Filologia wina – prolegomena

Author(s): Magdalena Graf,Małgorzata Cieliczko / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2015

The topic of the article is the wine, that is „read” from literary and linguistic perspectives. In the first part, authors show selected examples of presence of the wine in literary works and literary life, quoting excerpts, inter alia, from poetry of Charles Baudelaire and prose of Marek Bieńczyk. The second part concerns different ways of characterize of the wine. Linguistic analysis of labels and back-labels located at the bottles, where are descriptions of the wine, authors combine with presentation of professional idiolect of wine tasters.

Benjamin Fondane și problematica identității

Author(s): Costinel-Iulian PARTENIE / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2023

The issue of identity is a constant in the works of writers who belong to multiple cultures. The case of Benjamin Fondane is a special one precisely from this perspective. The poet decided to go to France because of the discrepancies between his vision and the Romanian literary world whose modernist movements were still at the beginning. Although he left his homeland, B. Fundoianu, who became Benjamin Fondane in his adoptive country, he continued to carry in his consciousness the spirit of his native places, being marked by their simplicity and, at the same time, their complexity. In fact, all these particularities can be argued by the biographical events of Fundoianu-Fondane: from a happy childhood, in places of archaic beauty and the first contact with literature, to the tragic end, full of dignity and resignation, in the Auschwitz extermination camp. Fundoianu-Fondane's literary evolution is marked by a perpetual search for identity, a place that corresponds to the spiritual demands of the creator. Reconstructing the key moments in Fundoianu Fondane’s biography allows the creation of an “identity portrait” rendered in the texts he signed over time. His conception of the complexity of the human being and the role that geographical and cultural spaces have on the constitution of an identity consciousness emerges from the texts he wrote and published both in the Romanian and in the French literary space.

L’absence de (re)pères et ses mécanismes destructifs. La part du fils ou (en)quête généalogique pour la récupération de l’identité

Author(s): Andreea-Roxana Dobrescu / Language(s): French Issue: 2/2023

The problem of identity, the questioning of one’s origins, have become the subject of the contemporary literature and of the modern individual in search of himself. Nevertheless, this propensity is not shared only by a recent past, it is rather an inborn feature of the humanity itself, a privileged subject of literature, transmitted from Antiquity. The novel La part du fils (Coatalem 2019) is also defined by this tendency of connecting the personal experience to the literature and thus transforming the theme of identity in a central subject of the story. The reason of writing, the quest of a grandfather, disappeared in the Second World War, the tenacity of the narrator, all these elements point to an explicit aim: to retrace the familial and the personal identity of the narrator. Animated by the idea of a familial and moral duty, the grandson undertakes a foray in the ex-concentration camps so as to symbolically encounter his grandfather. This fruitful research delivers a material rich in details about the practices of the Nazi system and particularly about the concentration machine. The unjustified arrests, the deportation, the forced labour, the violence, the starvation, the lack of sleep are the agents of the metamorphosis in the carceral space where most of the captives will have been annihilated. In the absence of the genealogical figures, the grandson, assuming the role of an archaeologist, will be completely committed to his quest which will help him recompose the familial identity and define his own identity.

Identité et diversité dans le(s) discours français : une approche socioterminologique

Author(s): Luciana Penteliuc-Cotoşman / Language(s): French Issue: 2/2023

Underpinned by the dialectic of Self and Other, which goes back to the origins of thought, the conceptual binomial identity-diversity is currently at the heart of the discourses in humanities and social sciences, especially the political and media discourse, it polarizes public debates, generating a plethora of terms shaped by tensions between groups of enunciators, struggles of influences and socio-political choices. This rich transdisciplinary terminology is declined in a multitude of usages which, while constantly proliferating and redefining it, lead to a certain vagueness of the terms whose meaning, often hermetic to the general public, is further obscured. The present work aims to explore this terminological set gravitating around the concepts of identity and diversity, the formation and dynamics of the terms considered in context and in discourse, the construction of meaning that is rooted in complex social practices and in the symbolic imagination. It is based on a heterogeneous corpus and placed in a socioterminological perspective allowing to combine the linguistic description of terminology with its diachronic and cultural dimension.

