XXV. mezinárodní kolokvium o regionálních vědách: Sborník příspěvků
25th International Colloquium on Regional Sciences: Conference proceedings
Contributor(s): Vladimír Žítek (Editor), Viktorie Klímová (Editor)
Subject(s): Politics, Business Economy / Management, Agriculture, Regional Geography, Governance, Economic policy, Environmental and Energy policy, Health and medicine and law, Economic development, Public Finances, Socio-Economic Research, Transport / Logistics
Published by: Masarykova univerzita nakladatelství
Keywords: regional studies; economic development; Czech Republic;
Summary/Abstract: The conference proceedings consists of papers presented at the 25th International Colloquium on Regional Sciences that was organized by Department of Regional Economics and Administration FEA MU. It contains 57 articles arranged by topic. The individual articles deal with e.g. socioeconomic disparities among regions, regional policy, territory attractiveness, tourism, or regional public administration.
- E-ISBN-13: 978-80-280-0068-4
- Print-ISBN-13: 978-80-280-0068-4
- Page Count: 472
- Publication Year: 2022
- Language: Slovak, English, Czech
AKUMULÁCIA ĽUDSKÉHO KAPITÁLU NEDÁVNYCH ABSOLVENTOV ŠKÔL V REGIÓNOCH EURÓPY
AKUMULÁCIA ĽUDSKÉHO KAPITÁLU NEDÁVNYCH ABSOLVENTOV ŠKÔL V REGIÓNOCH EURÓPY
(ACCUMULATION OF HUMAN CAPITAL OF RECENT GRADUATES IN EUROPEAN REGIONS)
- Author(s):Štefan Rehák
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Higher Education , Human Resources in Economy
- Page Range:8-14
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:human capital; recent graduates; Theil T index;
- Summary/Abstract:The article aims to explore the development of differences in the accumulation of human capital in European regions. Specifically, we analyze the human capital accumulation of recent school leavers through data on the average number of years of education in NUTS2 regions of Europe between 2000 and 2020. The results of the decomposition of Theil's T index point to a reduction in regional disparities in human capital in Europe. However, this is the result of reducing disparities between countries rather than between regions within countries. In Central and Eastern Europe, the increase in human capital has been linked to an increase in intra-regional disparities due to the concentration of educated young graduates in the capital regions. The results show that the uneven accumulation of human capital in the regions of Central and Eastern Europe will be an important determinant of the development of regional disparities in the future.
TŘETÍ ROLE UNIVERZIT: JAKOU ROLI HRAJÍ ČESKÉ REGIONÁLNÍ UNIVERZITY NA POLI REGIONÁLNÍ ANGAŽOVANOSTI?v
TŘETÍ ROLE UNIVERZIT: JAKOU ROLI HRAJÍ ČESKÉ REGIONÁLNÍ UNIVERZITY NA POLI REGIONÁLNÍ ANGAŽOVANOSTI?v
(THE THIRD ROLE OF UNIVERSITIES: WHAT ROLE DO CZECH REGIONAL UNIVERSITIES PLAY IN THE FIELD OF REGIONAL ENGAGEMENT?)
- Author(s):VLADIMÍRA ŠILHÁNKOVÁ, Martin Maštálka
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Regional Geography, Higher Education , Economic development
- Page Range:15-22
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:university; third role / triple helix; region; regional development;
- Summary/Abstract:Institutional approaches to regional development are based on the idea that it is public institutions that create the institutional framework for the quality development of the region. Individual directions then try to identify the key actors who will become the main moderator / facilitator of the development of the region. The Triple Helix theory, as such a key development actor, defines a local university. He attributes to it the so-called "third role", where, in addition to research and teaching, it is the university that takes over the facilitation of further development of the region. In the Czech Republic, the third role of universities is supported at the state level, and individual regional universities are motivated to accept this role. But the approaches are quite different. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the approaches of selected regional universities in the Czech Republic to their "third role" in regional development over the past five years. The strategic objectives of universities in the area of their regional engagement and implemented activities in five areas (1) science for the public, (2) promotion of scientific literacy, (3) community outreach, (4) civic engagement, and (5) social entrepreneurship were analyzed for the period 2016- 2020. The analysis showed that the regional involvement of universities in the Czech Republic is very limited and focuses mainly on the areas of support for scientific literacy and civic engagement.
PRIESTOROVÉ ASPEKTY VÝVOJA VYSOKOŠKOLSKY VZDELANÉHO OBYVATEĽSTVA NA SLOVENSKU MEDZI ROKMI 1991 AŽ 2021
PRIESTOROVÉ ASPEKTY VÝVOJA VYSOKOŠKOLSKY VZDELANÉHO OBYVATEĽSTVA NA SLOVENSKU MEDZI ROKMI 1991 AŽ 2021
(SPATIAL ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TERTIARY-EDUCATED POPULATION IN SLOVAKIA BETWEEN 1991 AND 2021)
- Author(s):Oliver RAFAJ, Dana Kubenkova
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Higher Education , Social development, Transformation Period (1990 - 2010), Present Times (2010 - today)
- Page Range:23-29
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:human capital; tertiary-educated population; population density; municipality;
- Summary/Abstract:The tertiary-educated population is considered an important production factor in the economy. This paper focuses on the development of the tertiary-educated population in Slovak municipalities over the last thirty years. In this paper, we focused on examining the development of human capital at the level of Slovak municipalities, which ultimately represents a development in more than 2,800 territorial units. The aim of the paper was to present the spatial aspects of the development of the tertiary-educated population in Slovakia. Furthermore, we wanted to examine what changes occurred during the observed period in the supply of the tertiary-educated population among the municipalities of Slovakia. Moreover, we examined the relationship between the development of the tertiary-educated population and the population density. Tertiary-educated population represents the highest level of human capital and is associated with positive socio-economic effects not only for individuals, but also for larger society. High population density indicates the presence of a larger number of firms, as well as a larger number and a wider variety of services, which are characteristic for cities. In this paper, we estimated the functional relationship between the increase in the tertiary-educated population and the level of population density at the municipal level. The results show that in a municipality, where one extra inhabitant lives per square kilometre, the number of tertiary-educated inhabitants increased by four between 1991 and 2021.
COOPERATION BETWEEN UNIVERSITIES AND COMPANIES IN LESS DEVELOPED REGIONS OF THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC
COOPERATION BETWEEN UNIVERSITIES AND COMPANIES IN LESS DEVELOPED REGIONS OF THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC
(COOPERATION BETWEEN UNIVERSITIES AND COMPANIES IN LESS DEVELOPED REGIONS OF THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC)
- Author(s):Klaudia Glittova, Juraj Šebo, Miroslav Šipikal
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Regional Geography, Higher Education , Economic development
- Page Range:30-36
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:research cooperation; universities; less developed regions;
- Summary/Abstract:Business and university cooperation, and in particular research cooperation, is one of the key factors for the development of innovation and subsequent economic growth. However, despite the positive benefits, cooperation in some countries, such as the Slovak Republic, is not very significant. The importance of cooperation is growing in regions where a critical mass of innovative enterprises is lacking. The aim of this article is to analyze the current state of cooperation between manufacturing companies and universities in less developed regions of the Slovak Republic. We examined this through a questionnaire survey conducted among manufacturing companies. The results show that universities are one of the least used sources of information for innovation for companies, and the overall low level of cooperation with them compared to other countries corresponds to this. Large companies and companies producing more complex products cooperate significantly more. At the same time, we did not find differences between domestic and foreign companies, nor are there any statistically significant differences between companies from different regions.
ALOKACE NEPŘÍMÉ PODPORY VÝZKUMU A VÝVOJE V PODNICÍCH NA ÚROVNI ČESKÝCH OKRESŮ
ALOKACE NEPŘÍMÉ PODPORY VÝZKUMU A VÝVOJE V PODNICÍCH NA ÚROVNI ČESKÝCH OKRESŮ
(ALLOCATION OF INDIRECT SUPPORT FOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN COMPANIES AT THE LEVEL OF CZECH DISTRICTS)
- Author(s):Vladimír Žítek, Viktorie Klímová
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Methodology and research technology, Fiscal Politics / Budgeting
- Page Range:37-44
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:research and development; tax incentives for R&D; spatial allocation; regional differences; Czech districts;
- Summary/Abstract:The paper deals with the spatial distribution of indirect support for research and development in the Czech Republic. This support has been provided to companies since 2005 and takes the form of deductions from the income tax base. The aim of the paper is to analyse the spatial allocation of indirect support for research and development in companies at the level of Czech districts. The analysis is based mainly on the total amount of support and the number of beneficiaries in the period 2014 to 2018, both at the level of absolute values and according to the relative values per capita. The presented results show the top 10 districts for each indicator. Furthermore, all regions are divided into five groups according to their deviation from the average. The results of the analysis revealed that in addition to the expected above-average position of Prague, Brno and Mladá Boleslav districts, companies located in the Moravian districts near the border with Slovakia play a relatively important role in the support system. In particular, the districts of the Ústí nad Labem and Karlovy Vary regions reached very poor values.
