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This study is an analytical survey of sanatoriums built and arranged in the Republic of Latvia during the inter-war period, broadening the view on the healthcare architecture at that time. In Latvia's history of sanatorium architecture that began in the 1870s and lasted till the 1980s, the 1920s-30s saw the peak of the sanatorium construction type as a well-considered, stylistically consistent architectural object, organically blending in with the landscape and surrounding buildings. Leading architects of the time, like Ernests Štālbergs, Kaŗlis Bikše and Aleksandrs Klinklāvs, have greatly contributed to the development of Latvia's sanatoruium architecture. Because of specific requirements for sanatoriums, the researched objects are mostly located outside Riga - in rural areas and former resorts throughout Latvia. The book contains a summary of 7000 words and an a list of images in English.
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The authors of the studies included in the book interpret Sholem Asch’s works, their universal meanings and references to various cultural patterns. Sholem Asch’s prose joins biblical values, the fundaments of Judaism and Christianity, history and modern age, Jewish tradition and Polish culture.
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A collection of essays dedicated to the memory of a renowned Shakespeare scholar Andrzej Żurowski (1944–2013). The book is devoted to the interpretation and reception of Shakespeare’s works in Polish theatre and abroad, to theatrical practices and various dramatic devices, to translations and comparative studies, as well as to polemics and Shakespearean inspirations in broadly defined culture: in music, iconography, and translation. A diverse study of the phenomenon of the contemporary and global Shakespeare.
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This book focuses on togetherness within a Chinese traditional family. Step by step, the specific structure of this kind of family, and the set of social codes and regulations it uses, unfolds. Although what is being discussed is an ideal image of a family, it has to be taken into account as the model which real families follow. In eight chapters, specific cultural and social phenomena are described, being, in the realm of the living: family, matrimony, and child-rearing; in the realm of the dead: ancestor worship, funeral rites, and visions of afterlife; and finally on the spiritual level, folk religion, traditional festivities, and attempts to change one’s destiny. For better understanding, the text is supplemented with pictures.
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The volume of proceedings brings together papers written by student of art history from all of the university departments of art history in Czech Republic. The papers were presented within the konference Paragone II. Competition for prof. Milan Togner Prize that was organized at Art History Department of Masaryk University in 2015.
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The publication follows the traditional rural house from the point of view of building materials, house arrangement, echoes of styles as well as timbered and sacral buildings. It features an interdisciplinary approach that includes methodological procedures applied by architects, preservationists, historians and ethnologists. Even though the rural house was a theme of synthetic works, one did not succeed in explaining all the genetic and typological issues; moreover, the researchers’ interpretations differ on a lot of phenomena. Historical research of constructions and ethnologic research, applying new methods of dating recently, as well as plan documentation discovered in archive funds offer new knowledge that corrects the hitherto findings based on the application of traditional macroscopic methods.
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Dacă primele două numere ale revistei A Treia Europă au fost consacrate unor teme importante ale culturii central- -europene, începând cu numărul dublu 3-4 am introdus un alt criteriu de organizare a cercetărilor noastre, încercând să ne concentrăm analiza asupra literaturilor țărilor din regiune. Primul subiect al acestor investigații a fost Polonia, al cărei destin plin de dramatism și de tensiuni l-am socotit paradigmatic pentru înțelegerea întregii dinamici politice și culturale a zonei. O a doua etapă din acest vast program se realizează acum prin numărul consacrat Ungariei, mai precis dialogului dintre culturile română și maghiară. în anii următori revista noastră își va orienta atenția asupra celorlalte culturi din Europa Centrală. De ce Ungaria? în primul rând, datorită literaturii sale contemporane extrem de dinamică, foarte bine reprezentată din punct de vedere al traducerilor în cele mai importante limbi de circulație internațională, o literatură care își datorează vitalitatea talentului câtorva scriitori de mare calibru, din rândul cărora se detașează tripleta (atent investigată și în paginile revistei noastre) Esterhâzy-Konrâd-Nâdas. Apoi, contactelor directe dintre reprezentanții Fundației A Treia Europă și intelectuali maghiari de marcă ai momentului, care au culminat cu vizita la Timișoara a lui Konrâd György, președintele Academiei de Arte din Berlin. Rezultatul acestei întâlniri este un volum din seria „Seminar” în curs de apariție la Editura Polirom. întâlnirile unor grupuri de intelectuali români cu o parte a elitei intelectuale maghiare în cadrul unor colocvii organizate la Centrul Cultural Român din Budapesta din inițiativa directorului său, Anamaria Pop, parteneriatele academice ale Centrului de studii comparate central- și sud-est-europene al Fundației A Treia Europă cu Universitatea Eötvös Lorând din Budapesta și Universitatea din Szeged, colaborarea intensă și fructuoasă a revistei noastre profesori de literatură maghiară și comparată de la Universitatea Babeș-Bolyai, dar și cu tinerii redactori ai revistei Korurik din Cluj au fost de natură să stimuleze conceperea și realizarea numărului de față. Nu în ultimul rând trebuie să evocăm o Timișoară a excepționalei relații româno-maghiare, exprimată de reviste trilingve (română-germană-maghiară), dar și de eminenți traducători, autentici mediatori între culturi, precum Franyo Zoltân, Aurel Buteanu, Andrei Lillin, Ion Stoia-Udrea ș.a. Mulțumirile noastre se îndreaptă spre toți cei care au fost alături de noi în acest efort : Anamaria Pop, Balâzs Imre-Jözsef, Horvath Andor, Farkas Jenö, Maria Pongrâcz-Popescu, revistele Observator cultural și Korunk. Nu în ultimul rând, mulțumim generoșilor finanțatori care au sprijinit realizarea programelor noastre de cercetare și de editare a revistei : Fundația Pro Helvetia și Fundația Culturală Europeană din Amsterdam.