Dekadents teatrisituatsioonis Oscar Wilde’i „Salomé” näite

Author(s): Tanel Lepsoo / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 1-2/2024

The article stems from Jean-Paul Sartre’s concept of being in a situation, applied to examine two theatrical situations: the premiere of Oscar Wilde’s one-act tragedy “Salomé” in France, and the stage productions of the play in Estonia before and after World War II. The article demonstrates, in line with other studies, that in the French context, decadence mainly arises from the reluctance of bourgeois intellectuals to acknowledge their class membership and a yearning for the lifestyle of the aristocracy of the intellect, whereas in Estonia, (French) decadence is harnessed for cultural development and lofty aesthetic goals. It is noteworthy that “Salomé” is introduced to Estonian audiences during the building phases of the nation and hence also cul ture, both in 1919 and 1989. Due to spatial and temporal distance, the play’s sensuality wanes, and eroticism transforms into an exoticism of sorts. The directors find it challenging, and mostly do not aim, to apply the style and techniques characteristic of symbolism in the broader context of a realistic and psychological theatrical tradition. In conclusion, decadence, with its openness to the Other and inherent opposition to utilitarianism and progress, is inherently positive, and its retreat signals society’s stagnation and a pervasive bitterness.

Romańskie szlaki Marka Baterowicza

Author(s): Olga Płaszczewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 14/2023

The main purpose of the essay is to present Marek Baterowicz’s interest in Mediterranean culture and history. First of all some aspects of his biography are presented, including his fight for a passport and his exile. Subsequently, his achievements in the fields of poetry and translation (from Spanish, French and Italian) are analyzed and discussed. Moreover, the presence of Mediterranean motifs in Baterowicz’s writings is examined in order to sum up the dialogue with romanitas. Finally, the question of the situation of the artist in postmodern civilisation is posed.

L’oralité dans les romans de guerre : les différents aspects des gros mots chez Henri Barbusse et Ahmadou Kourouma

Author(s): Joanna Kotowska-Miziniak / Language(s): French Issue: 4/2023

The paper proposes to address, from a comparative perspective, the question of orality in two war novels: Henri Barbusse's autobiographical Le Feu (1916) and Ahmadou Kourouma’s fiction Allah n’est pas obligé (2000). In spite of a temporal distance, a generic framework and a narrative structure that separates the two novels, they both present one major common feature which is the concern to describe the martial experiences – real or imagined – in a direct and personal way, which finds its expression at the lexical level. Although Barbusse’s First World War soldiers do not use the same vocabulary as Kourouma’s child soldiers who took part in the fighting in Liberia and Sierra Leone in the 1990s, their language is characterized by the same abusive use of swear words. Apart from its primary function as an instrument of emotional liberation through an instantaneous cathartic discharge, “soldier’s talk” also plays the role of a communication tool that ensures integration within a community. Leaving aside its linguistic, geographical or historical particularities, the language of combatants from different countries crosses borders and acquires a universal dimension, as the bearer of the collective memory of the tumultuous twentieth century.

Kundera’s warnings are still relevant today

Author(s): Adam Reichardt / Language(s): English Issue: 05 (57)/2023

Interview with Samuel Abrahám, Slovak intellectual and editor in chief and publisher of the Slovak journal Kritika & Kontext, by Adam Reichardt.

Piękno w zwierciadle piękna – Torquato Tasso w wizjach Delacroix, Baudelaire’a i Norwida

Author(s): Olga Płaszczewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2008

The article constitutes a reflection on non-stereotyped attempts to interpret the myth of Torquato Tasso in the ecphrases of Charles Baudelaire and Cyprian Norwid. The direct source of creative inspiration here proves to be not so much the legend which had grown around the figure of the Italian poet (who is regarded almost as the embodiment of the Romantic visions of the brilliant, but rejected artist, a madman and unhappy lover), but a concrete work of art –namely the painting Le Tasse en prison (Tasso in Prison) by Eugene Delacroix as well as the studies and sketches which accompany it. A comparative analysis of the painting, drawings and Charles Baudelaire’s sonnet On “Tasso in Prison”, an epistolary commentary to Delacroix’painting (letter to Marian Sokołowski from the 9th October 1864) as well as Cyprian Norwid’s lyrical poem Wierny portret (fithful Portrait) allows one to make some worthwhile observations concerning the links between literature and painting, and in particular the Romantic conception of beauty inspired by beauty and generating beauty.