KNOWLEDGE INTENSIVE BUSINESS SERVICES KIBS AS AN INDICATOR OF ECONOMIC LEVEL: THE POSITION OF VISEGRAD REGIONS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION
KNOWLEDGE INTENSIVE BUSINESS SERVICES KIBS AS AN INDICATOR OF ECONOMIC LEVEL: THE POSITION OF VISEGRAD REGIONS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION
(KNOWLEDGE INTENSIVE BUSINESS SERVICES KIBS AS AN INDICATOR OF ECONOMIC LEVEL: THE POSITION OF VISEGRAD REGIONS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION)
- Author(s):Petr Hlaváček, Małgorzata Markowska, Elżbieta Sobczak
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Regional Geography, Economic development, Human Resources in Economy
- Page Range:45-52
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:knowledge Intensive Business Services; Visegrad; region;
- Summary/Abstract:The paper presents the results of the analysis of NUTS 2 regions with a focus on the regions of Visegrad countries. The aim is to assess the level of development of the regions in the area of Knowledge Intensive Business Services (KIBS) in relation to their economic level and position within the regions of the EU. The division of regions into groups was based on the clustering method, including Ward's method for determining the number of groups. Furthermore, the correlation between employment shares in KIBS and the level of economic development of the regions was examined. The resulting data confirms a statistically significant dependence between GDP per capita and the aggregate indicator of employment share in KIBS, especially in the sub-areas of knowledge market services and high-technology services.
SÚ ZNALOSTNE-INTENZÍVNE PODNIKY NAOZAJ INOVATÍVNE A NÁROČNÉ NA ZNALOSTI?
SÚ ZNALOSTNE-INTENZÍVNE PODNIKY NAOZAJ INOVATÍVNE A NÁROČNÉ NA ZNALOSTI?
(ARE THE KNOWLEDGE-INTENSIVE VENTURES INDEED INNOVATIVE AND KNOWLEDGE INTENSIVE?)
- Author(s):Michal Hrivnák, Peter Moritz
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Education, Business Economy / Management, Human Resources in Economy
- Page Range:53-60
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:knowledge-intensive enterprises; SMEs; innovation; knowledge; educated human capital;
- Summary/Abstract:Today, knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship is not only a scientifically researched but also practically used concept of entrepreneurship in sectors that have an increased demand for new knowledge and technologies. However, we still consider the low level of examination of the real innovation potential of companies from such classified sectors to be a gap in knowledge. The purpose of the empirical study is to examine the extent to which knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship in the category of small and medium-sized enterprises really contributes to the innovation performance of the economy, and whether their definition is based on relevant criteria. The conclusions point to a certain degree of practical fuzziness of the concept of knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship, if it is based predominantly on the definition of knowledge-intensive activities based on the criterion of employing an increased share of employees with a university degree. Using the results of the Monitor of Innovation Activities of Knowledge-Intensive Activities in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises, we did not prove the relationship between the innovation performance of knowledge-intensive SMEs and the volume of educated human capital in enterprises.
MISSION-ORIENTED INOVAČNÍ POLITIKA VE VYBRANÝCH EVROPSKÝCH REGIONECH
MISSION-ORIENTED INOVAČNÍ POLITIKA VE VYBRANÝCH EVROPSKÝCH REGIONECH
(MISSION-ORIENTED INNOVATION POLICY IN SELECTED EUROPEAN REGIONS)
- Author(s):Soĉa Raszková
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Politics, Regional Geography, Governance, Economic development
- Page Range:61-69
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:regional innovation systems; mission-oriented innovation policy; research and development;
- Summary/Abstract:The article deals with mission-oriented innovation policy, which puts at the forefront of solving societal challenges and is becoming increasingly important. Policymakers at European, national and regional level are therefore gradually focusing on this form of innovation policy. The aim of this paper is to introduce the role of missionoriented innovation policy and to raise awareness of its use especially at the regional level. The research methods used in the paper are a search of scientific literature and an analysis of selected regions in North Brabant and Baden-Württemberg that have applied elements of mission-oriented innovation policy in their regional innovation policy. The integration of these elements did not cause a radical change in the existing innovation policy instruments mix. However, first attempts and concrete projects towards addressing societal challenges can be noted. Both regions can be viewed as pioneers of this policy in Europe.
GRASSROOTS KOMUNITY AKO ZDROJ SOCIÁLNYCH INOVÁCIÍ V MIESTNOM ROZVOJI
GRASSROOTS KOMUNITY AKO ZDROJ SOCIÁLNYCH INOVÁCIÍ V MIESTNOM ROZVOJI
(GRASSROOTS COMMUNITIES AS A SOURCE OF SOCIAL INNOVATION FOR DEVELOPMENT OF LOCALITY)
- Author(s):Michal Hrivnák, Peter Moritz, Jana Jarábková
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Social development, Economic development
- Page Range:70-78
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:grassroots communities; communities; community development; social innovation; local economic development;
- Summary/Abstract:Grassroots communities are still a relatively new phenomenon in the scientific literature of Central and Eastern Europe. These institutional units, which arise from the proactive approach of local communities towards addressing the specific social, environmental, cultural or economic development challenges, are, among other influences, a potential source of social innovation and new knowledge. The aim of the paper is to describe the ability of grassroots communities to generate public services, social innovation and bring new solutions in local development through pooling resources from within the community. We use data obtained from ongoing long-term research of grassroots communities in Slovakia. Based on the execution of mass guided interviews and data collection in the form of an extensive questionnaire, we characterize identified grassroots communities, their activities in local development, community parameters and forms of pooling resources from within the community. We also provide an overview of specific, identified social innovations. Information on the degree of novelty of grassroots community products and services at different spatial levels and information on the spatial scope of activities served us to create a specific typology of grassroots communities.
PODPORA UDRŽITELNÉHO MĚSTSKÉHO ROZVOJE Z PROGRAMU HORIZONT 2020
PODPORA UDRŽITELNÉHO MĚSTSKÉHO ROZVOJE Z PROGRAMU HORIZONT 2020
(SUPPORT FOR SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT FROM THE HORIZON 2020 PROGRAMME)
- Author(s):Tereza LELKOVÁ, Lucie Herbočková
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Rural and urban sociology, Economic development
- Page Range:79-86
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:urban development; smart city; sustainable city; Horizon 2020;
- Summary/Abstract:Current urban development is based on the principles of sustainability. Efforts to respond to the deepening economic, environmental, and social problems have led to the development of a number of innovative approaches, concepts, and models with the potential to contribute to the transition to sustainable development. The aim of the paper is to present selected current approaches to sustainable urban development and map out projects that explicitly contribute to meeting its objectives, funded by the 8th Framework Program for Research and Innovation Horizon 2020. To achieve this, the paper uses a literature review and analysis of secondary data obtained from the CORDIS database. A total of 406 relevant projects identified were classified into seven categories according to the predominant focus (corresponding sustainability challenge). Most projects (79%) were implemented in the field of smart, green, and integrated transport. However, in terms of the total amount of funding, the predominance of transport sustainability projects was not as significant. Projects related to sustainable energy, climate change, and environmental protection accounted for more than half of the total costs. Based on the findings, the paper emphasizes the need for implementing similar initiatives.
ABILITY OF SLOVAK MUNICIPALITIES TO IMPLEMENT SDGS CONCERNING WASTE AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
ABILITY OF SLOVAK MUNICIPALITIES TO IMPLEMENT SDGS CONCERNING WASTE AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
(ABILITY OF SLOVAK MUNICIPALITIES TO IMPLEMENT SDGS CONCERNING WASTE AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES)
- Author(s):Monika Bumbalová, Eleonora Marišová, Marina Valenćiková
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Politics, Energy and Environmental Studies, Environmental and Energy policy
- Page Range:87-95
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:Sustainable Development Goals; municipalities; waste management; environmental issues;
- Summary/Abstract:The Slovak Republic has committed to contribute to fulfilment of 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs) defined by the Agenda 2030. Even though the reflection of this global commitment to the Slovak context was performed at the national level, numerous studies confirm that local level, represented by municipalities, cannot be ignored. Slovak municipalities enjoy quite diverse portfolio of competencies including the waste management and environmental protection. While the tools aimed at implementation of the competences remain often unclear. Therefore, the main objective of the research was to find out whether the tools the municipalities operate can be considered sufficient when addressing Slovak priorities in SDGs’ implementation on the local level in the area of waste management and environmental issues. The main method used were content analysis and critical analysis. The most significant ability of Slovak municipalities seems to be in influencing topics of waste management, transportation (mobility) but also circular economy. Out of the identified tools, legal tools, partnership and information and communication tools were those that can be most utilized. Overall, the analysis proved the readiness of Slovak municipalities to contribute to SDG’s fulfilment in the given areas.
