Towards Conceptual Frames

Author(s): Svetla Koeva,Tsvetana Dimitrova,Valentina Stefanova,Dimitar Hristov / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2019

The paper reports on the process of automatic mapping of the PDEV verb patterns to the WordNet sentence frames and subsequent manual validation of the verb patterns that were automatically assigned to the WordNet verb synsets. The validation resulted in the approval of 4,084 patterns, manual assignment of 1,568 new patterns and removal of 2,815 inappropriate patterns. The paper introduces the notion of Conceptual frame: a FrameNet Semantic frame the core Frame elements of which are specified for a set of semantic types. It is shown that the semantic types assigned to WordNet noun synsets define the sets of WordNet literals (lexical units) appropriate to express the core Frame elements.

„Роза Преображения“ – полилог Алексея Веселовского, Вячеслава Иванова и Ваана Терьяна

Author(s): Suren T. Zolyan / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2020

We consider peculiarities of poetic meaning creation in the processes of intertextualization and contextualization while analysing a unique case of a polylogue between an academic scholar (A.N. Veselovsky) and poets belonging to different languages ​​and cultures (Vyach. Ivanov, V. Teryan). Veselovsky’s article “From the poetics of a Rose” became a source for Ivanov’s poem “The Rose of Transfiguration”, then it became the basis for the sonnet of V. Teryan. We demonstrate that intertextuality is a complex and non-linear interaction between texts and meanings. The archetypal semantics of the rose and the motives of flame, blood, and also death and resurrection associated with it are contextualized in relation to the Christian holiday, personal myth-making, the tragic events of the Armenian Genocide in the Ottoman Empire. The mythopoetic semantics of the symbol synthesizes various cultures and poetic traditions, creating opportunities for multidimensional semantization and partial translatability of different “texts-echoes”. Expressing new content in different contexts, semantics is based on the same symbols; this leads to a cascade-like actualization of their potential, especially when considering texts connected by intertextual relations in their integrity - as a kind of super-text.

Reading Comprehension – a Problem for the Pedagogical Students

Author(s): Tanya Borisova / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2020

The article raises the question of the reading literacy of the pedagogical students, future teachers in the initial stage of the primary-school education. It is a natural continuation of a study on the reading literacy of mature students who have crossed the threshold of the higher school. The skills to read and interpret scientific texts related to the work of the future teacher are discussed. Their skills for tabular presentation of text information, as well as the skills for its interpretation according to the PISA levels are also studied. Correlations are sought at the high levels of understanding related to the analysis and subsequent reflection on a given text.

Граматически игри, Синтактичната игра Питанките на МеСиЗа: създаване и хоризонти на очакване

Author(s): Petya Barkalova,Iva Nedeleva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2020

The paper presents an attempt to gamify the process of teaching Bulgarian syntax. It is based on a university course in Modern Bulgarian Syntax for the philological and educational programs in the Department of Philology at the University of Plovdiv. The theoretical model of the sentence follows the rules of the phrase structure. The main principle of language analysis, which is presented as a game, is focused on the sentence structure in Bulgarian. The skills for presenting structural graphic representations are being developed. The function of words as parts of the sentence are presented through syntactic projections which are being configured by the students and this develops their critical thinking. The authors provide students with a completely new educational tool by creating the pilot version of 'The MeSiZa's Questions' /grammar game for Meta Language Symbolic Representation/. Scientifically, the implications belong to the e-Science paradigm. The authors offer a further collaboration and partnership to the teachers in Bulgarian language to apply this innovative approach, i.e the use of grammar games, into school teaching practice.

Framing the Identity of an Ideal Primary School Teacher of English

Author(s): Oleksandr Kapranov / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The article presents a study that aimed to examine how primary school teachers of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) framed the identity of an ideal EFL teacher. The specific research aim was to identify and classify frames associated with the identity of an EFL primary school teacher in the corpus of reflective essays of approximately 1000 words about an ideal EFL teacher in Norwegian primary school contexts written by 32 Norwegian in-service primary school EFL teachers. It was hypothesised that the participants’ framing would be reflective of the identity of an ideal EFL teacher in Norway. The corpus of the participants’ essays was analysed in accordance with the framing methodology developed by Entman (1993) and Dahl (2015). The results of the framing analysis indicated that the participants in the study framed the identity of an ideal EFL teacher via frames associated with future ideal selves, ought-to selves, the identity of their former EFL teachers, and the identity of an ideal EFL teacher as a fictional character. The study implications would be beneficial to pre-service and current in-service EFL teachers and teacher-trainers alike, who could treat the results as a collective “portrait” of an ideal EFL teacher.

