Varia: Recepcja literatury polskiej w Chinach: teoria i dzieje

Author(s): Yinan Li / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

Polish literature is popular in China. For over a hundred years some 330 works of Polish literature have been published in China along with hundreds of critical works. The article aims at presenting the reception of Polish literature in China, it discusses issues such as: the history of translation, the selection of translated works and translators’ interests, interpretation of the works and their significance for both Polish literature and Chinese society.

Funkcje toposu Szatana we współczesnym polskim dyskursie religijnym

Author(s): Marzena Makuchowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2016

In the contemporary Polish Catholic discourse one can notice increased presence of figure of Satan and Biblical topos of his fight with God. The figure appears not only in strictly religious texts but also in discussion on up to date phenomenon of social life, such as abortion, in-vitro fertilization, homosexual partnerships and others. The article is trying to answer the question about functions of this topos. The answer is being searched with usage of sociological findings on the role of language in religion and the role of religion in social life – both issues are discussed in the first chapter. The second chapter, based on fragments from catholic press, presents ways of language construction of analyzed figure. The third chapter focuses on four functions of the topos. The first one is to support religious vision of the world; the second is to strengthen so called nomos, which is the conjunction of rules on which the society is based; the next two functions have rhetorical, persuasive character. The Biblical topos is a kind of a rhetorical formula, which enables in an easy and simple way to explain and to judge the reality but at the same time it gives a very schematic and simplified picture.

Językowy wymiar paternalizmu – na przykładzie interakcji lekarz – pacjent i urzędnik – klient

Author(s): Mariusz Rutkowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2016

In the paper, the issue of paternalism in the institutional talks is presented. The main features of paternalism as a communication strategy are shown sketchy. The author analyses two talks: a medical consultations and an institutional talk in the office. On these examples some of the basic manifestations of paternalism are presented, among them the ignoring of the patient`s voice, doctor`s domination including his knowledge regarding the patient`s individual feelings, using of the informal phrase “ty” (“you”), using of diminutive forms. As the result, the voice of patient/client is outgrown or muted, and at the same time the voice of the institution is dominating, and even strengthened.

Z historii leksemów: gzić się, grzać się, parzyć się, bzykać się

Author(s): Zuzanna Krótki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 08/2016

The present article undertakes a semasiological analysis of four Polish vulgarisms associated with sexual intercourse: gzić się, grzać się, parzyć się, bzykać się. Taking is the point of departure their etymology, it investigates the changes in the meanings of these units. It was discovered that initially the analysed lexemes communicated a very wide range of content, far from their contemporary semantic structure. Successively, some of their senses were rearranged, causing these units to become attributed to animal copulation and later to human sexual intercourse. However, it was until the mid-20th century that the analysed verbs have come to play the role of vulgarisms.

Derywaty z interfiksem -i- / -i/y- oraz pierwszym członem czasownikowym w języku serbskim, rosyjskim oraz polskim

Author(s): Dragana M. Ratković / Language(s): Polish Issue: 51/2016

The paper gives a comparative historical analysis of derivative words with the i / i/y- interfix and a verb as the first component in Serbian, Russian and Polish from the standpoint of contemporary Slavic morphology (derivatology). The aim is to provide their description in terms of semantic variation. The author ascertains that all the three languages feature a derivational model of forming expressive lexis by means of the i / i/y- interfix, predominantly nouns, of mostly humorous and pejorative meaning. A special group is formed by onyms (nicknames turned surnames, but also toponyms, oronyms, hydronyms etc). This type of words first occurred in Serbian and Russian in the thirteenth century (possibly in Serbian in the eleventh century), and in Polish in the fifteenth century. Judging by the available sources, derivatives with the i- interfix appear frequently in historical as well as modern Serbian, Polish and Russian (much more in Serbian and Polish than in Russian). In Serbian and Russian pre-nineteenth-century sources chiefly given names and nicknames-turnedsurnames were noted (in Russian, also some animal and plant names as well as abstract nouns). In Old Polish, words of the discussed kind are zoological and botanical lexemes; from Middle Polish on, the lexemes encompass all semantic categories characteristic of modern Serbian and Russian. It should, however, be stressed that the inaccessibility of the spoken language as well as the limited number of sources introduce considerable uncertainty to observations regarding the time of origin and vocabulary of the first centuries of Slavic languages. This applies especially to expressively marked lexemes, a considerable portion of which is constituted by common nouns of the “A (verb) + -i- / -i/y- + B” model. In contemporary Serbian, Polish and Russian, the lexis formed by means of this derivational model is almost equally developed conceptually and relates predominantly to the same phenomena. Expressive words in all three languages are formed in the processes of metonymisation, metaphorisation, personification, hyperbolization and grotesque, and are characterized by numerous derivational and semantic equivalents.