ANALÝZA ČINNOSTI VYBRANEJ SAMOSPRÁVY V OBLASTI ENVIRONMENTÁLNYCH INVESTIČNÝCH PROJEKTOV
ANALÝZA ČINNOSTI VYBRANEJ SAMOSPRÁVY V OBLASTI ENVIRONMENTÁLNYCH INVESTIČNÝCH PROJEKTOV
(ANALYSIS OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE SELECTED MUNICIPALITY IN THE FIELD OF ENVIRONMENTAL INVESTMENT PROJECTS)
- Author(s):Martina Chrenová
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Politics, Governance, Environmental and Energy policy
- Page Range:96-104
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:environmental policy; investments; projects; self-government;
- Summary/Abstract:The European Union considers itself to be the difference between its municipalities, regions and countries. The European Union has set priorities and objectives in the field of environmental policy, which individual member states strive to meet through the implementations of specific measures. The easiest way to evaluate of innovation in cities and municipalities is to analyze individual environmental projects that are to improve the lives of local residents. The paper focuses on investment projects of the city of Trnava. The aim of the paper is to analyze environmental projects that have been carried out in the territory of the selected municipality. Using a case study, we analyze environmental projects in the field of green infrastructure. The main methods we will use include analysis of data from project documentation and summarization of investments divided into several parts (own investments, European Union projects, other projects, etc.). The paper opens a discussion about investment projects, possible changes and solutions that would lead to a shift in the environmental policy agenda, whether in the municipality or throughout Slovakia. In the end, the evaluation of investment projects of the Trnava municipality is summarized.
EXAMINING REGIONAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS FOR THE VISEGRAD COUNTRIES
EXAMINING REGIONAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS FOR THE VISEGRAD COUNTRIES
(EXAMINING REGIONAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS FOR THE VISEGRAD COUNTRIES)
- Author(s):Ramil Namazov, Rashidatu Bassabi
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Regional Geography, Methodology and research technology, Economic development
- Page Range:105-111
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:research & development; NUTS II region; science and technology; Czech Republic; Hungary; Poland; Slovakia;
- Summary/Abstract:The focus of the study is on the NUTS II regions in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, and Poland. The objective is to analyze research and development expenditures, R&D personnel, employment in high technology sectors and labor force with tertiary education and employed in science and technology at NUTS II level. The use of trend analysis to observe the movement and the changes in performance over time for these variables from 2008 to 2020 is done to draw conclusions. Aside the regions around the capitals like Bratislavský kraj in Slovakia, for the Czech Republic at the least, seven of the eight regions rank in the top performers for the variables considered using the criteria determined in the methodology. Similar trends are observed in Hungary and Poland. Also, although Poland has the most number of NUTS II regions, the total number of regions that make it to the top performers compared to the other countries is low. Attention will need to put into these regions lagging behind to allow for a catching up with the other top performers. For instance, the Czech Republic had seven out of eight, and Slovakia had two to three out of the total for most variables. One of the key points in this study is to compare not only the main regions but also other non-capital regions and to show how interested countries are in regional development by observing changes over time.
FINANČNÍ NÁSTROJE A JEJICH PÁKOVÝ EFEKT PŘI NAPLŇOVÁNÍ CÍLŮ KOHEZNÍ POLITIKY
FINANČNÍ NÁSTROJE A JEJICH PÁKOVÝ EFEKT PŘI NAPLŇOVÁNÍ CÍLŮ KOHEZNÍ POLITIKY
(FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND THEIR LEVERAGE EFFECT IN ACHIEVING COHESION POLICY OBJECTIVES)
- Author(s):Jiří Kraft, Ivana Kraftová
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Politics, Economic policy
- Page Range:112-120
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:EU cohesion policy; financial instruments; deadweight loss; leverage effect;
- Summary/Abstract:The aim of this paper is to assess the position of EU member countries in the 2014-2020 programming period in terms of the use of financial instruments and to estimate the leverage effect in order to determine the degree of significance of this option for mobilising additional financial resources to fulfil cohesion policy objectives. To achieve the research objective, measures of variability and calculation of the force of financial leverage using available data are used. The results show that the variability of both the contribution to financial instruments from the ESIF and the variability of the average contribution per financial instrument are relatively high for EU member countries. The estimation of the force of financial leverage is simplified with respect to the available data, but at the same time raises legitimate questions as well as data availability requirements for further research evaluations in terms of data transparency.
ODOLNOST ČESKÉHO VENKOVA V KONTEXTU TRENDŮ DIGITÁLNÍ PROPASTI MEZI MĚSTY A VENKOVEM V ROZVOJOVÝCH DOKUMENTECH ČESKÉ VLÁDY A EVROPSKÉ UNIE
ODOLNOST ČESKÉHO VENKOVA V KONTEXTU TRENDŮ DIGITÁLNÍ PROPASTI MEZI MĚSTY A VENKOVEM V ROZVOJOVÝCH DOKUMENTECH ČESKÉ VLÁDY A EVROPSKÉ UNIE
(THE RESILIENCE OF THE CZECH COUNTRYSIDE IN THE CONTEXT OF TRENDS IN THE DIGITAL DIVIDE BETWEEN URBAN AND RURAL AREAS IN THE DEVELOPMENT DOCUMENTS OF THE CZECH GOVERNMENT AND THE EUROPEAN UNION)
- Author(s):René Wokoun, Petra Ledvinová
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Governance, Rural and urban sociology, Economic development, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:121-128
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:rural resilience; digital divide; Czech Republic; regional policy development documents;
- Summary/Abstract:The issue of rural resilience is a traditional research topic, but in the last ten to twenty years this question has arisen as a result of the relatively rapid development of society's digitalisation in a new way, ie rural resilience in the context of urban and rural digital divide trends. In our paper, we focus on the issue of the resilience of the Czech countryside in the context of trends in the digital divide between urban and rural areas in the development documents of the Czech government and in the broader context of European Union documents. The aim of the article is to clearly state the main moments from important Czech and EU documents related to the main topic. The main method is excerpting the available documents and synthesis of the acquired knowledge. We also dealt with the importance of high-speed internet and digital abyss between cities and rural areas as well as on an example of primary schools. The main results are the finding that all Czech documents and EU strategies focus generally on high-speed internet and network development and pay only limited attention to rural regions. In connection with our topic, it is interesting to note that the key EU documents show the priority of ICT as an important means of fulfilling the objectives of the priority axes, including rural regions. However, the development of digitization is significant in urban regions, and in rural areas we are witnessing rather lagging behind, which is only to a limited extent reflected in the documents.
VÝZNAM, POTENCIÁL A LIMITY SLEDOVÁNÍ DIGITÁLNÍ VÝKONNOSTI REGIONŮ: PŘÍKLAD ČR
VÝZNAM, POTENCIÁL A LIMITY SLEDOVÁNÍ DIGITÁLNÍ VÝKONNOSTI REGIONŮ: PŘÍKLAD ČR
(THE IMPORTANCE, POTENTIAL AND LIMITS OF MONITORING THE DIGITAL PERFORMANCE OF REGIONS: THE CASE OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC)
- Author(s):Martina Kubíková, Martin Pelucha
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Regional Geography, Economic development, ICT Information and Communications Technologies
- Page Range:129-136
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:digitalization; regional development; monitoring;
- Summary/Abstract:The paper focuses on the evaluation of mainstreaming of the availability of statistical indicators and their use in the design of the national and regional development strategies. Although a large amount of funds (from the EU structural funds and new instruments, e. g. National Recovery Plans or the process of Just Transition in coal regions) is being invested in the development of the digital economy. The question is the effectiveness and efficiency of the expenditure and the reflection of the real needs of regional and local entities. The analysis of key documents for regional development of the Czech Republic (i.e. the Regional Development Strategy 21+ and the development strategies of the regions) showed that these strategies reflect the area of digitalization only to a limited extent, which is due to the sectoral concept of digitalization within the national Digital Czechia Strategy under the Ministry of Industry and Trade. The consequence is a weak reflection of the territorial dimension of this topic and a lack of adequate data at the regional level. According to these findings, the authors point to a dichotomy between the set implementation system of interventions for digitalization and minimal reflection on monitoring and creation of contextual statistical indicators for assessing the progress of digitalization at the regional level (especially by the Czech Statistical Office). The paper concludes by arguing for the need to increase funding for the necessary changes and to expand the monitoring and statistical coverage of digitisation in the Czech Republic.
