Славянизмы в литовских диалектных словарях

Author(s): Vilija Sakalauskiene / Language(s): Russian Issue: 39/2015

"This arcticle discusses dialect dictionaries where words are recorded either from living language or from other, written sources of dialect. Up to now, ten Lithuanian dialect dictioniaries have been published and five are being compiled. Dialect changes along with our everyday life. A lot of words from the old dialect are being forgotten. Those words are no longer being used in the common language as well as in other dialects. In addition, some words gain new meanings. The same processes apply to loanwords which are used in dialects and are included in dialect dictionaries. Thee lexical system of a dialect dictionary shows the functioning of loanwords and their relationship with the words of the common language. The majority of Lithuanian loanwords are Slavisms, used in those dialects which have had a direct contact with Slavic languages, such as Polish, Belarusian or Russian. Slavisms and loanwords from other languages are marked variously in different dictionaries. In one of them, shortened language names are written in parentheses after the entry, which indicates that it is a word of foreign origin. Other dictionaries simply indicate Slavisms or additionally present the foreign equivalent from which they originate.

ZU DEN ÄQUIVALENZBEZIEHUNGEN ZWISCHEN 'ANTONYMISCHEN' SPRICHWÖRTERN IM KROATISCH-DEUTSCHEN SPRACHVERGLEICH

Author(s): Senka Marinčić,Nikolina Pandža / Language(s): German Issue: 14/2015

The subject of the paper is to determine interlingual equivalency relations between ‘antonym’ proverbs in Croatian and German. We recon on equivalency typology, elaborated by contrastive phraseology and typology of antonyms from the aspect of the lexeme structure. We used Contrastive vocabulary of proverbs by Pavao Mikić and Danica Škara in defining the corpus. According to the expectations partial equivalents are shown more often than the explicit, complex antonyms were found in one example.

Linguistische Zugänge zur phraseografischen Beschreibungspraxis. Einsatzmöglichkeiten für die rumänische bilinguale Phraseografie mit Deutsch

Author(s): Doris Sava / Language(s): German Issue: 58/2015

Linguistic Resources for the Lexicographical Description of Phraseological Units. Application model on the German bilingual phraseography of Romania. The present article joins the current lexicographical discussion on compiling phraseological lexica of different language pairs, and presents reflections on a new bilingual phraseological German-Romanian dictionary. More clearly than before, questions are ventilated about phraseology in dictionaries from, above all, the user’s perspectives and needs. Therefore the paper goes exemplarily into the difficulties of the lexicographical compilation and the representation of phraseological units, and also demonstrates the incentives of a redesign of future Romanian bilingual phraseographical practice with German.

Einige durch Phraseologismen ausgedrückte Emotionen und Charaktereigenschaften. Versuch einer kontrastiven Analyse Deutsch – Bosnisch

Author(s): Ema Tomić / Language(s): German Issue: 10/2013

О СРЕДСТВАХ УВЕЛИЧЕНИЯ ИЛЛОКУТИВНОЙ СИЛЫ РЕКВЕСТИВНЫХ РЕЧЕВЫХ АКТОВ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ПОЛЬСКОГО И РУССКОГО ЯЗЫКОВ)

Author(s): Anna Rudyk / Language(s): Russian Issue: 10/2014

The aim of the present article is to describe and analyse the ways of boosting of the illocutionaryforce of the requestive speech acts. The examples were extracted from Katarzyna Grochola’s books and their translations into Russian.

ЛОЖЬ КАК КОММУНИКАТИВНЫЙ ФЕНОМЕН (В КОНТЕКСТЕ БОЛГАРСКОЙ И РУССКОЙ ЛИНГВОКУЛЬТУРЫ)

Author(s): Stefka Janczeva Petkova-Kaleva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 10/2014

The paper dwells on the various aspects of lie as one of the «faces» of ingenuine speech behavior. It further attempts to conceive the basic structural modifications of lie on the basis of the linguisticmarkers typical to this phenomenon in Russian and Bulgarian linguoculture. The classification ofthe linguistic exponents of the phenomenon forms the communicative behavior of the sender withrespect to the realization of his/her communicative intention. The paper also discusses its variantssuch as slander, appraisal, compliment, disorientation, mystification and others. Specific nationalstereotypes in the interpretation of the phenomenon are also presented in the article.