Përkthimet dhe parapëlqimet letrare e kulturore, si tregues i pozicionimit estetik-letrar dhe paratopisë krijuese të poetit Vilson Blloshmi

Author(s): Tomorr Plangarica / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 03-04/2022

This study aims to bring data and make interpretations for a very specific case in Albanian letters, for a poet whose creative works were brought into contact with the readers only many years after the death of their author. It is about Vilson Blloshmi (shot when he was 29 years old (1948-1977)), who wrote poetry, translated literary works, mainly from French literature, but could not make public either his original poetic creations or his literary translations, because, as a result of class prejudices, he failed to become part of the literary creative field of the time. Current contemporary approaches or points of view in literary studies, in the sciences of discourse and respectively in the analysis of literary discourse, concepts and interpretations for the biographical notions or categories themselves (the individual with the relevant extraliterary life biography), writer, speaker or recipient of utterances in the text (enonciateur), document/manuscript, literary text or literary work help in the examination and reinterpretation of V. Blloshmi`s manuscript literary legacy, which already in contact with today's reader, has been shaped as a literary work. Translations, as well as texts in French by French authors, mainly from the 19th and 20th centuries, copied by hand from various publications in the French language, create a poetic "anthology", which, even though it did not entirely come in the Albanian language, it nevertheless helps to know his literary and cultural preferences, his aesthetic positioning; helps the readers to get to know the poet's creative process, his creative paratopia; and, in this way, to re-understand and enjoy his original poetic creativity.

Editorial

Author(s): Najate Nerci / Language(s): English,French Issue: Si/2024

Ce numéro spécial de Synergy, regroupant les communications présentées lors de la conférence « Genre, pouvoir, discours » (Casablanca, Maroc, mars 2024), vise à mettre en lumière non seulement les structures qui produisent la hiérarchie des genres mais aussi les modes de l’action des individus, leurs discours et contre-discours circulant en Europe et en Afrique. Il mettra en lumière les négociations incessantes visant à remettre en question les schémas de pensée préexistants et à abolir la discrimination./This special issue of Synergy (in French), gathering papers presented at the conference "Genre, pouvoir, discours" (Casablanca, Maroc, March 2024) aims to shed light not only on the structures that produce gender hierarchy but also on the modes of action of individuals, their discourses and counter-discourses circulating in Europe and Africa. It will highlight the incessant negotiations to question pre-existing thought patterns and abolish discrimination.

DE LA DIFFÉRENCE À LA RESSEMBLANCE DES SEXES

Author(s): Thierry Hoquet / Language(s): French Issue: Si/2024

The phrase “sex difference” has raised many questions. The psychoanalyst Sabine Prokhoris (2002) amalgamated all the words to form a single syntagm speaking of “the difference between the sexes”. The anthropologist Françoise Héritier (1996) sees, for her part, the “sex difference” concept as the “ultimate barrier of thought”. Others have denounced in this formula a political concept which would instead be replaced by that of “sex resemblance” or “resemblance of the sexes”. Monique Wittig, for her part, observed in The Straight mind (2007) that the very term “difference” did not go without raising formidable questions: “The concept of ‘difference of the sexes’ […] ontologically constitutes women as different others. Men are not different. (Neither are the whites, nor the masters, but the Blacks are and the slaves too.). » We will endeavor, in this paper, to identify what is problematic in the “difference of the sexes”: its insistence on difference rather than resemblance; the division of the species into two parts whose relationship must still be clarified (opposition? complementarity?); the vagueness attached to the very concept of “difference”.

PAR-DELÀ LE FÉMININ NIÉ. POUR L’ÉTABLISSEMENT D’UN NOUVEL ORDRE SYMBOLIQUE DE LA DIFFÉRENCE

Author(s): Renato Boccali / Language(s): French Issue: Si/2024

Following Adriana Cavarero’s reflections on the classical Greek world, we propose to emphasize the role of the feminine in disrupting the masculine order, particularly through the counter-narratives offered by the voices of women who respond to the imposition of silence and passivity by expressing themselves. The hermeneutic strategy of the « pillage » of the classical and the unveiling of the original matrophobia will allow us to rethink the symbolic order of difference, starting from nativity as the fulcrum for thinking through a new relational ontology.

«EN TANT QUE MAMAN» OU «EN TANT QUE CITOYEN»: LA DÉNOTATION DES COMMUNAUTÉS D’APPARTENANCE DANS DES TÉMOIGNAGES POST-ATTENTATS AU PRISME DU GENRE

Author(s): Marie Chagnoux / Language(s): French Issue: Si/2024

We are aiming to explore how men and women are part of distinct belonging communities by systemically analyzing the conjunctive locution en tant que from both qualitative and quantitative perspectives of a corpus of post-attacks witness reports. If certain references are equally shared, more specifically the regilious, geographic and professional belonging, other belongings differ, depending on the interlocutor’s gender. The witnessing exercise offers the possibility for people to construe their own place in the event by assigning them intentional affective representations, a site for elaborating overlapping identities whose exploration is fruitful. We will also show how the gendered characteristic of the attacks narration illustrates how crisis situations reinforce representations of traditional gender roles.