SIETE AUTOMOBILOVÉHO PRIEMYSLU V NITRIANSKOM KRAJI
SIETE AUTOMOBILOVÉHO PRIEMYSLU V NITRIANSKOM KRAJI
(NETWORKS OF AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY IN THE NITRA REGION)
- Author(s):LUKÁŠ VARECHA, Róbert Krajanec
- Language:Slovak
- Subject(s):Regional Geography, Transport / Logistics
- Page Range:137-146
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:automotive industry; supply chain; network;
- Summary/Abstract:Over the last 20 years, the automotive industry has become one of the most important industries in Slovakia. In 2018, the fourth large car manufacturer Jaguar Land Rover Nitra also started production in Nitra, which further strengthened the position of the automotive industry. The aim of the article is to map and evaluate the ties in the network of firms in the automotive industry in the Nitra region. Using social network analysis (SNA), we analysed supply chain, as well as other types of ties such as cooperation on research and development, provision of information or cooperation on educational activities. The resulting networks cover the chain from Tier 3 suppliers to car manufacturers. The results show that the surveyed companies hardly cooperate with public or non-profit sector institutions and, with the exception of supply chain, the cooperation network has a very low density. Only Slovak companies cooperate in research and development, mainly because in the case of foreign branches, these activities are carried out by the parent company abroad. On the other hand, in the case of domestic companies, there are not enough resources to carry out these activities. This forms a significant barrier to the possible formation of a cluster in the automotive industry and thus a barrier to the transfer of know-how and innovation.
VELKÝ PRŮMYSLOVÝ PODNIK A JEHO ROLE PŘI MÍSTNÍM ROZVOJI VE DVOU HISTORICKÝCH EPOCHÁCH: PŘÍPADOVÁ STUDIE ADAMOVSKÝCH STROJÍREN
VELKÝ PRŮMYSLOVÝ PODNIK A JEHO ROLE PŘI MÍSTNÍM ROZVOJI VE DVOU HISTORICKÝCH EPOCHÁCH: PŘÍPADOVÁ STUDIE ADAMOVSKÝCH STROJÍREN
(A LARGE INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE AND ITS ROLE IN THE LOCAL DEVELOPMENT IN TWO HISTORICAL EPOCHS: A CASE STUDY OF ADAMOVSKÉ STROJÍRNY)
- Author(s):Michal Ševčík
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Economic history, Political history, Economic development
- Page Range:147-155
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:Adamovské strojírny; transition; industrial enterprise; civic amenities;
- Summary/Abstract:During socialism, several large industrial enterprises operated in the Czech Republic. These enterprises served as the centre of economic activity of cities or regions. Some of these enterprises experienced a decline in the transition process, which had negative effects on the local population. The aim of this paper is to present the significance of the enterprise Adamovské strojírny for the development of the towns of Adamov and Blansko during the era of socialism and the transition. The paper is prepared in the form of a case study, which is also the main method used. The enterprise not only served as a source of local employment and economic activity during the socialist era, but also invested in housing and civic amenities. In the transition period, the enterprise went into decline due to economic problems, which was reflected in the problems faced by the inhabitants of the towns of Adamov and Blansko. The paper demonstrates how the transition affected the life of the inhabitants in the towns where the once successful socialist enterprise was located.
SPECIFIKA PRŮMYSLOVÝCH FIREM V PERIFERNÍCH REGIONECH – PŘÍPADOVÁ STUDIE OKRESU JESENÍK
SPECIFIKA PRŮMYSLOVÝCH FIREM V PERIFERNÍCH REGIONECH – PŘÍPADOVÁ STUDIE OKRESU JESENÍK
(SPECIFICS OF INDUSTRIAL COMPANIES IN PERIPHERAL REGIONS – A CASE STUDY OF JESENÍK DISTRICT)
- Author(s):Simona Šťastná, Lucie Kokešová, Jan Ženka
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Regional Geography, Economic development
- Page Range:156-163
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:peripheral region; industry; path development; regional embededdness; district Jeseník;
- Summary/Abstract:Peripheral regions are localities that are characterized by remoteness from core areas, which are usually metropolitan regions. The peripheral regions in developed countries are characterized by a low density of companies. The economic base of the companies in the peripheral regions are often based on traditional industries or industries dependent on natural resources. This work focuses on the development of the industry in the district Jeseník. The aim of the paper is to identify the trajectories of industrial development (‘path development’) in the peripheral region of the Czech Republic and their impact on local customer linkages of local industrial companies. We analyse whether the most important companies in the manufacturing industry are historically tied to local markets, or they are connected to foreign markets. From a methodological point it is the case study, which is based on the collection of secondary statistical data. We found that in district Jeseník there are mainly small and medium-sized enterprises, which are stable in territory and embeddedness. The economic focus of the companies is the metal industry, mineral processing, and the textile industry. The most frequently identified trajectory of industrial development in the district Jeseník is the path extension. Foreign customer linkages were identified for traditional companies.
PRŮMYSLOVÁ STRUKTURA ČSR NA KONCI 80. LET: MILNÍK K POST-SOCIALISTICKÉ TRANSFORMACI URBÁNNÍHO PROSTŘEDÍ
PRŮMYSLOVÁ STRUKTURA ČSR NA KONCI 80. LET: MILNÍK K POST-SOCIALISTICKÉ TRANSFORMACI URBÁNNÍHO PROSTŘEDÍ
(INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE OF THE CSR IN LATE 1980S: A MILESTONE FOR THE POST-SOCIALIST TRANSITION OF URBAN ENVIRONMENT)
- Author(s):Kateřina Důbravová, Josef Kunc
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Economic history, Political history, Post-War period (1950 - 1989)
- Page Range:164-172
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:sectoral and spatial structure of industry; specialization index; urban environment; socialist era from 1948 to 1989; Czech Socialist Republic;
- Summary/Abstract:In CSR, industry had an immediate impact on the urban environment of Czech cities, not only during the Industrial Revolution and interwar period, but also during the socialist era. The aim of the paper is to analyze and interpret the differences in the spatial and sectoral structure of industrial production with a focus on the urban environment. Industrial production was analyzed from three points of view: i) the share of industries on employment in districts, ii) largest employers in regional centres, and iii) individual industries in regional centres (the specialization index was calculated). The results have shown the most significant increase in the share of employees in industry in the 1950s and 1960s as a part of the so-called socialist industrialization. During the 1970s and 1980s, industry was losing its relative share, but it kept growing in absolute terms until 1989. In the late 1980s, there were 10 districts with the share of industry on total employment larger than 50%, and in three districts over 60%. Based on the specialization index, four regional centres became very specialized at the time: Karlovy Vary (glass and building materials industry), Ústí nad Labem and Pardubice (chemical and rubber industry), and Olomouc (food industry).
TEORETICKÝ KONCEPT ZÁMECKÝCH A PANSKÝCH BROWNFIELDŮ V ČESKÉ REPUBLICE
TEORETICKÝ KONCEPT ZÁMECKÝCH A PANSKÝCH BROWNFIELDŮ V ČESKÉ REPUBLICE
(THEORETICAL CONCEPT OF CHATEAU AND MANSION BROWNFIELDS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC)
- Author(s):Kamila Turečková, Lubomír Nenička, Kateřina Přikrylová
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Museology & Heritage Studies, Economic policy
- Page Range:173-178
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:brownfield; chateau; castle; mansion; Czech Republic; theoretical concept of chateau brownfields;
- Summary/Abstract:Chateaus (castles) and mansion houses (residences) are a common part of village and town settlements in our conditions in the Czech Republic. Due to the interruption of ownership and property relations to these buildings during the 20th century, many of them lost their original or additional useful purpose, were abandoned and fell into disrepair and ruins. Nowadays, these chateau and mansion houses wish regeneration and renewal, and they have thus become an important historical, urban and social element in the development of the territory and cultural landscape. Due to the absence of a theoretical definition of this type of brownfield, the intention of this paper is to try to do this through a synthesis of expertise in the field of brownfields and the historical context of the existence of chateaus (castles) and mansions and grounds (areas). The intention is also to identify the historical milestones that contributed to the formation of the castle brownfields. The findings are inductively generalized in the created conceptual scheme of the genesis and restoration of chateau and mansion brownfields. The term castle brownfield was defined and the main historical milestones were emphasized, which significantly contributed to the emergence of this type of brownfield in the Czech Republic.