АНИМАЛИСТИЧЕСКАЯ НОМИНАЦИЯ КАК СРЕДСТВО ОБОЗНАЧЕНИЯ ЧЕЛОВЕКА (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ ЗООНИМА МЕДВЕДЬ В РУССКОЙ И БОЛГАРСКОЙ ЛИНГВОКУЛЬТУРАХ)

Author(s): Elena Stoyanova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 10/2014

The paper focuses on the opportunities of animalistic nominations as means of human identificationand qualification. We use as an example such animalistic nomination as bear in Russian andBulgarian language and culture, and also bear as a component of Russian and Bulgarian phraseologicalunits. In the category of human language, built on the association with the animal world, find themapping features of the national spirit and culture. The study aims to examine linguistics and culturespecificity in human characterization Russian and Bulgarian language.

ПОВТОР КАК СРЕДСТВО ВЫРАЖЕНИЯ ЭМОЦИЙ (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ РУССКОГО И ПОЛЬСКОГО ЯЗЫКОВ)

Author(s): Zofia Czapiga / Language(s): Russian Issue: 10/2014

vary – double ones are most common in both languages under investigation, multiple ones are rarein the data. Triple repetitions are relatively popular only in the Russian material. Repetitions are usuallyaccompanied by other means of expressing emotions: exclamatory intonation, particles, emotionalexclamations, comparative and superlative forms of adjectives and adverbs, comparisons, etc.

РУССКИЕ ПАРЦЕЛЛИРОВАННЫЕ КОНСТРУКЦИИ В ТЕКСТЕ РОМАНА БОРИСА АКУНИНА ТУРЕЦКИЙ ГАМБИТ И ИХ ПОЛЬСКИЕ ЭКВИВАЛЕНТЫ

Author(s): Anna Stasienko / Language(s): Russian Issue: 10/2014

The article deals with the issues of Russian and Polish parceled constructions. Parceling occurs on the level of simple sentence as well as on the level of compound sentence. Different types of Russian parceled constructions taken from the Boris Akunin’s novel The Turkish Gambit and their Polish counterparts have been discussed. The contrastive anlysis shows that there are many similaritiesbetween Russian and Polish parceled constructions.

„ŚWIT” I INNE PRZEKŁADY TWÓRCZOŚCI WŁADYSŁAWA ORKANA NA JĘZYK ROSYJSKI

Author(s): Grzegorz Brodacki / Language(s): Russian,Polish Issue: 10/2014

The article contains a translation into Russian of Władysław Orkan’s short story entitledThe Dawn. It was translated by the writer’s second wife, Bronisława Folejewska and has not beenprinted yet.The translated text is preceded by historical and literary introduction, which explains the circumstancesthat contributed to the origin of the story and its translation. The introduction is concludedby a list of Władysław Orkan’s works that have been translated into Russian.

O etymologicznym słowniku języków romańskich (Dictionnaire Étymologique Roman, DÉRom)

Author(s): Przemysław Dębowiak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 21/2016

The paper presents to Polish linguists of various specializations the Romance etymological dictionary Dictionnaire Étymologique Roman (DÉRom) which, despite having existed for several years, remains entirely unknown in Poland. Its goal is to reconstruct the Romance protolanguage, protoroman, on as many levels as possible. Its novelty lies in the application of the historical-comparative method to modern Romance forms, and reconstructing Proto-Romance forms based on them. Departure from the traditional Latin-leaning etymology brings qualitatively new results to the field of Romance dia- chronic linguistics. The paper concludes with examples of two dictionary entries.

Badanie polszczyzny odziedziczonej (na przykładzie bilingwizmu polsko-niemieckiego)

Author(s): Anna Żurek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 21/2016

The interest in problems relating to the languages of migrant societies (called heritage languages in the literature) has been steadily growing among linguists and language teachers worldwide, including in Poland, and promoting the rise of new research directions (Heritage Language Acquisition, Heritage Language Learning). The present considerations systematize and review. The paper aims to present the state of research on Polish as a heritage language, in the context of Polish-German bilingualism. Considering the wide range of the issue, I limited myself to only reporting the newest empirical research conducted in Poland and Germany among bilingual speakers of Polish as a heritage language.