A Lost Lady: A Narrative of Manifest Destiny and Neocolonialism

Author(s): Ammar Aqeeli / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The greatly examined story of A Lost Lady usually depicts Mrs. Forrester’s success in meeting and adapting to the challenges of a changing world, a world characterized by materialism and self-fulfilment. However, the overlooked story, one far more disturbing than the privileged story in the text, is the narrative of oppressed groups of people of other races and the lower class. Drawing on some aspects of postcolonial theory, this paper explores Willa Cather’s own reactions to real changes in her society, to the waning power of imperialism, and of her nostalgic longing for the western prairies of her youth, without showing any sympathy for the dispossessed Native Americans and other oppressed races. It will also disclose the unmistakable colonial overtones, which remarkably resonate with the common discourse of “Manifest Destiny” during the time period of American expansion to the Wild West.

К проблеме формирования риторической культуры преподавателя высшей школы

Author(s): Liudmila Luneva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2020

The teacher has a special role in the development and improvement of speech culture in the society. The teacher’s word as his main instrument must be the model of verbal intelligence, the model of high speech culture. This article deals with the typical lecturer’s speech errors and investigates means to avoid errors during the specialized course in the system of professional development.This article presents analysis and monitoring of speech etiquette of teachers of different subjects, highlights experience of how to refer to spell books and various dictionaries and introduces different ways of improving communicative activity through the system of professional development at Samara State Transport University.

Фраземы с колоративным компонентом в методике преподавания русского языка как иностранного

Author(s): Nadya Cherneva,Boryana Tencheva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2020

The article is devoted to the Russian phrasemes with a colorative component as a means of forming linguo-cultural competence and developing emotional intelligence during the process of teaching Russian as a foreign language. The phraseological units as a linguistic and cultural sign always evoke strong interest among linguists and also the neophrasemes further enrich the lexico-phraseological system and conceptualize reality through emotional images. The main focus of the research includes analysis of the expressional and emotional characteristics of the phrasemes mentioned above. The article is interdisciplinary: it reveals a structural-semantic typology, as well as a system of exercises that can be involved in the teaching process when developing the listening, reading, writing and speaking on level B1-B2 in accordance with the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages.

За акцентуването при сложните съществителни имена в българския език

Author(s): Mirena Patseva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2020

The paper offers an analysis of the accentuation of complex nouns in the Bulgarian language, based on the theory of optimality and the interaction between morphology and phonology. The aim is to outline the tendency for realization of the accent characteristic of the dominant component in the structure, which acts in parallel with metric regularities. Constraints are formulated, expressing basic regularities in the accentuation, such as the orientation of the main stress to the right base and the morphological head. Their ranking in different types of structures is considered. A metric constraint is also introduced, describing the initial position of the secondary stress under certain conditions. The conclusion is substantiated that the additional accent in many cases is lexical and serves for semantic differentiation, and at the same time it also has a metrical manifestation.

Технология формирования гипертекстовой компетенции в контексте обучения иностранным языкам в ВУЗе

Author(s): Natalia Severova,Dana Bartosh,Maria Kharlamova,Elena Stoyanova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6/2020

The article is devoted to the problem of developing students’ skills and abilities to work with hypertext as the main information unit in the information society. The purpose of this article is to substantiate the need for targeted training of students to work with hypertext in the target language and to develop a technology for the formation of hypertext competence in the context of teaching foreign languages. The basis for identifying the specifics of hypertext and determining the constituent components of hypertext competence was the reliance on systemic and typological approaches using methods: analysis, synthesis, comparison and generalization. Theoretical and methodological analysis of domestic and foreign scientific literature in combination with empirical methods (observation, questioning) made it possible to substantiate the need to develop students’ skills and abilities to work with hypertext, to study the experience of students with texts of this type and to develop a technology for the formation of hypertext competence. In order to test the hypothesis put forward and the effectiveness of the developed technology for the formation of hypertext competence in teaching a foreign language, experimental training was carried out. In the course of the study, the specifics of hypertext were determined from the point of view of linguistics and linguodidactics, and the components of hypertext competence were identified. Based on the experience of students working with hypertext, difficulties were identified and the main tasks of targeted training in working with these texts were identified, the result of which is the formation of hypertext competence. Hypertext is a modern informational phenomenon, the ability to work with which is becoming key today both in the professional and everyday spheres. Possession of hypertext competence allows you to rationally use external sources to obtain additional information, design an individual information space and thus contribute to the creation of your own educational trajectory. The developed technology for the formation of hypertext competence involves phase-by phase training in working with hypertext. This technology relies on the experience of working with “traditional” text, but taking into account the specifics of hypertext, and focuses on mastering a new strategy for working with information.