FAKTORY A PŘEKÁŽKY OVLIVŇUJÍCÍ ÚSPĚŠNOST REGENERACE BROWNFIELDS ZEMĚDĚLSKÉHO PŮVODU V JIHOMORAVSKÉM KRAJI
FAKTORY A PŘEKÁŽKY OVLIVŇUJÍCÍ ÚSPĚŠNOST REGENERACE BROWNFIELDS ZEMĚDĚLSKÉHO PŮVODU V JIHOMORAVSKÉM KRAJI
(FACTORS AND BARRIERS INFLUENCING THE SUCCESS OF REGENERATION OF THE AGRICULTURAL BROWNFIELDS IN THE SOUTH MORAVIAN REGION)
- Author(s):Klára Charvátová
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Agriculture, Regional Geography, Economic policy, Economic development
- Page Range:179-187
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:agricultural brownfields; regeneration process; factors and barriers; South Moravian Region;
- Summary/Abstract:The article is focused on the regeneration process of agricultural brownfields in the South Moravian Region. The selected area was intensively used for agriculture in the past, and as a result of deagrarization, a large number of brownfields originated in this area. Unused and abandoned buildings bring many problems, they are often demolished, and subsequently, new buildings are built in their place. Regeneration, which is usually more complicated than demolition and new construction, can be a much better option, however, its result can be far more valuable. During regeneration, many circumstances can be encountered that contribute to the successful restoration of the site, as well as obstacles that need to be overcome. Therefore, the aim of the article is to find, with the help of semi-structured interviews with stakeholders, the most common factors and obstacles associated with the successful regeneration of the agricultural brownfields in the South Moravian Region and suggest possible recommendations for streamlining regeneration processes. The research showed that an essential prerequisite for successful regeneration is the preparatory phase, in which a decision is made on the meaningful use of the brownfield. The next necessary step is resolving the property law relationship, securing financial resources, processing project documentation, and examining all risks that could complicate the regeneration activities. After that, it depends mainly on the involved stakeholders, their motivation, mutual cooperation and a thoughtful procedure that bring the whole project to successful completion and subsequent operation.
POSTAGRÁRNÍ KRAJINA V SOUČASNÉM VELKOMĚSTĚ: MOŽNOSTI A VÝZVY. NA PŘÍKLADU PRAHA – TROJMEZÍ
POSTAGRÁRNÍ KRAJINA V SOUČASNÉM VELKOMĚSTĚ: MOŽNOSTI A VÝZVY. NA PŘÍKLADU PRAHA – TROJMEZÍ
(POST-AGRARIAN LANDSCAPE IN THE CONTEMPORARY CITY: POSSIBILITIES AND CHALLENGES. ON THE EXAMPLE OF PRAGUE – TROJMEZÍ)
- Author(s):MICHAEL PONDĚLÍČEK, VLADIMÍRA ŠILHÁNKOVÁ
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Agriculture, Rural and urban sociology, Economic development
- Page Range:188-195
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:postagrarian landscape; metropolitan city; area Praha-Trojmezí; Berlin-Malchow;
- Summary/Abstract:Cities around the world are growing and under varying degrees of control they grow through the surrounding landscape, merging and absorbing areas that were originally rural or agricultural. These areas, with some exceptions, have hitherto been understood only as free undeveloped land suitable for further urbanization, without examining their importance in terms of their natural, recreational, and cultural value. The article deals with the development of cities in relation to fragments of post-agrarian structures in the landscape and focuses on the postagrarian landscape overgrown into the city. The aim of the article is (within the existing research gap) to analyze the issue of post-agrarian areas and landscapes within existing urban units, especially about the metropolitan areas of Central European cities, and to propose ways to protect these areas as recreational areas for city inhabitants as well as an important cultural heritage. The article is based on an analysis of professional literature and two case studies Prague - Trojmezí and Berlin - Malchow, where it is shown how the future use of these areas can be solved by landscape studies. A specific and sensitive solution of post-agrarian areas by landscape plan / study and nature-friendly solution can at least partially correct the existing negatives and this semi-natural background of the city can ensure in the developing urban whole both a contribution to the development of community and organic agriculture, as well as recreational functions in the area where it is possible to walk a dog, ride a horse or mountain bike, and at the same time not to leave the comfort of the overall urbanity of the city.
PERCEPCE ZÁKLADNÍCH PROVOZNÍCH PARAMETRŮ PLÁNOVANÝCH VYSOKORYCHLOSTNÍCH TRATÍ V ČESKÉ REPUBLICE
PERCEPCE ZÁKLADNÍCH PROVOZNÍCH PARAMETRŮ PLÁNOVANÝCH VYSOKORYCHLOSTNÍCH TRATÍ V ČESKÉ REPUBLICE
(PERCEPTION OF BASIC OPERATING PARAMETERS OF PLANNED HIGH-SPEED ROUTES IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC)
- Author(s):Milan Viturka, Vilém Pařil
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Economic development, Transport / Logistics
- Page Range:196-202
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:transport; high-speed route; operating parameters; assessment;
- Summary/Abstract:The main goal of the article is the perception of potential parameters of planned high-speed rails/HSR in the Czech Republic as a key part of the application of original methodology of multicriteria evaluation of public projects in the field of transport infrastructure. In this context, the relevant analyzes focus on forecasts of corresponding traffic flows based on T-Mobile SIM card data as well as on the basis official statistical information, supplemented by analyzes of appropriate passenger preferences and specific experiences with HSR operations in selected European countries. The practical result of the research is the gathered information on the perspective operating parameters of the four planned HSR as a basis for determining the main priorities of the investment plan. In this context, an important conclusion was reached that none of the proposed projects meets the economic criterion of usefulness and their effectiveness can be objectively demonstrated only on the basis of the use of multi-criteria analysis method.
HOSPODÁRENIE S MAJETKOM – PRIESTOR PRE VYROVNÁVANIE REGIONÁLNYCH ROZDIELOV?
HOSPODÁRENIE S MAJETKOM – PRIESTOR PRE VYROVNÁVANIE REGIONÁLNYCH ROZDIELOV?
(PROPERTY MANAGEMENT – SPACE FOR BALANCING REGIONAL DIFFERENCES?)
- Author(s):Elena Žárska
- Language:Slovak
- Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Regional Geography, Governance
- Page Range:203-211
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:self - governing region; property creditworthiness; capital expenditures; indebtedness;
- Summary/Abstract:The financial management of self-governing regions is often examined, but less so their property management. The aim of the paper is to analyze the situation in individual self-governing regions of the Slovak Republic in the time series of 15 years (2005 - 2019) and to identify differences in the method of financing and also in the efficiency of property management. To achieve the goal, two hypotheses were set: H1: The increase in property strength is achieved by increasing the region's debt and H2: The income effect from the region's assets increases with the reproductive power of the assets. The method property creditworthiness was used for the analysis. The results confirmed H1, stating that the source of asset growth is also debt growth (Žilina, Trnava, Prešov region), but several local authorities also significantly use other sources (Nitra, Košice, Trenčín). H2 was only partially confirmed – the regions increased the value of the property, but the income from it was not decisive. This indicates that they have built the infrastructure to provide entrusted services to citizens. The analysis also pointed to the phenomenon that the total value of assets per capita shows significant regional differences over the whole period
MANAGEMENT A IMPLEMENTACE PROGRAMŮ ÚZEMNÍ SPOLUPRÁCE NA PŘÍKLADU ESÚS
MANAGEMENT A IMPLEMENTACE PROGRAMŮ ÚZEMNÍ SPOLUPRÁCE NA PŘÍKLADU ESÚS
(MANAGEMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF TERRITORIAL COOPERATION PROGRAMMES ON EXAMPLE OF EGTC)
- Author(s):Jiří Dušek, Štěpán Kavan
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Regional Geography, Governance
- Page Range:212-221
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:EGTC; European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation; Cross-border Cooperation; Region;
- Summary/Abstract:European Groupings of Territorial Cooperation (EGTCs) were set up to facilitate cross-border, transnational and interregional cooperation between Member States or their regional and local authorities. EGTCs enable these partners to implement joint projects, share expertise and improve coordination of spatial planning. Unlike the older cooperation structures which governed cross-border, transnational and interregional cooperation before 2007, the European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation is a legal entity and as such, will enable regional and local authorities from different European states, to set up cooperation groupings with a legal personality. The contribution deals with an analysis of European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation, new form of cross-border cooperation in the European Union. The main objective of the submitted contribution is to analyse historical development of this cooperation between years 2008–2022, based on own research and study of relevant Committee of Regions documents (for example EGTC Monitoring Report). The assessment of the EGTC can be described as a comparative time and space analysis, because different units are being compared not just in time, but also from the point of view of their geographical location. The contribution discussed the growing relevance of the EGTC as instrument of regional development, uneven development in individual countries (Hungary, France, Slovakia x Scandinavia, the Baltic States, Great Britain and Ireland), terminological problems and validity of EGTC databases.
LOCAL DEVELOPMENT ACTORS CLASSIFICATION IN THE CONTEXT OF THE SLOVAK LEAST DEVELOPED DISTRICT POLICY
LOCAL DEVELOPMENT ACTORS CLASSIFICATION IN THE CONTEXT OF THE SLOVAK LEAST DEVELOPED DISTRICT POLICY
(LOCAL DEVELOPMENT ACTORS CLASSIFICATION IN THE CONTEXT OF THE SLOVAK LEAST DEVELOPED DISTRICT POLICY)
- Author(s):LUKÁŠ VARECHA, Katarína Melichová
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Politics, Regional Geography, Economic policy, Economic development
- Page Range:222-229
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:least developed districts; development policy; local development actors;
- Summary/Abstract:At the end of 2015, a policy of support for the least developed districts was introduced in the conditions of the Slovak Republic. It was conceived as a place-based policy with an emphasis on the involvement of local actors in the processes of its preparation and implementation in the districts. The aim of the paper is to categorize local actors involved in LDD policy on the basis of their attitudes towards selected aspects of the preparation and implementation of LDD policy Action plans in the districts. The local development actors were classified into four clusters, reflecting the polarization of actors to "those whose needs have been met" and critics of LDD policy processes. The attitudes identified in the clusters are mostly not linked to the sectoral affiliation nor the district in which the actor was located. However, they are linked to the status of the actor as a member of the Development board - they are strongly represented in two specific clusters: Satisfied actors and Critics of central level institutions. Most actors have been classified as critics of various aspects of the LDD policy. Specifically, those are overall critics of the LDD policy, critics of the policy reform and critics of the central government level.