APROBATA ZAPOWIEDZIANA W CZĘŚCI NARRACYJNEJ (NA MATERIALE JĘZYKA POLSKIEGO, ROSYJSKIEGO I ANGIELSKIEGO)

Author(s): Artur Czapiga / Language(s): English,Russian,Polish Issue: 11/2015

The article is devoted to the analysis of the ways of expressing the speech act of approval in Polish, Russian and English. The material has been gathered from corpora, and only the examples have been taken into consideration where the phrase uttered by a speaker is introduced in the narration part as approval. This method of collecting material gives the opportunity to avoid misunderstanding in the process of the interpretation of the speaker’s intentions. It occurs that approval introduced in the narrative part of a text is more often nonverbal in Polish and English materials. The lexical markers of the speech act under investigation display a considerable number of similarities between Polish, Russian and English examples. The utterances are usually stylistically neutral and they are generally simple in structure.

O EKSPRESYWNOŚCI WYPOWIEDZEŃ EMOTYWNYCH (NA MATERIALE JĘZYKA ROSYJSKIEGO I POLSKIEGO)

Author(s): Zofia Czapiga / Language(s): Russian,Polish Issue: 11/2015

The present paper discusses the linguistic markers of expressiveness in Russian and Polish utterances. Such utterances reflect the emotional condition of the speaker and his/her relationship with other people. Experiencing emotions results in the choice of the linguistic means of expression and their arrangement. It occurs that the expressive character of the utterances is achieved in the languages under investigation by the use of: reduplication of emotive lexemes, phrases and sentences; interjections; exclamatory intonation; accumulation of names of different emotional states (both – positive and negative). Syntactic means of expressing emotions usually co-occur in one utterance.

ОСНОВНЫЕ МОДЕЛИ МЕТАФОРИЧЕСКОЙ НОМИНАЦИИ В РУССКОМ И БОЛГАРСКОМ ЯЗЫКАХ (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ СЕМАНТИЧЕСКИХ ИННОВАНТОВ – НАЗВАНИЙ ЛИЦ)

Author(s): Vanya Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian,Russian Issue: 11/2015

The article describes the main models of metaphorical nomination of nouns denoting persons in the Russian and Bulgarian languages in the latest period. Sets out most active models of metaphorization in both languages, identifies similarities and differences in the appearance of secondary meanings based on metaphorization.

Francuskie i włoskie nazewnictwo odcieni w dyskursie modowym – analiza porównawcza

Author(s): Dorota Antoniewska-Lajus,Sylwia Skuza / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2023

The article is part of the research on chromatic vocabulary from a comparative perspectiveand its aim is to analyse the contemporary names of shades (understood as hyponyms of basic colour names) in Italian and French used in press texts on fashion. The authorsrefer to the concept of basic colour names (Berlin, Kay 1969), reference names, works inthe field of colour semantics and cognitive linguistics. Names of shades excerpted from thebody of linguistic material were subjected to preliminary morphological analysis, and thenthe way of colour conceptualisation was examined by determining the dominant lexicalfields created by reference nouns, as well as scrutinising adjectives which define colours.The conducted analysis showed similarities between both languages in the structureof shade naming (with a clear preference for reference names) and the selection of referents.It also indicated that there can be noticed unification of chromatic language due toinfluences of English. What is more, results showed a connection of the scrutinisedvocabulary with a given socioculture and incongruence of seemingly equivalent concepts.The scrutiny of neologisms demonstrated the importance of meanings at the levelof connotations, and proved the need for in-depth research on the semantics of thecontemporary shade vocabulary.

Формирование и развитие концепта «молодежь» в истории русского и китайского языков

Author(s): Alla Andreevna Kozhinowa,WANG WENJUAN / Language(s): Russian Issue: 27/2019

The article examines the way the concept of youth was formed in historical and comparativeperspective (based on the Russian and Chinese languages). Particular attention is paid to the means ofexpression of the given concept which holds a special place among mental constructions connectedwith the reflection of the idea of human age division in the language picture of the world based on thediametrically different cultures.

TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES IN BLUE SKY STUDIOS FEATURE FILM TITLES - A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF BULGARIAN AND RUSSIAN TRANSLATIONS

Author(s): Radostina Vladkova Iglikova / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2024