LES FEMMES MAROCAINES EN SCIENCES, TECHNOLOGIES ET EMPLOI D’APRÈS LES RÉSULTATS D’UNE RECHERCHE COMPARATIVE INTERNATIONALE

Author(s): Rachida Nafaa / Language(s): French Issue: Si/2024

In Morocco, Hassan II University of Casablanca participated, with other Mediterranean establishments, to the SHEMERA project (2011-2014) with the aim of examining gender inequalities in science. Drawing on the Frascati Manual, the comparative study aims to strengthen the gender approach. The results obtained show that if women are well represented in the field of studies and administrative functions, they are underrepresented in management positions. At the academic level, they are more represented in medical sciences than in social and natural sciences. Hassan II University also participated in the TARGET project (2020-2023) with a view to institutionalizing the gender approach in its various instances.

UN FÉMINISME DÉCOLONIAL POUR UN ASPECT RELATIONNEL DU POUVOIR DANS L’ŒUVRE DE LÉONORA MIANO

Author(s): Loubaba BENSLIMANE,Sanae GHOUATI / Language(s): French Issue: Si/2024

Max Weber defines power as "the probability that an actor will be able to impose his will in a social relationship, despite possible resistance" (Weber, 1947). Léonora Miano gives a voice to the subalterns in her work in order to rewrite African history. A new discourse is thus constructed in her narrative through a hybrid form of writing that aims to renegotiate the place of women and their relationship to power in African societies. Adopting a systemic approach, our aim is to demonstrate how a new social contract takes shape in L. Miano's novels.

LES MASCULINITÉS HÉGÉMONIQUES DANS LA LITTÉRATURE MAROCAINE FRANCOPHONE, LES DÉCRIRE POUR MIEUX LES DÉCONSTRUIRE

Author(s): Ahmed Aziz HOUDZI / Language(s): French Issue: Si/2024

This article looks at hegemonic masculinities and the attempt to deconstruct them, or at least to critically examine their constitutive foundations in French-speaking Moroccan literature. This deconstruction, visible in the lives of certain characters, engages a new relationship with gender and its perception in a society governed by norms that value patriarchy and consolidate heteronormativity as the sole matrix of intelligibility of bodies and their hierarchization in the social field.

HYBRIDATION ET MÉTAMORPHOSE DU CORPS FÉMININ DANS AU BONHEUR DES LIMBES DE MOHAMED LEFTAH

Author(s): Elkhamissi KACHOUCHI / Language(s): French Issue: Si/2024

‘’If you want to write a novel, talk about women in your novel’’, said Mohamed Leftah in Au bonheur des limbes. Most of the female characters in this fiction are from the world of the night. The body transcends the classic boundaries of gender, described in its many changes. Our discussion will focus on its hybridization and multiple metamorphoses. We will begin by examining how hybridization undermines the usual biological classifications. We will then analyze the various transformations of the female body to finally show that the two aspects also relate to the scripturally and the art of writing.

Polskojęzyczna wersja gramatyki francuskiej François de Wailly’ego (1792) w świetle terminologii gramatycznej Onufrego Kopczyńskiego

Author(s): Marcin Jakubczyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2024

Applying the research methodology used in the history of linguistics, the study presents a synthesis of Polish grammatical terminology included in the grammar book of French written by François de Wailly, translated into Polish by Kajetan Kamieński. The work covers the subject matter including phonetics, spelling, morphology, syntax, and punctuation. The article discusses approximately a hundred Polish grammatical terms, and on this basis a conclusion is drawn that the translation by Kamieński proves to bea modern grammar, containing the latest Polish grammatical nomenclature of the currenttime, codified by Onufry Kopczyński in Gramatyka dla szkół narodowych [‘Grammarbook of Polish for national schools’] (1778–1785). This shows that Kamieński took mostof the terms from Kopczyński’s work. The study is the first analysis of the Polish-languageversion of the grammar book by de Wailly in literature on lingustics.

LE DÉCRYPTAGE DES FORMULES EXPRESSIVES EN FRANÇAIS, POLONAIS ET ITALIEN – ÇA TOMBE BIEN !

Author(s): Monika Grabowska / Language(s): French Issue: 5/2024