestions for further reviews and further research on the position of cruise ship workers, especially within the field of feminist geography.

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ROLA STRATEGII ZARZĄDZANIA WIEKIEM W PRZEDSIĘBIORSTWIE

Author(s): Małgorzata Rembiasz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 39/3/2015

The article presents the essence of the main elements of the age management strategy. Enunciated the basic internal and external conditions of its creation, and the selected micro and macroeconomic effects of the strategy implementation. The prospects for the wider use of a comprehensive management strategy diverse age groups of employees in Polish companies have also been described. Disturbed questions require a further detailed research and analysis. The demographic process of advancing age need to interested of this subject both discussed in theory and business practice. A managers of human resource will be forced to learn, how to use the potential of mature workers. This will allow to maintain or improve the current market position. Therefore, age management strategy should be an important part of the strategic business management.

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PRZESTRZENNE ZRÓŻNICOWANIE WSPÓŁCZYNNIKA DZIETNOŚCI, PRZECIĘTNEGO DALSZEGO TRWANIA ŻYCIA ORAZ WSPÓŁCZYNNIKA STAROŚCI W POLSCE W LATACH 2003–2013

Author(s): Wioletta Wolańska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 45/2/2016

An important challenge of the EU cohesion policy is to take into account the dynamics of demographic change in the context of a factor conducive to the sustainable development of Europe. The analysis of the evolution of demographic processes is so important for effective local policy, whose priority is to support less developed regions, including rural areas. In the article it was examined, whether, in the Decade of Polish membership in the EU directions for change and the intensity of selected demographic processes are similar in rural and urban areas and provinces in Poland and that the observed changes in Poland correspond to the changes occurring in the EU?

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MIEJSCE OSÓB STARSZYCH NA POLSKIM RYNKU PRACY

Author(s): Ewa Mazur-Wierzbicka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 46/1/2016

Population ageing is a common and inevitable process. Its progress depends on the phase in the society development. The said process is far quicker in Poland comparing to West European countries – what is, as a matter of fact, typical of so-called post-communist countries). This article discusses the changes in the structure of demand in the labour market, as a consequence a certain situation of the elderly.

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Specyfika opieki nad najstarszym pokoleniem a polityka społeczna wobec starości

Author(s): Anna Kotlarska-Michalska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

This article focuses on three issues: 1) the principles of social policy towards old age and old people; 2) advanced old age from a sociological perspective, with particular emphasis on the role of the oldest generation as recipients of care and various forms of support; and 3) the specifics of care, i.e. the dilemmas and difficulties associated with the generation entering old age, who are more are more often becoming the generation taking care of the most senior generation in the family, i.e. those in the fourth phase of old age.

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Polityka przebiegu życia – teoretyczne i metodologiczne ramy badań nad procesem osiągania dorosłości

Author(s): Jolanta Grotowska-Leder,Magdalena Rek-Woźniak,Iwona Kudlińska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

The article examines theoretical issues underlying research programmes aimed at characterizingtransitions into adulthood in contemporary Poland. This phenomenon seems to have been understudiedin recent decades, and there are several arguments for undertaking it more systematically.While aiming at the formulation of research project objectives, the authoresses examine fourtheoretical and research perspectives. The first is the concept of an institutionalized life course.Secondly, the approaches and theoretical categories applied in youth studies are considered. Theconceptual framework of a “life course policy” and “transition regimes” within social policy studies,as well as the constructionist paradigm in public policy research, makes it possible to gain deeperinsight into the political and institutional frames of biographies of individuals entering adult life.

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50+ in the world of computerization: can we talk about digital exclusion?

Author(s): Roland Łukasiewicz / Language(s): English Issue: 1EV/2016

The contemporary scale of social space computerization should go hand in hand with the possibilities of implementation of new technologies in any group. In fact, the desire to make changes meets the wall of opposition from both the technical and digital divide problems associated with the lack of digital literacy. The article presents the scale of the problem of the digital divide of seniors representing a wide audience of people with no practical possibility of using a computer or the Internet.

