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DUVAR YAZILARINA BİÇEMBİLİM VE GÖSTERGEBİLİM AÇISINDAN BİR BAKIŞ

Author(s): Rezan Karakaş / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 49/2018

Within this study, street writings identified in Siirt province were analysed drawing upon stylistics and semiotics. It is observed that street writings, as a product of the social life, are considered as a character of “discourse”. With this respect, this study can also be considered as a discourse analysis. Texts obtained from the street writings vary due to their structures and express perspectives from different writers. In this study, the focus was on to discover what type of functions street writings have in interpersonal communication and what type of meanings they arouse in readers’ minds. When analysing the street writings, not only linguistic structures of text but also non-linguistic and meta-language structures were taken into consideration. There was an explanation on figures of speech (rhetoric) such as simile, metaphor and contrast which constitute the backbone of the street writings, various deviations, symbols and intertextual relations, and messages within these writings were interpreted. Thus, the door to the mysterious world of the street writings as an output of the relation and interaction of the person with both him/herself and other individuals was opened slightly.

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HALİL EFENDİ’NİN LÜBBÜ’N-NESÂYIH ADLI ESERİNİN ŞEKİL VE MUHTEVA ÖZELLİKLERİ

Author(s): Abdülmecid İslamoğlu / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 26/2012

Halil Efendi's Lubb al-nasâ’ih is a poetic work written in the genre of nasîhat-nâme/pend-nâme, a genre that gives good counsel. We were not able to reach solid information about Halil Efendi's life, but based on Lubb al-nasâ’ih we can say that he was a highly qualified Sufi poet wellversed in oriental culture and literature. The work is written in the mathnawî form, though its name is not listed in the scholarly catalogues in the field. As far as we know, there are two hand-written manuscripts of Lubb al-nasâ’ih. The book does not include any chapter or subject headings, but without any systematic order it talks about acts of worship, human relations, general ethical principles, knowledge, social critique, and the like. In addition to the Qur‟an and hadiths, proverbs and maxims represent the main sources of Lubb al-nasâ’ih. In this essay, we focus on the stylistic features and content analysis of the work, as well as its main historical sources.

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KUR’ÂN’IN FONETİK İ‘CÂZI

Author(s): Alican Dağdeviren / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 20/2009

The Quran is unique in its style, phonetics, words structure and many other aspects that never changed thorough out the history. One important dimension of the Quranic ijaz is to address not only to minds but also with its special acoustic and musicality to the ears and hearts of the listener. The structure of the letters, their various other features have a great richness of phonetics. Vocal harmony indicates how beautiful this harmony too. Complementarity of sound and discourse is very well known caracteristic in the Quran. The rules of tajwid is key term in the recitation of the Quran. If one cannot read the Qur’an in accordance with its rules of tajwid, many features of the Qur’anic recitation will be lost in this performance. This is similar to the poetry which is written in accordance with the rule of poetic measure. The endings and beginnings of the verses, the fawasil of the verses, thematic and rhythmical harmony among the Qur’anic passages have great impact on the listeners. Furthermore, everyone, whether fluent Arabic speakers or non-Arabic speakers, can see, feel and appreciate this impact.

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UNE FIGURE DE L’OUBLI DANS LA NARRATION : LE PASSÉ SIMPLE DANS LES ANALEPSES

Author(s): Denis Apothéloz / Language(s): French Issue: 2/2018

In narratives, French plus-que-parfait (past perfect) is regularly used to indicate that the situation referred to is located prior to another past situation. When these flashbacks stretch for a long time, and gain some autonomy, they may form a real ‘narrative in a narrative’ (analepsis). It may happen, then, that the passé simple (past simple) takes over from the plus-que-parfait inside the analepsis. This article examines the environments and the conditions of this tense switching inside the analepsis.