ANALÝZA KVALITY ŽIVOTA SLOVÁKOV NA ZÁKLADE KORELÁCIÍ INDEXU ĽUDSKÉHO ROZVOJA S VYBRANÝMI UKAZOVATEĽMI
ANALÝZA KVALITY ŽIVOTA SLOVÁKOV NA ZÁKLADE KORELÁCIÍ INDEXU ĽUDSKÉHO ROZVOJA S VYBRANÝMI UKAZOVATEĽMI
(ANALYSIS OF THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF SLOVAKS BASED ON THE CORRELATIONS OF THE HDI WITH SELECTED INDICATORS)
- Author(s):Michaela Kraslanová, Zuzana Poláková
- Language:Slovak
- Subject(s):Economic development, Human Resources in Economy, Socio-Economic Research
- Page Range:230-236
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:human development index; quality of life; regression;
- Summary/Abstract:In many developed countries, the income of countries because of economic and trade activity has been growing for a long time, although the satisfaction of the population with life does not show a growing trend. Modern views on quality of life consider, in addition to economic indicators, e.g., income, consumption, GDP per capita, human development index, etc. to a greater extent, subjective evaluation. The aim of the article was to point out the existence or the absence of dependence between the development of quality of life in Slovakia using the human development index and various subjectively selected variables such as consumption of essential commodities such as wheat flour and bread but also avoidable mortality, years of healthy life, crude marriage rate and median age. Bakery commodities were included in the survey because, among other indicators, we had the partial goal of examining whether and how the consumption of essential foods such as e.g., bread affects quality of life.The article found the dependence between the consumption of the mentioned commodities, the median age, years of healthy life and the IRL based on multiple regression in the SAS software.
LOKÁLNÍ, REGIONÁLNÍ NEBO ZAHRANIČNÍ? PREFERENCE POTRAVIN OBYVATEL JIHOMORAVSKÉHO KRAJE
LOKÁLNÍ, REGIONÁLNÍ NEBO ZAHRANIČNÍ? PREFERENCE POTRAVIN OBYVATEL JIHOMORAVSKÉHO KRAJE
(LOCAL, REGIONAL OR FOREIGN? FOOD PREFERENCES OF INHABITANTS OF THE SOUTH MORAVIAN REGION)
- Author(s):Josef Smolík
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Regional Geography, Socio-Economic Research
- Page Range:237-244
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:regional food; consumer behaviour; sociological survey; food self-sufficiency; logo;
- Summary/Abstract:The article deals with the research of food preferences among the inhabitants of the South Moravian Region. The text focuses on attitudes research, examining whether respondents prefer local or regional food when buying. Research also provides information of regional food labeling. The aim of the text is to present theoretical knowledge about the labeling of regional foods on the basis of relevant literature, and also to find out whether consumers are inspired by this information or whether these are key information when buying them. The data are also based on a questionnaire survey conducted from February and March 2022. The main results of the text can be considered the presentation of particular brands for regional foods, as well as finding out the preferences of consumers in the South Moravian Region. Food labeling can influence consumer behavior and food selection when shopping. However, the question is whether consumers know, use and are influenced by the labeling system. This text tried to answer these research questions. The results of the sociological survey can be seen as a contribution to the debate on the promotion of regional foods. The main finding is the increase of online shopping during the Covid-19 pandemic. It can be expected that the issue of regional foods will continue to develop dynamically in the coming years, also with regard to discussions concerning food self-sufficiency.
VIACKRITERIÁLNA ANALÝZA SOCIOEKONOMICKÝCH DETERMINANTOV POTRAVINOVEJ DOSTATOČNOSTI V REGIÓNOCH V4
VIACKRITERIÁLNA ANALÝZA SOCIOEKONOMICKÝCH DETERMINANTOV POTRAVINOVEJ DOSTATOČNOSTI V REGIÓNOCH V4
(MULTICRITERIA ANALYSIS OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF FOOD SECURITY IN V4 REGIONS)
- Author(s):Mária Vargová, Zlata Sojková
- Language:Slovak
- Subject(s):Regional Geography, Socio-Economic Research
- Page Range:245-253
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:food security; Visegrad Group; NUTS 2; I-distance method; cluster analysis;
- Summary/Abstract:The research's goal is to evaluate the level of food security in 37 Visegrad group regions at the NUTS-2 level in terms of the impact of socio-economic indicators. We evaluate thirteen variables that cover six socio-economic areas: poverty and social exclusion, employment, education, economic accounts, health, and research and development. The data were acquired from Eurostat for period of years 2019-2020. We evaluate NUTS-2 regions’ level of food security by aggregating thirteen indicators into one complex index using I-distance method. According to the level of potential food insecurity risk, the regions are divided into five similar groups using k-means method of cluster analysis. We discovered that the most significant differences between groups of regions exist in the terms of severe material deprivation, gross domestic product, as well as the share of government R&D expenditure, unemployment rate, and infant mortality. According to the findings, 54 percent of V4 regions are at minimal risk of food insecurity, 35 percent are moderately at risk, and 11 percent are at risk of food insecurity. The V4 capitals' NUTS-2 regions are the least vulnerable to food insecurity. On the contrary, eastern, and southern Hungarian regions, as well as Eastern Slovakia, are the most vulnerable.
KONVENČNÉ VS. ALTERNATÍVNE PREDAJNE POTRAVÍN: PERCEPCIA SPOTREBITEĽOV NA SLOVENSKU
KONVENČNÉ VS. ALTERNATÍVNE PREDAJNE POTRAVÍN: PERCEPCIA SPOTREBITEĽOV NA SLOVENSKU
(CONVENTIONAL VS ALTERNATIVE GROCERY STORES: CONSUMER PERCEPTION IN SLOVAKIA)
- Author(s):Petra Hencelová, František Križan, Kristína Bilková, Katarína Čuláková
- Language:Slovak
- Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Agriculture, Behaviorism, Socio-Economic Research
- Page Range:254-261
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:consumer’s perceptions; supermarket and hypermarket; farmers markets; Slovakia;
- Summary/Abstract:The aim of the paper is to evaluate the shopping behavior of consumers in Slovakia (n=1004) and their perceptions of products sold in large stores and farmers' markets. In search of specifics, we proceeded to consumer segmentation by gender and income. To test the hypotheses we used the Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U and KruskalWallis tests. Consumers choose large supermarket and hypermarket stores for the most frequent purchases of food and other daily consumer goods. According to consumer perceptions, these stores do not offer healthier and better quality food, but cheaper. Differences in such perception were not confirmed between men and women. The claim that supermarkets and hypermarkets offer healthier and better quality food depends on different income groups of consumers. Research shows that consumers 'perceptions of farmers' markets do not depend on gender and income. An exception is the statistically significant relationship between men and women and their perception that products sold at farmers' markets are cheaper than in regular shops. In general, consumers agree that products sold at farmers' markets are healthier and better quality than products in regular shops. At the same time, they disagree that products sold at farmers' markets are cheaper than products in regular shops.
PANDEMICKÉ NAKUPOVANIE: PRÍKLAD SLOVENSKEJ A SRBSKEJ STRIEBORNEJ GENERÁCIE
PANDEMICKÉ NAKUPOVANIE: PRÍKLAD SLOVENSKEJ A SRBSKEJ STRIEBORNEJ GENERÁCIE
(PANDEMIC PURCHASING: AN EXAMPLE ON SILVER GENERATION IN THE SLOVAK AND SERBIA REPUBLIC)
- Author(s):Miroslava Trembošová, Martin Šramka
- Language:Slovak
- Subject(s):Behaviorism, Health and medicine and law, Socio-Economic Research
- Page Range:262-270
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:pandemic purchasing; silver generation; senior community; shopping behavior; Slovakian and Serbian consumers;
- Summary/Abstract:Current COVID-19 pandemic has not only caused global concerns about individuals' health problems, but it has also triggered a change in consumer behavior. Even if only time will tell whether these changes will be temporary or permanent, we can begin to observe the change in how the pandemic affects demographic shopping behavior. Many studies confirm that the silver generation is not a homogeneous group and is most affected by the pandemic. The aim of the paper is to examine the consumer habits and patterns of seniors when buying food during the pandemic in 2021 in Nitra city (Slovakia) and Báčsky Petrovec (Srbsko). The segmentation factor is their age. The results of earlier surveys from 2020 confirmed that the seniors aged 50-64 are a heterogeneous group with higher variability of responses. Due to the greater isolation and greater restriction of movement, people aged 65 and over were less variable in their responses to food purchases. The purpose of this study is to broaden the knowledge base about the attitudes and buying behavior of the silver generation during the pandemic by comparison from two European countries, evaluated by Pearson contingency coefficient. The results of the research confirmed the assumption of segmentation of seniors by age. Younger seniors showed greater variability in responses than the group of older seniors. All Slovak senior respondents reported a change in food purchases during the pandemic (100%), but in Serbia 6% did not change their purchasing practices during the pandemic.