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Starenje hrvatskoga naroda u Bosni i Hercegovini i pad nataliteta kao medicinski i socijalni problem

Author(s): Mirko Grujić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 93-94/2017

U novije vrijeme, zahvaljujući boljim životnim uvjetima, poboljšanim higijenskim prilikama, kao i naprecima suvremene medicine, broj ljudi koji doživljavaju duboku starost znatno je porastao. Smatra se da će u 2020. godini u razvijenom svijetu biti oko 20% stanovništva starijeg od 65 godina pa ovaj tzv. planetarni fenomen postaje – ne samo medicinsko-biološki problem, već poprima šire ekonomsko-socijalne odnosno demografske implikacije.

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Zdravstveni vidovi starenja pučanstva

Author(s): Zijad Duraković,Zdravko Ostojić / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian Issue: 93-94/2017

Today in FBH a coefficient of aging reached 19.9, in Croatia 24.1, which means that our population is becoming old. Today we are facing with a depopulation crisis in Bosnia and Herzegovina. According to the population registry in FBH there is 14.2% persons aged 65 or older, in Croatia 17.7%. In FBH an average age in 1991 y. reached 30.6 years, in 2004 y. 36.4 years, with a negative natality rate -0.3‰ do -0.09‰, which indicates the depopulation processes, while in the town of Mostar there is a positive rate of +1.6 ‰. Meanwhile, Croatia has the lowest number of newborn babies since the first statistical process in Croatia was made, with the higher rate of deceased persons than before. In terms of physiology, numerous changes occur in the human organism with ageing, such as degeneration of molecular, cellular and organ systems, tissues becoming less functional which are than often replaced by even less functionnal tissue. In the population of FBH the causes of death in 97% are due to cardiovascular and malignant diseases. The main question is how to prolong a lifespan? It is necessary to make some educational procedures and changing of demographic parameters, to give advices about healthy lifestyle that includes physical exercise and changing of a dietary habits, to stop a hazardous lifestyle, how to discover and handle of main diseases such as diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, to discover risk factors for atherosclerosis and its complications etc.

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Dostosowywanie zasobów kadry medycznej do potrzeb starzejącego się społeczeństwa

Author(s): Tomasz Karkowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2015

The aim of the article is to show the changes in medical staff resources, which are made by creating new specializations or new professions better tailored to the needs of an ageing population. The analysis is based on the data from GUS (the Central Statistical Office), the Ministry of Health and legal acts. The demographic changes are a serious challenge to the social and economic policies of the EU and its member countries. On the one hand, we can observe that the process of ageing of population accelerates, but on the other hand, the average life expectancy is longer. Moreover, one’s health condition changes every year, and after having reached a certain age, elderly people should take care of their health and control it using medical assistance. Losing the capacity to do everyday activities along with memory and cognitive impairment increase the demand for healthcare services, nursing and care services, long-term care and terminal care. That is why it is necessary to create a care system coordinated with those needs and providing appropriate medical staff resources, which will provide professional care for the elderly. The staff will include not only the representatives of “medical professions”, such as doctors and nurses, but also other health care professionals (e.g. pharmacists, hygiene experts, health promoters, physiotherapists, dietitians and nutrition specialists) and a so-called auxiliary medical personnel – nurse’s assistant, medical guardian. Moreover, we can also observe actions aiming at the improvement of the care for elderly people in Poland, which is done by increasing medical staffs’ competencies in geriatric care. Team-based approach to geriatric care, understood as a process of comprehensive evaluation of health problems, physical fitness, mental condition, the level of social support (including family support), financial situation and the conditions of living of a geriatric patient, is carried out by an interdisciplinary geriatric team and aims at improving the level and quality of healthcare services, and patient’s functional status and quality of life.

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Health Status of Older People. Evidence from Europe

Author(s): Agnieszka Sowa-Kofta,Roman Topór- Mądry,Beata Tobiasz- Adamczyk,Stanisława Golinowska / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2015

The objective of this article is to show the health status of the older population throughout European countries and indicate the data needs for a comprehensive comparative analysis of health status and its risk factors. The article briefly discusses definitions of health status in older age and presents adequate health status indicators. It discusses life expectancy, healthy life expectancy, disability adjusted life expectancy, the main causes of death as well as the prevalence of long- term illnesses, multimorbidity and functional health limitations across European countries, pointing out regional differences of the health status of older people. Next, several behavioural risks of poor health occurring in older age are shown: smoking, alcohol overuse and falls. The article concludes by demonstrating the need for more detailed, comparative and standardized data on the health status of older people across European countries, presenting sex and age- specific morbidity and health limitations as well as health risks.