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MARQUEURS RÉFÉRENTIELS DÉICTIQUES ET ANAPHORIQUES DANS LE DISCOURS JURIDIQUE

Author(s): Margarita Rouski / Language(s): French Issue: 2/2018

The two referential procedures, anaphore and deixis, are used by the speaker with the aim of creating, modifying or achieving access to the discourse memory of the interlocutor. In legal texts the deictic markers themselves are few in number, while the cases of anaphoric markers carrying a deictic value are predominant. The main reason for this is the presence of overlapping fields between the context and the situation of enunciation. This makes some markers perform a dual function, anaphoric and deictic.

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KUR’ÂN’DA TEŞBİHLİ ANLATIM ÜSLÛBU

Author(s): Muhammed Aydın / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 4/2001

There are various stylistic features in the Qur’an These features contribute greatly to the understanding and the clarification of the Qur’an. One of the most significant stylistic features is certainly the similitude. The similitude is a very helpful way for the remembrance of the Qur’anic data. In this article we concentrate on the importance of this stylistic device in the Qur’an. In addition, we try to show that the similitude plays a very important role in the understanding of the Glories Qur’an.

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Kolokacijska i kritička stilska analiza pojmova u domeni dijelovi tijela u romanima gotike

Author(s): Milea Ajduk-Kurtović / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 27/2019

The paper will analyze language structures of the terms that may be classified into the group of BODY PARTS in four novels of Gothic prose, putting the word as the basis for the analysis of a literary text without considering its artistic value. The aim of the research is to establish the frequency of these terms, to determine their collocability, to single out the metaphors with the domains of the terms from this group and to prove the connections between the linguistic form and the ideological meaning of the corpus of texts specific for the Gothic period. The nouns Arms, Ears, Eyes, Face, Foot, Hand, Head, Heart, Lips and Blood, that will be analyzed, are at the same time the most frequent ones in these novels, and as such they impose themselves with the number and ideological meaning, and are as such one of the proofs of the characteristics of the language of the researched corpus. The corpus of the research includes the singled-out Gothic novels: Dracula (STOKER, BRAM); Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde (STEVENSON, ROBERT LOUIS); Frankenstein (SHELLEY, MARY); Jane Eyre (BRONTË, CARLOTTE). The characteristics of the Gothic period are: fear, darkness, wrath, supernatural and death. The paper will try to prove that just the adjectives forming collocations with these nouns, such as the description of eyes or lips, are one of the ways to describe these conditions. The paper is based on earlier researches in the field of text analysis by the method of critical stylistic analysis that offers a set of analytical actions by means of which we can discover the ideologies hidden in the text. The metaphors will be analyzed at a semantic-cognitive level according to the theory of George Lakoff and Mark Johnson. The advantage of critical stylistics is the fact that the frequency of the use of a certain term and its collocations, and the conceptual metaphors created by nouns, with the use of connected tools, make possible the identification of characteristics and ideology of the literary corpus being researched.

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Agalma, Sokrat i Alkibijad

Author(s): Jacques Lacan / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1-2/2019

Zadnji sam vam put kao svojevrsnu štafetu povjerio riječ za koju sam vam ujedno rekao da joj do idućega našeg puta ostavljam svu njezinu vrijednost enigme - riječ agalma. Nisam vjerovao da ću to tako dobro reći. Za mnoge je enigma bila tako potpuna da su se pitali: Što? Što je rekao? Možda vi znate? Onima koji su izražavali takav nemir netko je iz moje kuće, naposljetku, mogao dati odgovor - što sve ukazuje na to da barem u mojem slučaju gimnazijsko obrazovanje ima svoju svrhu - da spomenuta riječ znači ukras, nakit. Bilo kako bilo, to je tek samo odgovor na prvu ruku, to je tek ono što svi moraju pitati. Agallo znači ukrasiti, okititi, a agalma bi na prvi pogled zbilja bila ukras i kićenje. Pojam kićenja ipak nije tako jednostavan te se odmah vidi kako nas sve to daleko može odvesti. Pred čim se kitimo? Zašto se kititi? I čime? Ako je riječ o nekoj središnjoj točki, jasno je da nas mnogi putovi k njoj moraju voditi. Ali eto, ja sam ovdje namjerno zadržao tu riječ, agalma, i iz nje načinio stožer daljnjeg tijeka mojega izlaganja. Nemojte u tome vidjeti nikakvu sklonost raritetima, nego to da nas u jednom tekstu kojemu pripisujemo krajnju rigoroznost, u tom Simpoziju, nešto upućuje na tu bitnu točku. [...]