EU COHESION AFTER COVID-19: WHAT ARE THE NEW TRENDS FOR THE RESILIENT FUTURE?
EU COHESION AFTER COVID-19: WHAT ARE THE NEW TRENDS FOR THE RESILIENT FUTURE?
(EU COHESION AFTER COVID-19: WHAT ARE THE NEW TRENDS FOR THE RESILIENT FUTURE?)
- Author(s):Michaela Staníčková, Lukáš Melecký
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Regional Geography, Health and medicine and law, EU-Accession / EU-DEvelopment
- Page Range:271-280
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:cohesion; COVID-19; European Union; regional disparities; resilience;
- Summary/Abstract:COVID-19 pandemic presents a significant challenge for the entire European Union. National, regional and local communities are on the front line in countering the disease and its socio-economic impact. Solidarity and responsibility across our societies and between Member States are key to overcoming this challenge. COVID-19 intensified and accelerated the debate on the resilience of regional economies not only to respond to exogenous shocks but how to shape viable environments. These are systems that meet today's demands and future challenges. In the first line, especially, the green and digital transitions' potential is highlighted as new drivers of EU growth. New economic, social and territorial disparities may appear without appropriate policy action. The aim is that the cohesion policy should respond to these challenges and, in particular, ensure that place-based, multilevel, and partnership-led approaches continue to improve cohesion while building on synergies and mainstreaming cohesion objectives into other policies and instruments. Via literature review method, the paper aims to summarise the fundamental aspects of the EU Cohesion Policy not only for the programming period 2021-2027 but in the long-term perspectives, i.e., cohesion towards 2050. How will the EU Cohesion Policy help in the future? The transition to carbon-neutrality will transform the EU’s economy. The digital transition is moving forward at different speeds across the EU. The EU Cohesion Policy will become more flexible, drawing on the lessons from the pandemic, to adapt more easily to unexpected shocks, e.g., by a higher flexibility in transferring resources.
CAPITAL EXPENDITURES OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENTS IN CRISIS
CAPITAL EXPENDITURES OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENTS IN CRISIS
(CAPITAL EXPENDITURES OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENTS IN CRISIS)
- Author(s):Viera Papcunova, Jarmila Hudáková, Michal Levický
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Governance, Economic policy, Public Finances
- Page Range:281-288
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:capital expenditures; local self-government; investment purchases; global financial crisis; pandemic COVID-19;
- Summary/Abstract:Despite the fiscal decentralization, local self-governments in Slovak and Czech Republic are dependent on state budget revenues and are therefore very sensitive and responsive to any changes at the national level. The financial crisis, as well as the COVID-19 pandemic, have significantly affected the financial management of local selfgovernments. Most articles deal with the impact of crises on the current budget of municipalities. The aim of the paper is to analyze capital expenditures in two crisis periods - the global financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic at the level of local self-governments in Slovak and Czech Republic. From the point of view of the financial crisis, we analyze time period 2007-2012 and from the point of view of the COVID-19 pandemic, we analyze the period 2017-2020. As a base we used the data from the evaluation of the results of budget management of municipalities in Slovak Republic and data from Slovak and Czech Statistical Office. The analysis showed that the financial crisis did not have a significant impact on municipal capital expenditures, but the COVID-19 pandemic caused them to decline. In terms of structure, the biggest share was accounted for by capital expenditures associated with investment purchases (Slovak Republic on average 94%, Czech Republic 88%).
COVID-19 V ČESKÉ REPUBLICE: DEMOGRAFICKÉ ASPEKTY, ZDRAVOTNICKÁ INTERVENCE A PROSTOROVÉ SOUVISLOSTI
COVID-19 V ČESKÉ REPUBLICE: DEMOGRAFICKÉ ASPEKTY, ZDRAVOTNICKÁ INTERVENCE A PROSTOROVÉ SOUVISLOSTI
(COVID-19 IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC: DEMOGRAPHIC ASPECTS, HEALTH INTERVENTION AND SPATIAL IMPLICATIONS)
- Author(s):Dana Hübelová , Boris Klíma, Alice Kozumplíková, Beatrice-Elena Chromková Manea
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Health and medicine and law, Demography and human biology
- Page Range:289-295
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:regional health inequalities; determinants of health; mortality from COVID-19 diseases;
- Summary/Abstract:The emergence and progress of the COVID-19 pandemic has raised a number of issues, including the determinants of health that are (potentially) at risk for the spread and progression of the disease and may exacerbate regional health inequalities. The aim of this paper is to analyse demographic indicators (proportion of population aged 65 years and over and life expectancy) and indicators of health intervention (number of beds and number of doctors/1000 inhabitants) in relation to the COVID-19 diseases (proportion of infected and mortality of those infected with COVID-19 virus in districts of the Czech Republic). Data from 2020 and 2021 are analysed using correlation analysis (Pearson correlation coefficient), factor and cluster analysis. The results show that there is a moderate relationship between the proportion of infected persons and COVID-19 mortality. Factor analysis showed that the higher the proportions of persons aged 65 years and over, the higher the values of proportion of infected persons and the number of deaths (mortality). A favourable position in the evaluated indicators is in the cluster of districts of Brno-město and Ostrava-město, while an unfavourable position was identified in the cluster of districts of Český Krumlov, Domažlice, Jeseník, Prachatice, Rakovník, Rokycany and Tachov. The location of the districts and the indicators of health intervention create regional differentiations and cause health inequalities.
ZDRAVOTNÁ STAROSTLIVOSŤ V KONTEXTE KVALITY ŽIVOTA V MESTE NITRA PRED PANDÉMIOU COVID-19
ZDRAVOTNÁ STAROSTLIVOSŤ V KONTEXTE KVALITY ŽIVOTA V MESTE NITRA PRED PANDÉMIOU COVID-19
(HEALTHCARE IN THE CONTEXT OF QUALITY OF LIFE IN THE CITY OF NITRA BEFORE THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC)
- Author(s):KATARÍNA VILINOVÁ
- Language:Slovak
- Subject(s):Health and medicine and law, Socio-Economic Research
- Page Range:296-303
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:health care; quality of life; Nitra; percepcion;
- Summary/Abstract:An important aspect in terms of the health status of the population is the evaluation of quality of life by monitoring selected indicators, which can include health care. Interest in the health of the population is intensifying today. The main reasons include social, political, economic changes, but also the ongoing pandemic related to the spread of the COVID-19 virus. It is part of many values that we place in our quality of life. Improving the health level of the population is a very serious task. At the same time, healthcare is a very important factor in health, which is related to quality of life. The subject of our interest in the presented paper was the acquisition of data with a highly subjective character focused on the issue of health care in the city of Nitra. When choosing methods, we therefore preferred a questionnaire method based on our questionnaire. The questions were aimed at finding out the opinions, attitudes and evaluation of health care as an indicator of the quality of life of the population. We conducted the research in 2019 on a sample of 509 respondents the field and 261 online) in the city of Nitra. The aim of the paper was to analyze the subjective perception of health care in the city of Nitra by the method of perception. Based on the research, it can be stated that the provision of health care, access to health care, together with the length of the waiting time for admission is especially important for the inhabitants of Nitra. However, the most important factor in health care for the inhabitants of Nitra is satisfaction with the health care provided. The most negative respondents perceived the length of the waiting time for admission.
BEHAVIORÁLNE ZMENY V CESTOVNOM RUCHU V ČASE PANDÉMIE COVID-19 V KRAJINÁCH SVETA
BEHAVIORÁLNE ZMENY V CESTOVNOM RUCHU V ČASE PANDÉMIE COVID-19 V KRAJINÁCH SVETA
(BEHAVIORAL CHANGES IN TOURISM DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN THE COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD)
- Author(s):Janka BERESECKÁ, Eva Matejková, Veronika Svetlíková
- Language:Slovak
- Subject(s):Recent History (1900 till today), Health and medicine and law, Tourism, Socio-Economic Research
- Page Range:304-311
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:consumer behaviour; tourism demand; Covid-19 pandemic;
- Summary/Abstract:Perceived as an economic power accounting for 10% of world GDP, 30% of services exports and 1 in 10 jobs in the world, tourism is one of the most affected sectors in terms of income and employment, as any restriction on the movement of people within and between countries has a negative impact on this sector. The aim of the paper is to identify which countries are most dependent on the tourism sector and to identify trends for the safe recovery of the tourism sector as an important tool for achieving a long-term, sustainable and inclusive future. The paper draws selected data from the World Travel & Tourism Council database and provides an analysis of the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tourism in 33 countries, using 8 indicators. The method of cluster analysis was used in the work. Based on the results of the cluster analysis, the countries were divided into four clusters. They quantify potential changes in the behaviour of tourism participants as a consequence of travel and mobility constraints, psychological and economic factors. Finally, we present the drivers of changes in consumer behaviour in the form of several scenarios.