Influence of Spoken Language and the Role of Syntactic Repetitions on the Creation of Typical Syntactic Constructions in Ilyas Afandiyev‘s Dramas

Author(s): Flora Namazova / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2020

The article is devoted to additional constructions in Ilyas Afandiyev’s drama. The purpose of the article is to explain the typical syntactic constructs of the spoken language, to analyze syntagma, types of constructions, models of incomplete sentences, sentences with additions, synonymous syntactic constructions, syntactic repetitions, types of internal repetitions, structure of repetitions in I. Afandiyev’s drama. There is a system of repeats in the language of I. Afandiyev’s dramatic works. The analysis was based on the study of the sources related to the subject, the analysis of the results obtained, the analysis and synthesis of the arguments, and also the content analysis method.

Lingwista wobec języka uczuć

Author(s): Elżbieta Laskowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1&2/2016

Celem referatu jest zebranie dotychczasowych sposobów rozumienia zagadnienia języka uczućprzez lingwistów oraz zaproponowanie sposobu opisu języka uczuć. Zagadnienie to byłoprzedmiotem zainteresowania takich badaczy jak Wierzbicka, Grabias, Nowakowska-Kempna,Awdiejew, Habrajska, Pajdzińska, Data. Biorąc pod uwagę poziomy języka, uwzględniane wgramatyce komunikacyjnej, autorka rozważa zjawiska nazywanie uczuć oraz ich wyrażania.Nazywanie mieści się na poziomie ideacyjnym, Wyrażanie – na poziomie interakcyjnym.Badając wypowiedzi pod względem języka uczuć, zauważyć można, że nie zawsze łatwo jestwskazać granicę między wymienionymi poziomami. Trudności te związane są przede wszystkimz dwiema kwestiami. Pierwsza z nich polega na wykorzystaniu nazw uczuć do ich wyrażania,mamy wtedy do czynienia z wyrażaniem uczuć za pomocą ich nazywania. Druga kwestia toemotywne nacechowania nazw uczuć albo też emotywne nazywanie reakcji mogącychświadczyć o uczuciu. Analiza wypowiedzi, zawierających nazywanie i wyrażanie uczućdowodzi, że w różnych odmianach języka omawiane zjawisko występuje w bardzo różnychzakresach i przejawia się bardzo zróżnicowanymi środkami językowymi). // The goal of the paper is collecting hitherto existing ways of understanding the concept of the language of feelings by linguists and suggesting a way of describing the language of feelings.This question was the subject interest of such researchers as Wierzbicka, Grabias,Nowakowska-Kempna, Awdiejew, Habrajska, Pajdzińska, and Data. Taking into account the levels of a language, included in communication grammar, the author considers naming of feelings and expressing them. The naming is contained in the ideation level, the expressing –in the interaction level. Examining utterances with reference to the language of feelings one can notice that it is not easy to show a borderline between the mentioned levels. The difficulties are mainly connected with two questions. The first one consists in using the names of feelings for expressing them, in which the feelings are expressed by naming them. The second question is the emotive marking of the names of feelings or emotive naming of reactions which can manifest the feeling. The analysis the utterances including naming and expressing feelings proves that the phenomenon in question occurs in various scopes and manifest in diverse means of language.

Recenzja tomu Niedosłowność w języku. Język a Komunikacja 37 pod redakcją Marcina Odelskiego, Aleksandry Knapik, Piotra Chruszczewskiego i Władysława Chłopickiego, Kraków: Krakowskie Towarzystwo Popularyzowania Wiedzy o Komunikacji Językowej „Tertium

Author(s): Grażyna Sawicka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1&2/2016

Translating Nonce Words (A Corpus Study Based on a Novel)

Author(s): Svetlana Nedelcheva / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

Translators face different challenges in their everyday work. They have to deal with lexico-semantic, syntactic, pragmatic and cultural problems. This article focuses on John Harding’s novel Florence & Giles where the narrator is the 12-year-old Florence. She has created her own language by distorting words, e.g. nouns and adjectives are turned into verbs, nouns into adjectives, adverbs and prepositions into verbs, etc. These nonce words constitute Florence’s fairly unusual style. Based on a parallel corpus of the original English novel and its Bulgarian translation, this research uses the contrastive method to analyze the intensely concentrated nonce words in the text and their equivalents in Bulgarian