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Syntactic and pragmatic functions of the Latvian indeclinable participle in -ot(ies)

Author(s): Ilze Lokmane,Andra Kalnača / Language(s): English Issue: 9/2018

Although the semantic, syntactic and especially pragmatic functions of the participles constitute a significant aspect of the sentence structure and also play a role in the area of stylistics, in Latvian linguistics, they have not yet sufficiently explored. Traditional Latvian grammars provide descriptions of the tense, aspect and voice meanings of the participles, while their pragmatic aspects largely remain unexplored. This study attempts to describe and classify syntactic constructions that involve the Latvian indeclinable participle in -ot(ies). The description of such constructions enables one to see whether the participle in -ot(ies) can be used in subjecthood tests to determine the subject of the sentence, especially in the cases of the non-canonical subject (e.g. the dative).With regard to pragmatics, it is important to understand why there is an increase in the use of the constructions involving the participle in -ot(ies) in Modern Latvian in various texts types and styles. The participle in -ot(ies) is sometimes used against the principles of efficient language use because it renders the link between the action and its subject unclear and thereby hinders the perception of the content of the sentence. The possible reasons are clumsy translations from other languages (especially in the mass media and various applied texts), also the linguistic skills of the native speakers concerned, for instance, an insufficient mastery or careless use of syntactic constructions.

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Kondolencje w polszczyźnie. Definicja – kontekst pragmatyczny – wzorzec gatunkowy

Author(s): Marta Rogalska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 27/2015

The article concerns the Polish lexeme kondolencje ‘condolences’, both as a speech act and a genre. In the first part of the article, definitions of the lexeme in synchronic an diachronic dictionaries of Polish are discussed. The usual defining procedure is to focus on the Latin element con- ‘together with’ and, in recent dictionaries, the concept of ‘expressing sympathy and sorrow’. Another dimension of condolences is the pragmatic information, i.e. condolences as a polite speech act. Finally, condolences are viewed as a genre, with particular emphasis on changes in its written patterns and the influence of new channels of communication on the form and meaning of condolences.

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Эпистолярная проза в новейшей украинской литературе (О.Базалук «Женщина для вдохновения»)

Author(s): Olga Petriashvili / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5/2015

Ukrainian scientist, philosopher, Professor Oleg Bazaluk in their artistic and philosophical works in detail examines gender problem in contemporary society. In 2013 he published a book “Woman for inspiration”. This is an epistolary prose — uncommon genre for modern literary. O. Bazaluk’s new work is characterized by its peculiarity. It comprises 41 letter of the main character to her granddaughter, and the letters tell us about the private life, but having been gathered up as a whole they become a completed piece of literary work. Indeed, the chronological framework of “Women for inspiration” cover seventy years of life of the heroine, the famous writer and educator, who worked in the leading universities of Paris, Beijing and Shanghai. The letters heroine are a way to gain spiritual intimacy with her granddaughter, located far away. There is not dialogue, there is only a monologue heroine. In her letters to unfold reflections of the heroine. It is a conversation with no replies. The heroine of the work — a strong personality, her biography is closely connected with the history of his native country. Personal tragedy is intertwined with the historical period of the collapse of the Soviet Union and the difficult way of formation of independent Ukraine.

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Means Of Expressing Gratitude In English And Bulgarian – Pragmatic Dimensions

Author(s): Deyana Peneva / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 3/2019

The paper investigates different ways and means of indicating gratitude exploited in English and Bulgarian. It basically focuses on a number of thanking situations, strategies and expressions with respect to use, politeness orientation and specificities. A division is further made between thanks, appreciation and gratitude. The aim of the article is to present the English patterns of speech acts of thanking in context-dependent speech situations and the challenges to learners when being exposed to input settings similar to the linguistic reality of the target community. The paper also dwells on the disparities and inaccuracies which may occur between the learners’ native pragmatic knowledge and the expressions of gratitude which are most likely to be uttered by native speakers of English.