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Social reality appears ordered to the members of society only because they are actively involved in its design. This period of order and arrangement of social reality enables that reality to be understandable to its members. In order to survive, they must constitute a world of meaning and live within it. Without symbols there would be no human interaction and no human society. But the task of sociology is the "deconstruction" of symbols and their meanings and the construction of the world of meanings adopted by members of society on the way to building a community that strives for the "common good". So that new meanings do not become an "ideological network" for individuals and collectivities, the basis of sociological research should be focused on three levels of their analysis: epistemological-logical, structural-historical, anthropological-ontological. On this path, fundamental knowledge of social sciences and humanities is necessary. The choice of knowledge of scientific disciplines and their methods in deciphering the symbols of social reality will be conditioned by the need of the moment. According to Spasić (Spasić 2004), sociology faces the following disciplinary tasks in the modern world: to reject the man-nature dichotomy, since there is less and less certainty in both the natural and social sciences, the complex, temporal and unstable are increasingly emphasized; reject the state as a self-evident framework for theorizing and research and focus on the local, regional and transnational levels; to accept the tension between the universal and the particular; understand objectivity in a new way – the crisis of Western scientific objectivity cannot be resolved by adopting subjectivity, but by accepting pluralism, discussion and learning. Within sociology, three shifts are discussed: no institutional order is taken as a given anymore, but the process of their "construction" is followed through the actions of the actors involved; it is emphasized that social actors are not passive products of patterns and structures, but are autonomous participants in their formation; the importance of power and the aspect of symbolic construction of reality in shaping institutional orders. The "new" sociology follows these changes in social reality, on the other hand it reflects the changed theoretical environment. Within everyday behavior, one actually tries to find answers to the questions of how decisions are made, how routines are created and how rules are followed or broken. Valid rules – routines and regularities in behavior are studied in such a way as to show us how the circumstances in which we live and act are socially organized. Looking beyond the surface and the seemingly observable, to discover the meanings behind it. Why do we have rules for different situations, how are these rules formed and why do we follow them? (Scott 2009) The "turn" made by M. Heidegger with his concept of being beinghere (German: Dasein) seriously called into question one of the central concepts of classical philosophy, the concept of the subject: Heidegger denies the identity of the subject, i.e. the notion that it represents a set of permanent and unchanging properties that make it the same. Instead, being-heremeans a constant self-determination in a social context. The notion of a subject completely conditioned by the external world, which is otherwise at the basis of positivism, was seriously contested. This also highlights the considerable emptiness and lack of meaning of that "mathematical" picture of the world that positivism, following the example of the natural sciences, tries to create about society. What we could distinguish today as operative from the legacy of classical sociology are the following attitudes: soften the boundaries towards other related sciences, reject the man-nature dichotomy, and deal with the reality of social facts. Only sociology, whose epistemological basis is phenomenology, can speak about the laws of nature and society, about "social matter" and its negation, about man and his spiritual ascent, and psychological states and frustrations, weak and correct intuitions, etc. social facts" phenomenological reduction through which the essence (eidos) of things is known. Because, only through their own spiritual reflection can sociologists bring scientific knowledge into harmony or unity with the original human nature, which by itself strives for that goal, and said harmony would be reflected in knowledge that would be a testimony of a unique "picture of the world" in man and in the cosmos. In Hegel's language, the same mental basis pervades all Reality, both natural and social. The theoretical basis of the manuscript includes the main ideas of theories of action and modern historical sociology adapted to the historical and cultural peculiarities of Bosnian society. Briefly stated, Sztompka's explanation of social development and action through the concept of social change within modern historical sociology explains that historical transformations include not only actors, structures and actors, not only actions, operations and practices, not only environments of 181 nature and consciousness, but also connections between all these, the ways in which they combine to create social dynamics. Over time, the very principles of work, the way of functioning and changes in human society undergo significant transformations. Not only does action change in the course of its own practice, but social becoming changes its way in the course of history (Sztompka 2004). However, there is always a core of tradition, which is passed down from generation to generation, for long periods of time. As a result, the process is endowed with significant continuity and cumulativeness.