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Usługi zdrowotne i socjalne wobec populacji starszej, przewlekle chorej i niepełnosprawnej realizowane w pomocy społecznej: podstawy regulacyjne i praktyka

Author(s): Agnieszka Sowa-Kofta / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

The article provides an overview of the scope and main problems related to utilization of medical and social long-term care services in the social assistance sector in Poland. According to the legal regulations medical and social care services can be provided to older dependent people if the family support for a dependent person is found insufficient. However, the number of people receiving care from the social assistance is still relatively small. Based two qualitative studies, the article overviews main barriers related to care provision: lack of adequate information on medical, nursing and care services, tensions between health and social sector in provision of care and nursing, negative perception of social assistance and lack of ageing policies at the local level.

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Potrzeba, konieczność czy moralny obowiązek? Opieka nad niesamodzielnym seniorem w rodzinie

Author(s): Beata Zięba-Kołodziej / Language(s): Polish Issue: 26/2015

The basis of discussion included in this publication are written statements of people who have experienced, are experiencing or anticipate the necessity of future care provided to the dependent senior citizen, most often a father or a mother. The aim of the research was to recognize sources of senior and dependent citizens care. The research material has been acquired using analysis of contents (documents). Research results do not entitle to generalize but they allow reaching some significant conclusions in terms of research purposes. They confirm, among others, that the source of our caring activity is social reciprocity rule that we have learnt from early age, and internal need of helping others as caring behaviour is the acquired behaviour and that we assess negatively those people who do not take care of their relatives. The significant role in dependent senior citizen care plays the mutual experience marked emotionally. The worrying fact is that, according to the respondents, institutional assistance and assistance provided by strange caregivers is less valuable than care of close relatives. Analysis of the texts also shows that young people who bring up small children are afraid of difficulties related to the need of combining family and professional responsibilities with close senior citizen (parent or grandparent) care.

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Domovi za stare i ostale „druge”

Author(s): Ljubica Milosavljević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 33/2014

Long-lived intertwining of socio-cultural as well as health-related and biological aspects of old age is shown by an example of old people’s homes where the last haven is also found by, in the eyes of the society, the “others”. Keeping track of the developments in placing the elderly in care homes, from poorhouses to modern gerontology centres, provided a basis for understanding the manner for constructing the designated characteristic of the “otherness”. This is an enduring process, creating an almost indestructible link between the old and the corps of all kinds of unfortunates, most often united by poverty.

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CORRELATIONS BETWEEN NUTRITIONAL SCREENING SCORE AND ANTHROPOMETRIC PARAMETERS IN INSTITUTIONALIZED ELDERLY

Author(s): Laura Mihalache,Otilia Nita,Andreea Gherasim,Alina Popa,Mariana Graur,Lidia Iuliana Arhire / Language(s): English Issue: 50/2015

The aim of this study is to assess nutritional status in a group of institutionalized elderly and to establish correlations between nutritional screening score and anthropometric parameters. We analyzed a sample of 156 seniors, 62 (39.7%) men, 94 (60.3%) women, to whom we performed nutritional screening using Mini Nutritional Assessment - MNA and we evaluated anthropometric parameters (body mass index - BMI, waist circumference - WC, calf circumference - CC and midupper arm circumference - MUAC). In the group of elderly institutionalized to whom the MNA has been applied, 69.2% had optimal nutritional status, 24.4% had a score of screening indicating risk of malnutrition and 6.4% had a screening score corresponding to malnutrition. A significantly higher percentage of women had a screening score indicating malnutrition (9.6% vs. 1.6%) and a screening score showing risk of malnutrition (26.6% vs. 21%) (p=0.029). Analysis by gender showed strong correlation between BMI and WC value (r = 0.869) in men, and between MUAC and CC value (r = 0.838) in women (p<0.001). Nutritional screening score was positively correlated with all anthropometric parameters (r>0.400, p<0.001), the strongest correlation being recorded with CC (r = 0.528). MNA short form (MNA-SF) represents a useful tool for rapid nutritional screening of elderly, enabling the identification of individuals at risk for malnutrition and those with a score indicating malnutrition. Calf circumference is a parameter which is positively correlated with nutritional screening score in institutionalized elderly population, and can be proposed as a starting point in nutritional assessment algorithm.

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