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Stilske razine u djelima Konstantina Porfirogeneta

Author(s): Teuta Serreqi Jurić / Language(s): English,Croatian Issue: 21/2019

The question of the authorship of the literary corpus preserved under the name of Byzantine Emperor Constantine VII. Porphyrogenitus (913-959) has preoccupied scholars for more than a century. Uncertainty in the emperor's authorship arose for the most part due to the multitude of style levels of his writings, which in recent research has resulted in a disputation of the authorship of Porphyrogenitus involving most of the works attributed to him. This paper deals with the stylistic features of those parts of the Corpus Constantineum in which, according to experts, Porphyrogenitus had his own creative share. The results show that Constantine wrote using approximately six different style levels, and that the appearance of different stylistic expressions was conditioned by the literary genre, the subject matter and the circumstances addressed by the work in question. The common stylistic features present in the segments of the emperor's writings covered in this paper point to the fact that, in this case, it is possible that they were written by the same author, one who varied his writing style.

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Из стилистике научног текста

Author(s): Andrej M. Stojanović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 19/2019

Review of: Kotiurova Mariia Pavlovna, Solov'eva Natal'ia Vasil'evna (2019), Sovremennyi nauchnyi tekst (skvoz' prizmu diskursivnyh izmenenii): monografiia, Moskva: FLINTA, 264 s.

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Специфіка використання метафори в дизайні ландшафту

Author(s): Iryna Ivanivna Ivanytska / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 41/2018

The purpose of the article is to study the metaphor as a means of forming the artistic expressiveness, its use in landscape design. The methodology consists of analyzing, synthesizing, comparing, summarizing the use of metaphor on the example of organizing gardens and parks of famous landscape painters of the world. Scientific Novelty. Study of international practice in the field of landscape transformation, modeling of the use of metaphor to positively change the qualities of urban space. It is revealed that in the process of metaphor a lot of semantic connotations are created, due to which the information is transmitted, both landscape and culture. Therefore, spatial and landscape metaphors have unconditional information value for the researcher. Conclusions. The metaphor is the universal means of solving design and artistic tasks, and it forms the basis of instrumental, ideologically-valuable, and culturally-linguistic positions. The metaphor allows you to penetrate the deep structures of the reality of the cultural landscape reality, creates a lot of semantic connotations and as a result, it is becoming the transmission of information.

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Profesoriaus Leono Gudaičio redagavimo principai

Author(s): Aurelija Mykolaitytė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 72/2019

The first issue of Vytautas Magnus University’s scholarly journal “Deeds and Days” (“Darbai ir dienos”) was published in 1930. After being discontinued during the Soviet occupation, its publishing was resumed in 1995. Professor Leonas Gudaitis (1935–2019) edited the revived scholarly publication Deeds and Days for more than a decade: from 1994 until 2006. In total, 36 volumes (no. 1 (10)–45) were prepared, their size being 20 or more printer’s sheets. The rich legacy of their editing is unquestionable: VMU Library holds the files of these publications, in which the scholarly editor’s work is documented starting from the idea for the creation of thematic volumes and ending with the final version. The plans for the thematic volumes, the edited texts of the authors, and the proof-read versions are all presented. The professor’s entries attest to the focus on the graphical expression in addition to the written text: the scope of Gudaitis’s work included artistic editing. This article is limited to the stylistic editing of the journal: the corrections of its vocabulary and syntax. There is a particularly strong focus on stylistic variations; explorations of what was corrected and why; and discussions of how the editorial principles could be defined. The analysis reveals that Gudaitis avoided stylistic monotony and stock expressions above all else and sought to ensure the text was brisk, rich, and succinct.