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In the edition was published the famous Cyrillo-Methodian bibliography of Grigoriy Il’inskiy – an edition of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences in 1934. The bibliography is accompanied by study of Sv. Nikolova about the life and activities of Gr. Il’inskiy and bibliography of the Bulgarian Cyrillo-Methodian contributions during the period 1846-1934.
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Civilizations exist with culture, art, science, wisdom and national spirit. The continuation of the nations is possible with the preservation and transfer of the roots that carry these dynamics. Anatolia, which has hosted many civilizations for centuries; With its history, social structure, geography and cultural texture, it has been an ancient center of togetherness and culture for centuries. In this context, we are aware that we are aware of the important values in cultural and artistic studies in revealing the richness of Anatolian geography. Although the form and expression of artistic works are different, they have served a social purpose. This book, where knowledge meets talent and different business studies come together, consists of sections prepared by artists from various activities in the field of fine arts. Seven, which will contribute to the field of fine arts with the study.
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Zaman insanoğlu için en önemli kavramlarından biridir. E.H. Carr’ın belirttiği gibi geçmiş ile bugün arasında kesintisiz bir iletişim mevcuttur. Dolayısıyla insan ve toplumun geçmiş ve bugün arasında maddi, manevi bağı kaçınılmazdır. Geçmişin yorumu ile günün algılanması, gelecekte olabilecekler, birbiriyle örüntü halindedir. Bu açıdan her millet kendi tarihini ve tarihi çevresini tanımak zorundadır. İlk sıralar tarih öğretimi, hükümdarların kendi idolojilerini halka benimsetme vasıtası olarak, aynı zamanda hükümdar adaylarının da eğitiminde bir disiplin aracı olarak kullanıldı. Daha sonraları klasik dillerin öğretiminde tarihten yararlanıldığı görülmektedir. 16. yüzyıldan itibaren dini metinlerin, tarihsel çerçevede daha iyi kavranabilmesi için tarih çalışmalarının kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Tarih çalışmaları, Descartes ve Bacon’un bilimde metodun altını çizmeleriyle güç buldu. Vico ve Montesquieu ile başlayan ilmi ilerleme tarih felsefesi kuramcılarının çalışmalarına yansıdı ve tarih 19. yüzyıldan itibaren bilim dalları arasında yerini aldı. Türkiye’de modern tarih çalışmalarının temeli, cumhuriyetin ilanından sonra Mustafa Kemal Atatürk tarafından atıldı. Osmanlı Devleti zamanında tarih çalışmaları, ağırlıklı olarak ümmetçi tarih anlayışı doğrultusunda hazırlanmaktaydı. Tanzimat Fermanı’nın ilanıyla birlikte Osmanlı tarihi çalışmalarına, II. Meşrutiyet’in ilanından sonra ulusçu tarih çalışmalarına ağırlık verildiği görülmektedir. Dönemin şartları gereği çalışmalar yeterince bilimsel hazırlanmamıştır. Cumhuriyetin ilanıyla birlikte dil ve tarih çalışmaları ulusal hedefler doğrultusunda hazırlanmıştır. Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Türk tarihinin dünya medeniyetine önemli katkısının ve çok eski çağları kapsayan zengin bir geçmişi olduğunun altını çizerek, Türk tarihi ile ilgili yanlış iddiaların ispatlanması açısından objektif ve bilimsel metod uygulanarak, belgelere dayalı ulusal tarih çalışmalarına ağırlık verilmesi gerektiğini her fırsatta belirtmiştir. Cumhuriyetin ilk yılları inkılapların halka benimsetilmesine ağırlık verildiği için tarih çalışmalarına 1928 yılı itibariyle ağırlık verilmiştir. Türk Ocaklarının 6. Kurultayında “Türk Tarih Heyeti ” kurulmuştur. Atatürk’ün de içinde olduğu bu heyet toplamda sekiz toplantı gerçekleştirmiş, Türk Ocaklarının kapatılması üzerine Atatürk’ün yönergesiyle "Türk Tarihi Tetkik Cemiyeti" kurulmuştur.