Образы домашних и диких животных в польских, русских и украинских паремиях

Author(s): Nadiia Melnyk / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2016

Animalisms as the animalistic components of paremiaes play an important role in the semantic codes in Paremiology. The comparative and contrastive analysis of animalisms in the structure of Polish, Russian and Ukrainian paremiaes with the use of a biocentric approach allows us to describe the general and specific features of behaviour and characters that exist in the most widespread paremic images of wild and domestic animals. The animalistic images are typical of: the Polish, Russian and Ukrainian culture. The process of describing each category of animal which takes place in the paremiologic units supports the reconstruction of fragments of a linguistic world‑image and allows us to observe a correlation between such concepts as Animal and Human Being.

Aneksja kolektywu czy dyktat wybiórcy? Z zagadnień antologii tłumaczeń (na przykładzie nowych wyborów poezji rosyjskiej)

Author(s): Ewa Goczał / Language(s): Polish Issue: 157/2017

The article attempts to present the comparison of two translator’s achievements: Zbigniew Dmitroca’s Radio Swoboda and Jerzy Czech’s Wdrapałem się na piedestał. The anthologist’s work is considered here as both the act of translation and revelation — joining the translation of literary texts and their compilation in anthologies with scrutinizing the particular writers and literary phenomena as well as the process of translation itself, and introducing a new, transforming quality to the native poetry. A translator-anthologist can be perceived in that perspective as a link between two literary cultures, and also as an initiator of changes and an independent creator who develops, in his own language and on his own conditions, a certain new Polish canon of Russian poetry

Професор Марин Дринов и колекцията от славянски ръкописи на Българската национална библиотека

Author(s): Elena Uzunova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1-2/2015

The article represents some of the most famous Slavic manuscripts from the collection of the National Library “St. st. Cyril and Methodius”, received in the early twentieth century, acquired from the archive and the personal library of Professor Marin Drinov, leading Bulgarian scientist researching Bulgarian and South Slavic literature, history and culture and one of the leading lecturers in Kharkov University in Bulgarian history and literature. The author also briefly discusses some of M. Drinov’s papers related to various historical and philological projects on original texts of old Bulgarian literature as well as some written by famous Byzantine writers.

O nieporozumieniach komunikacyjnych na przykładzie nazw zawodowych kobiet (na materiale języka polskiego i rosyjskiego)

Author(s): Katarzyna Dembska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 132/2010

The author considers process to increase the quantity of vocational feminine forms in contemporary Russian and Polish languages, especially in press and Internet, because for a few years reactivation these forms in both languages is observed.The paper refers problem of disagreements in communication, which are caused by using vocational feminine names in masculine or feminine gender (e.g., masculine forms in general meanings: “Так я ведь женат на бизнесмене”; “Машинист Степанов женился на начальнике станции”; “Dyrekcja szkoły podstawowej w Gardnie zatrudni na stanowisko nauczycieli, polonistę i muzyka, najchętniej małżeństwo”). This problem in case of feminine gender is observed too and in this article the author gives examples of this phenomenon.

Българистиката в Полша през погледа на статиите в сп. „Език и литература“, брой 1–2, 2017

Author(s): Denitsa Zarkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 02/2017

Szkoła trudnych uczuć. „Igrzyska Śmierci” Suzanne Collins na lekcji języka polskiego

Author(s): Karolina Jędrych / Language(s): Polish Issue: 26/2017

In the article the author analyzes and interprets fragments of the first two chapters of the novel The Hunger Games by Suzanne Collins. She shows how to create the initial characterization of the book’s heroine, Katniss Everdeen, basing on selected fragments. In the following part of the article, the heroine’s feelings are analyzed, especially those she experienced during the harvest festivities, when she volunteered for the Hunger Games, thus replacing her younger sister. Careful reading of these fragments of the text makes it possible to name the emotions of the heroine and to have a closer look at how the description of internal experiences looks like. At the end, the author asks a few questions about both emotions and human morality. These questions may be put after reading the text at school, and may be discussed with students.

Kilka przepisów na szkołę, czyli o pojęciu „szkoła” w 1. rozdziale „Ustawy o systemie oświaty”

Author(s): Diana Jagodzińska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 26/2017

The article is aimed at exploring the meaning of the term “school” in selected regulations of educational law. It explains the specificity of legal texts and the rules governing the establishing of the principles of functioning in the public sphere in their content. Next, it presents the motives for the modification of commonly understood ideas in the text of the legal act. The described phenomenon has been illustrated with the school image reconstructed on the basis of the content of Chapter 1 of the „Act on the education system”. In the given passage, the ways of defining the term “school” and their relation to the tasks imposed on the school by the text of the Act have been analyzed. Thus the article reproduces the linguistic image of school, which lies at the basis of the established regulations and therefore should be taken into account when adopting the educational law.