Diachronic Analysis and Deictic Means of French Benevolences and Curses

Author(s): Nargiz Seidova / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

Benevolences and curses, integral and authentic part of the discourse, most clearly reflect the culture of people. The use of these expressions in the communication space of different languages indicates the need for their study from the standpoint of linguistics, folklore, stylistics, rhetoric, psychology, cultural studies and other sciences. This article provides diachronic analysis and examines the deictic means of French benevolences and curses in the French language. The material for the study was the texts of the Bible, French epic poems, medieval legends, ballads, tales, and fiction. When considering this topic, the author used both general and special scientific methods and techniques: a historical-etymological method, a descriptive method that includes methods for observing, comparing, interpreting and classifying the material being studied; semantic identification method; distribution method. Comparing the medieval French discourse with the modern French language, the author examined the grammatical and semantic evolution, which underwent benevolences and curses.

Обучението по словашки език в Италия в контекста на словашко-италианските културни взаимоотношения

Author(s): Dagmar Kročanová / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2021

The initial part of the paper describes the history of Slovak language and culture teaching in Italy, namely, Slovak lectorates at University of Naples L´Orientale, University of Rome Sapienza, and University of Bologna in Forlì. The central part of the paper discusses the foundation, development and activities of the most recent lectorate, founded in 2006, and currently affiliated with the Department of Interpreting and Translating at University of Bologna in Forlì. The paper mentions the circumstances related to the foundation of the lectorate, especially the message of Alexander Dubček (1921 – 1992) upon whom University of Bologna conferred the honorary doctorate in 1988. The paper discusses various activities of the lectorate (language teaching, research and publishing, promoting Slovakia and Slovak culture). It mentions the collaboration with Slovak and Italian institutions, including the Embassy of Slovak Republic in Rome, Slovak Institute in Rome and Honorary Consulate of Slovak Republic in Forlì. The final part of the paper mentions the current situation and perspectives of Slovak studies in Italy.

Book review

Author(s): Christian F. Hempelmann / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

Gertrude Bonnin on Sexual Morality

Author(s): Tadeusz Lewandowski / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

This paper examines attitudes to sexual morality held by the Yankton Dakota author and activist Gertrude Bonnin (1876–1938), better known by her penname Zitkála-Šá (Red Bird in Lakota). Bonnin’s concerns encompass several themes: the victimization of Indian women, disintegration of Native courtship rituals, sexual threats posed by peyote use, and the predatory nature of Euro-American men. This critique as a whole — in which a ‘white invasion,’ in her words, leads to a corruption of Native sexuality — sometimes produces inconsistencies, particularly regarding Bonnin’s statements on the alleged sexual perils of peyote. Her investigations into the Oklahoma guardianship scandals of the 1920s, however, strongly buttress recent research by Sarah Deer (2015), whose study, The Beginning and End of Rape: Confronting Sexual Violence in Native America, highlights the tragic aspects of Native-white sexual relations under United States settler-colonialism.

Collocational Knowledge Uptake by University Students under Online Learning

Author(s): Svetlana Danilina / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

The article discusses an experiment that looked into the acquisition of collocational knowledge in three university groups studying online, each subjected to different learning conditions: incidental acquisition, intentional acquisition, and intentional acquisition with an extra productive output (essay), the latter having been assessed for the amount and accuracy of target lexis usage in their texts. The aim of the study was to see how well upper-intermediate university students could identify collocations in an input text, and how the text-based output affected the collocational uptake outcomes. The study showed that the productive output group outperformed the other intentional learning group, while incidental acquisition group failed to complete a productive knowledge posttest. Although the study revealed only slightly higher gains in the output group, their results appeared more consistent than those demonstrated by the other intentional uptake group, whose retention rate decreased by the time of delayed posttest.

Совершенствование иностранного (русского) языка в школе посредством пословиц и поговорок

Author(s): Marzanna Karolczuk / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2021

The results of research on proverbs and sayings in such areas as linguistics, psychology, didactics and teaching methodology show that paremia has cognitive, educational and pedagogical functions in almost all areas of science and life. Understanding proverbs and sayings contributes to a better understanding of other cultures in the context of their interaction. Introduction proverbs and sayings to educational process develops students’ intercultural skills and a positive attitude to other people, as well as constitutes creative atmosphere in the classroom. The use of paremia in the learning process also enables the development of language knowledge and abilities, as well as speaking skills. The purpose of the article is to discuss the use of paremia in language education and propose kinds and types of exercises that can be used in the process of teaching a foreign language.