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Переклад текстів спортивної тематики: особливості та різновиди

Author(s): Tatyana Paley,Helena Ogorodnikova / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 11/2018

The purpose of the article. Identify the specifics of the translation of sports texts in the context of stylistic features according to their categorization; to analyze the peculiarities of the translation of sports terminology. The methodology of this research is an organic set of descriptive methods, semantic-stylistic analysis, analysis of vocabulary definitions and translation analysis. Scientific novelty of the work is the study and analysis of the stylistic features of the translation of the text of sports themes of different styles of speech and the identification of the specifics of translation activities. Conclusions. As a result of the study of the variety of texts of sports subjects in the context of stylistic peculiarities according to their categorization, specific peculiarities of translation from English into Ukrainian, according to grammatical, lexical, stylistic and other characteristics were revealed. The peculiarities of scientific, official-business and journalistic style are considered, and the main tasks, principles, and methods of translation activity are formulated by the stylistic affiliation of texts of sports subjects. The features of sports terminology are analyzed, and priority methods of translation are revealed.

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Les caractéristiques sémantico - structurelles des oïkonymes en français et en géorgien

Author(s): Nino Gurgenidze / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2014

This article is devoted to structural-semantic research in French and Georgian languages. Every literary work determines the history of its country and nation, culture and tradition. In literary works with the use of different stylistic devices, topics, characters and historical facts are shown. Very often writers use Oïkonyms (oïkos from the Greek word meaning ‘house’ or-, ‘dwelling’) as the city’s name allows us to create a general view about a nation’s culture, art and history. Thus, Oïkonyms are the determinants of a topic and of important facts in literary works. Synchronous course of historical facts gives some meaning to the city names and their utilization in literary works creates an emotional background for the reader. In literary texts, Oïkonyms create a special effect as they cause profound and mysterious feelings. The readers’ imagination will determine the meanings of these feelings. Every writer uses the name of a city to create and to identify a concrete cognitive idea in a literary work. As a result, research into the use of Oïkonyms in the context of literary onomastics, with its variety, development and multilateral perception, is a developing field of research.

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Rhetorical Styles in Knowledge Communication

Author(s): Maria Załęska / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2019

The author of the article applied the rhetorical framework of three styles (genera dicendi) to highlight some of the communicative practices employed in academic discourse. By utilising the persuasive resources of the plain style, authors focus on the rhetorical purpose of docere/probare, i.e. to teach/to prove. The sober matter-of-factness of the plain style suggests to readers that there is no style at all, convincing them that the content reflects reality without any rhetorical mediation. In choosing the persuasive means of the middle style, researchers combine epistemic and aesthetic goals, trying to reach the rhetoric purpose ofdelectare, i.e. to delight. An engaging style helps them draw readers into intellectually complex issues. The grand style facilitates the reaching of the rhetorical purpose of movere, i.e. to move or induce action. It serves to present science as a helpful resource for readers to make decisions in their lives, hence it is likely to be used by engaged scholars and public intellectuals.

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Linguistic and Stylistic Polyphony of Occasional Journalism

Author(s): Maria Wojtak / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2019

The article was intended as an attempt at defining a specific press publication in the form of a genre collection. It was the supplement to the Tygodnik Powszechny weekly (issue 29 of 2018) entitled “Festiwal Stolica Języka Polskiego” [Capital of Polish Language Festival]. The publication utilised the form of a press magazine, as apart from the program of the festival, it also included: an editorial, interviews, reviews, commentaries and the bios of selected festival guests. Thus, it offered a cooccurrence of specific statements in a specific place and time which is typical for such a collection. The whole could be assigned the function of announcing a cultural event (the festival), and the function of promoting it. The author analyses the publication from the discursive perspective, i.e. she focussed on specific communicational practices typical for contemporary press, which form a complex network of strategies, goals and forms of communication, which, in turn, form contemporary journalism. The analytical objective of the paper was to present the communicational polyphony of a specific collection of journalistic expressions, that is which interpret a specific reality and were used for convincing the readers to accept that interpretation. Individual texts were treated as voices, i.e. in types of linguistic actions formed in communicational (pragmatic) and formal terms.

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