The crucial role of titles for introducing and marketing entertainment products such as feature films is undeniable and stems from the need to motivate potential audiences to make a specific effort and invest their time and money in order to see a movie. In the world of today with its comforts and availability of entertainment at people`s fingertips, it requires a specific effort on the part of entertainment creators to make people leave the comfort of their homes and commit to the process of “going to the movies”. This places a specific expectation on feature films that they should be something special, there should be more to them than what other forms of entertainment (such as TV, social media content or streaming platforms) offer - a good movie is an experience. For the audience, the starting point of that entire experience is the title - it introduces, labels and brings together the entire production, it creates the first impression. The title is a pivoting point for the entire marketing campaign of the movie as a product and needs to fit appropriately with the rest of the production in order to have the desired strong impact - and to hopefully become a household name, or gain an “iconic” status and bring with it an entire franchise to further capitalize on the success of the initial product. Furthermore, in order to maximize profit, these entertainment products need to be marketed to as many markets as possible, to as many countries, cultures and languages as possible and for this purpose the title of the production needs to be rendered, translated into the target language of the receiving audiences. This process involves specific strategies, methods and techniques which are multifaceted and are not only linguistic in nature, but also stem from the theory and practice of marketing and advertising. The purpose of the present study is to take a look into the specific ways in which these marketing and advertising strategies are reflected in the actual final product of the title`s translation - i.e., the actual translation techniques observable in the translated titles of these animated feature films. The article provides a descriptive analysis of the sets of translation techniques employed in the rendering of titles of animated feature films from the original English to the Bulgarian and Russian, respectively. More specifically, the study is dedicated to the titles of the animated films produced by Blue Sky Studios and attempts to delineate the specific techniques employed based on the actual existing translations of the titles. For this purpose a corpus has been created containing 39 units of analysis - all 13 original titles and their Bulgarian and Russian translations of films produced b the studio which have been marketed to Bulgarian and Russian theater audiences.

Fluencja werbalna w kategorii „imiona” – badania porównawcze dzieci sześcio- i siedmioletnich

Author(s): Ewelina Zając / Language(s): Polish Issue: 12/2024

Examining verbal fluency of six- and seven-year-old children, in this article Ewelina Zając presents results and analysis of her research on semantic verbal fluency in the field of proper names in the category “name.” In her research, Zając has used the minute verbal fluency test, the most com- mon and the simplest tool for neuropsychological diagnosis. The aim of the article is to describe the level of verbal fluency in terms of the ability to generate names by six- and seven-year-old children, which, in the future, may be helpful in determining a norm for this task for children in this age group. The research material has been collected in a group of 60 children. Based on the test results thus obtained, one can draw conclusions, among other things, concerning the quality of linguistic processes, the richness of vocabulary, and the level of semantic memory.

On the Question of the Peculiarity of the Differentiation of Phytonyms in Modern Azerbaijani and English Languages

Author(s): Gunay Mammadagha Aghayeva / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

This article is written on a relevant topic. It is a fairly original alloy for exact science, in which rigorous data, formulations, basic conclusions and generalisations are intertwined with interesting and even, to a certain extent, fascinating material. The article is complicated and enriched by a comparative analysis of phytonyms in two languages of different groups. With the apparent dominance of the former, the work is divided into several parts. The first one provides brief information about the terminology itself. The meaning of phytonyms is given according to world standardisation. The author clearly and distinctly clarifies that the phytonymic vocabulary in English and Azerbaijani has gone a long way in development and formation. Moreover, it is emphasised that when analysing phytonyms in the Azerbaijani language, it is necessary to pay closer attention to the etymology of specific words and expressions. In the second part, the colour scheme is differentiated. The third, which logically follows the second, shows its uniqueness in the two named languages. Finally, in the fourth part, various ways of using them are proposed for consideration and linguistic analysis. Having completed the theoretical part, the author proceeds to the practical implementation of the central theme, that is, he subjects the most famous English and Azerbaijani phytonyms in science to differentiation. It is based on individual nominations and so-called locatives. Again, as before, the article’s author focuses on comparing the desired vocabulary in two languages. When analysing the content of phytonyms, the author relies on their characterological features. These are form, time, age, quantity, and quality. Summarising these features, unifying them and bringing them into a single system is possible. As a result, phytonyms in two languages are presented as a fragment of the overall picture of the universe. Their purely biological nature does not obscure strict linguistic analysis. In our opinion, the evident success of the article’s author should be considered in the constantly cited comparisons of facts or phenomena of two perceived sides: biologists and linguists. In some cases (shown in the work), they partially coincide, but they may have completely different estimates. The latter is observed in the case of identification by linguists of purely distinctive features and signs. Individual characteristics follow from this. It is correctly noted that each specialist is looking for his own angle of view on the desired problem, but all conclusions and generalisations are reduced to linguistic analysis. In any case, the overall picture