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A book of recollections by one of the most prominent Polish cultural studies scholar, devoted to the persons who have shaped him. It offers a series of personal accounts of Andrzej Mencwel’s encounters with the lives and works of creators of modern Polish culture, most of the biographies and events described are associated with the University of Warsaw.
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This volume contains the papers presented at 2023 edition of the Annual International Conference of the Institute for Bulgarian Language Prof. Lyubomir Andreychin at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences .The Conference is a prestigious forum for sharing the latest achievements and trends in all areas of the study of the Bulgarian language in Bulgaria and around the world, as well as the advances of the ten departments of the Institute, including research carried out under national and international projects and in cooperation with scholarly centers in Bulgaria and abroad.
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The volume addresses important issues of Polish-Slovenian intercultural dialogue and its multifaceted nature. It has been divided into five parts, each dealing with a different type of relationship and often deepening and supplementing previous reflection on the subject. Some texts, moreover, uncover areas of Polish-Slovenian dialogue that are still completely unknown. The first part deals with direct Polish-Slovenian contacts, experiences that constitute a biographical feature and are related to various types of wanderings. The authors of the texts collected in the second part present intertextual relations in the sphere of themes and literary structures between Polish and Slovenian writers. In the next part, the authors' attention is focused on literary translations, which are an important manifestation of Polish-Slovenian and Slovenian-Polish intercultural dialogue and are an expression of the need to bring the two cultures closer together and to translate them through the medium of literature. The intercultural dialogue at the level of linguistic structures, content and expression, is described in the articles collected in the next part of the volume. The last part is devoted to the sphere of education, promotion of the language and culture of both countries, cooperation in the field of higher education or selected aspects of language policy in higher education in Poland and Slovenia. The volume Polish-Slovenian Intercultural Dialogue is the outcome of the first exclusively Slovenian academic conference in Poland and in the world devoted to cultural contacts between Poland and Slovenia.
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The book deals with individual and collective biographies of people and groups associated with the 18th century. It is divided into several separate sections, which encompass groups such as peasants, citizens, nobility, soldiers, monks, spiritual figures, intellectuals, artists, as well as other social and professional groups. The biographies presented here aim to provide a comprehensive example for the social and professional categories to which they belonged.
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After the collapse of the political ideas that emerged from the revolutionary movement of 1848/49, a regime of neo-absolutism was introduced in the lands of the Habsburg Monarchy. During its ten-year period, the beginnings of the Pravaš ideology can be found. Ante Starčević and Eugen Kvaternik, disappointed by the collapse of the Revolution and its ideas of national and civil liberties, founded Pravaštvo as a new Croatian national integration and political ideology. In building the Pravaš ideology, its founders were inspired by the liberal principles of the French Revolution in their thinking about the Croatian state-legal tradition. Both undoubtedly emphasized the establishment of the Croatian state as their ultimate goal. During the session of the Croatian Parliament in 1861, the nucleus of the Party of Rights and its future versions was created. The representations of the renewed Rijeka County, which were accepted by its assembly and composed by A. Starčević, the great notary of Rijeka County, give the new party its first programmatic principles. All of them are contained in Starčević's fundamental idea that the Kingdom of Croatia is "completely independent of any state".
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The book contains texts on the figure of Sigismund II Augustus in Polish culture from his death in 1572 to modern times. They present such issues related to the reception of the period as funeral poetry of late Renaissance, historical novels of Józef Ignacy Kraszewski, 20th century film, and modern literature for children and teenagers.
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The costume is the daily national clothing of a Bulgarian from the Renaissance to the 20th century. The Bulgarian costume is a visualization of identity. Through the folk costume, we get a representation of the life of our ancestors. It is a daily wear, but by adding various artistic elements - decorations to the daily wear, it turns into a festive wear. The costume is worn by both men and women, it is specific and distinctive for each of the Bulgarian ethnographic regions. After the Liberation of Bulgaria in 1878, the influence of urban clothing was visible, and the costume began to be worn less often. Today, costumes are used in artistic self-activity, in applied crafts and art, there is also a trend of weaving artistic elements and ornaments from costumes into modern clothing. Vasil Kolev's textbook "Palette of Pirin and Ograzhden costumes" presents the results of a three-year research project, conducted in the form of an ethnographic expedition, organized by a distinguished teacher Georgi Hristov at the PG "Yane Sandanski" in the city of Sandanski, and gives the young generation the opportunity to get to know, research and analyze the beauty and messages of Pirin and Ograden costumes. More than 60 participants in the "Meeting of Costumes" festival present the costumes they searched for, and Georgi Hristov collects them in an album. Vasil Kolev's contribution is that he gives new life to the collected materials through their digitization and the possibility of their reaching students, researchers, and the general public.
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