Dydaktyka uniwersytecka jako nowy przedmiot w programie studiów doktoranckich. Wybrane zagadnienia

Author(s): Magdalena Marzec‑Jóźwicka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 26/2017

This article presents an exemplary programme of classes in didactics at university. The author also briefly characterizes the subjects of education, i.e. students and lecturers, drawing attention to their behaviour and roles in the process of modern university education.

Sarmatyzm i sebastianizm w perspektywie iberyjsko-słowiańskiej. Wokół lizbońskiego projektu „Vieira Global”

Author(s): Beata Cieszyńska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2018

The article aims at presenting the context of the future edition of Vieira’s selected works. The author of the article attempts to outline the historical and cultural horizons of Lusitania and Poland in Vieira’s times and discusses the Polish ‘issues’ in Viera’s writing. The comparative analysis of the two countries is based on national myths (especially the ones of the messianistic character). In order to explain the role of Poland in Vieira’s writing, the concept of Antemurale Christianitatis has been recalled.

Национална научна конференция с чуждестранно участие „Фолклористика и етнология в Средна и Югоизточна Европа“ в чест на 60-годишния юбилей на проф. д-р Владимир Пенчев

Author(s): Irina Kolarska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2018

60th Anniversary of Prof. Vladimir Penchev, PhD

Polonistyczne obrazy świata. Szkic o kulturowych źródłach dydaktyki szkolnej

Author(s): Marta Krasuska-Betiuk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 49 (2)/2017

This text’s aim is to draw implications for school didactics that result from the human being’s entanglement in the orders of both, nature and culture. In her considerations, the author attempts at a re-enactment of the manner in which complementary arrangements of nature and culture find their common ground in educational thought, and their objective expression in the sphere of Polish teachers’ education. Yet, the said considerations do not involve all facets of the school subject in question, neither do they relate to any particular stage of education. What is elucidated herein, are merely selected questions of literary culture, namely, the essence of contemporary reading practice being a premise upon which one may raise a cultural anthropology concept of the literary-cultural education that echoes the views by Polish Studies’ theoreticians and practitioners.

Translation of Fiction as a Specific Form of Bulgarian-Slovak Intercultural Communication

Author(s): Maria Dobrikova / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2018

The introductory part of the study presents brief characteristics of Slovník slovenských prekladateľov umeleckej literatúry. 20. storočie (Dictionary of Slovak literary translators. 20th century) and basic information on the translators of Bulgarian literature who are included into it. Presented in the second part are the literary works and translations of Maria Topolska, the most productive translator of Bulgarian literature in Slovakia whose personal life and professional career were inseparably connected with Bulgaria.

Les démarches et problèmes à résoudre dans les études comparatives — la prédication nominale en français et en polonais

Author(s): Grażyna Vetulani / Language(s): French Issue: 30/2018

Observations collected in this paper result from our research on predicate nominatives in French and Polish. We focus on: 1) definition of the concept of predication in French versus Polish language linguistic tradition, 2) methodological issues concerning data acquisition and description procedures; traditional versus computer-assisted methods, 3) evaluation of reference corpora used for acquisition of predicative nouns in both concerned languages, 4) format of lexicographical descriptions of predicative expressions.

Двоичните имена (Nomina mota) в славянските езици (с особен оглед към български език)

Author(s): Ivan Kochev,Ivan Yustinianov Kochev,Liliqna Domuschieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/1998

On the basis of a rich comparative material from the Slav languages the essential noun forming models in the category presented by gender couples, have been established: 1. The most widely spread is the model, where the masculine form is transformed as a basis, to whish is attached the feminine formant, for instance the cases with suffices: - in Bulgarian and Polish (приятел - приятелка; przyjaciel - przyjaciotka)', -ица/ -ница прщател>-прщател>ица, приятель приятельница in Serbian and Russian). Besides, a diversity of the cases may appear connected with the competition of the suffices, compare with Czeck (pfitelnice - pfitelkyne). Basic suffix for feminine formations in all Slav languages is -ka (with its extended suffices).

The Specifics of Bulgarian Proverbs in the Russian-Bulgarian-Czech-Slovak-English Paremiological Core

Author(s): Marina Yu. Kotova / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2019

The Russian-Bulgarian-Czech-Slovak-English paremiological core was revealed by the author in 2018. It is based on the Russian paremiological minimum of G. L. Permyakov and its reflection in the three Slavonic languages and the English language. The core is a condensation of a few author’s published collections of frequent current Slavonic and English proverbs and the results of the author’s sociolinguistic paremiological experiment. Special attention is paid to the semantics of Bulgarian proverbs as proverbial parallels of Russian paremiological minimum and – for the first time –t o the semantic specifics of Bulgarian proverbs as a part of the analyzed 5-languages paremiological core.