TURISTICKÁ ATRAKTIVITA MĚST ČR VE SVĚTLE NÁVŠTĚVNOSTI ZAHRANIČNÍCH TURISTŮ 2018 A 2020
TURISTICKÁ ATRAKTIVITA MĚST ČR VE SVĚTLE NÁVŠTĚVNOSTI ZAHRANIČNÍCH TURISTŮ 2018 A 2020
(TOURIST ATTRACTIVENESS OF CITIES IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC IN THE SPOTLIGHT OF FOREIGN TOURISM FROM 2018 TO 2020)
- Author(s):Jiří Vystoupil, Martin Šauer, HELENA KUBÍČKOVÁ
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Health and medicine and law, Rural and urban sociology, Present Times (2010 - today), Tourism, Socio-Economic Research
- Page Range:312-319
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:urban tourism; tourist attractiveness of cities; intensity of foreign tourism; cities of the Czech Republic; pandemic COVID-19;
- Summary/Abstract:The goal of this article is to analyse and compare the tourist attractiveness of the cities in the Czech Republic from the foreign tourist point of view before the COVID-19 pandemic (in 2018) and during its peak (in 2020). To assess the tourist attractiveness of cities, two indicators were utilized in the study - the indicator of the intensity of foreign tourism (the ratio of overnight stays to the number of inhabitants) and the share of overnight stays of foreign tourists. The study embodies 191 cities with more than 5,000 inhabitants. Firstly, the results confirmed the patent dominance of Prague (69% of all overnight stays in 2018, the intensity 12.3), and the overall dominant position of 42 cities with urban conservation zone (92% share of overnight stays, the intensity 7.6) and above all of the spa towns (14.7% share of overnight stays, the intensity almost 14). Secondly, the results confirmed the expected consequences of the pandemic on the most tourist-attractive cities in 2020. The share of overnight stays fell to 24% compared to 2018. Likewise, the indicator of the intensity of foreign tourism fell from 4,0 to 1,0 with a milder impact on the most important spa towns (the share of overnight stays of foreign tourists slumped to 30.3%, the intensity dropped from 13.9 to 4.2).
REFLEXIA PANDÉMIE COVID-19 NA CESTOVNÝ RUCH A CESTOVNÉ KANCELÁRIE NA SLOVENSKU
REFLEXIA PANDÉMIE COVID-19 NA CESTOVNÝ RUCH A CESTOVNÉ KANCELÁRIE NA SLOVENSKU
(COVID-19 PANDEMIC REFLECTION ON TOURISM AND TOUR OPERATORS IN SLOVAKIA)
- Author(s):Lucia Petrikovicova, Jozef Petrikovič, Lukáš Wittlinger
- Language:Slovak
- Subject(s):Economic history, Present Times (2010 - today), Marketing / Advertising, Tourism
- Page Range:320-328
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:Covid-19; tourism; tour operator; tourism assistance scheme;
- Summary/Abstract:The pandemic has paralyzed the world and the European economy, with the exception of the tourism sector. The aim of the paper is focused to the functional evaluation of a selected tour operator with national scope and foreign background. In this paper, we follow the scope of the travel agency and its reflection on the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic. We analyze its operation in the period 2011-2022. The research took place in 2021 during the summer season. The number of clients depends mainly on the political stability of the destination, travel arrangements and the overall behavior of visitors, which cannot be influenced by the tour operator. We compare the pre-pandemic and post-pandemic periods and the current situation in tourism in Slovakia. We also focused on forms of tourism assistance and individual aid schemes. In the pandemic period, it was dominated by domestic tourism, and so travel agencies and tour operators began to orient and adapt their products to Slovak clients.
SHARING ECONOMY IN TERMS OF ACCOMMODATION AND CATERING SERVICES (CASE STUDY)
SHARING ECONOMY IN TERMS OF ACCOMMODATION AND CATERING SERVICES (CASE STUDY)
(SHARING ECONOMY IN TERMS OF ACCOMMODATION AND CATERING SERVICES (CASE STUDY))
- Author(s):Juraj Tej, Roman Vavrek, Viera Papcunova
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Recent History (1900 till today), Health and medicine and law, Tourism
- Page Range:329-335
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:sharing economy; catering services; accommodation services; regional cities; digital platforms; Covid-19;
- Summary/Abstract:Also thanks to pandemic, the sharing economy has recently gained more and more space. The use of the digital platforms that are part of it are present in various market segments. The aim of the article is to find out the involvement of business entities operating in catering and accommodation services in the sharing economy on the basis of a questionnaire survey. At the same time, we tried to identify the positive and negative aspects of the sharing economy from the perspective of individual business entities. We also evaluated the view of these business entities on the use of Internet portal services (eg Bolt food, Wolt, Bistro, Booking, Trivago, etc.) during the pandemic period. The research, which took place in the time period January - February 2022, involved 85 business entities operating in catering and accommodation services from regional cities in Slovakia. The questionnaire survey showed that accommodation and catering facilities in regional cities perceive more positives of the sharing economy than negatives. Of the positives, they perceived the increase in ordes the most, the biggest negative was the increase in competition. The vast majority of businesses have been helped by Internet portals to mitigate the negative effects during the Covid - 19 pandemic.
SDÍLENÉ UBYTOVÁNÍ A JEHO VLIV NA CENY NEMOVITOSTÍ: PŘÍPADOVÁ STUDIE Z PRAHY
SDÍLENÉ UBYTOVÁNÍ A JEHO VLIV NA CENY NEMOVITOSTÍ: PŘÍPADOVÁ STUDIE Z PRAHY
(SHARING ACCOMODATION AND IMPACT ON PROPERTY PRICES: CASE STUDY FROM PRAGUE)
- Author(s):Filip Emmer
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Regional Geography, Economic development, Tourism
- Page Range:336-343
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:sharing economy; residential property market; Airbnb;
- Summary/Abstract:This work focuses on short-term rentals, which is essetnial part of the sharing economy. This particular segment and its impact on the property prices has been frequently discussed in both mass media and the academic research. The aim of this study is to identify whether or not short term rentals have statistically significant impact on the property prices. To fulfill the main research aim, multiple OLS regression model is applied. Results of this method indicate that Airbnb has local impact and contributes to price rise in areas with significant amount of short-term rental supply. On the other hand, model provides no evidence of impact on the whole city of Prague, which was selectí as a basis for this study.
EKONOMICKÝ POTENCIÁL VYUŽITÍ GEOTERMÁLNÍ ENERGIE V LOKALITĚ PASOHLÁVKY
EKONOMICKÝ POTENCIÁL VYUŽITÍ GEOTERMÁLNÍ ENERGIE V LOKALITĚ PASOHLÁVKY
(ECONOMIC POTENTIAL OF USING GEOTHERMAL ENERGY IN THE PASOHLÁVKY REGION)
- Author(s):PETR HALÁMEK, Dominika Tóthová
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Energy and Environmental Studies, Regional Geography, Environmental and Energy policy, Public Finances
- Page Range:344-349
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:geothermal energy; levelized cost of heat; financial analysis;
- Summary/Abstract:The aim of the paper is to verify the economic potential for the use of geothermal energy from existing Mu-3G and Pa-2G thermal water wells in the Pasohlávky locality in the South Moravian Region. The evaluation is based on a financial analysis of the use of thermal water for wellness activities compared to standard heat sources. The use of geothermal energy allows a return on investment over 14 years (without credit financing); levelized costs of heat are estimated at CZK 1.3 thousand/MWh. The processed financial analysis confirmed the economic potential for geothermal energy in the locality. However, its use must respect the rules related to the protection of existing wells as natural healing resources.
HODNOTENIE SCHOPNOSTI PRÍRODNÉHO KAPITÁLU POSKYTOVAŤ KULTÚRNE EKOSYSTÉMOVÉ SLUŽBY V REGIÓNOCH SR
HODNOTENIE SCHOPNOSTI PRÍRODNÉHO KAPITÁLU POSKYTOVAŤ KULTÚRNE EKOSYSTÉMOVÉ SLUŽBY V REGIÓNOCH SR
(EVALUATION OF THE ABILITY OF NATURAL CAPITAL TO PROVIDE CULTURAL ECOSYSTEM SERVICES IN SLOVAK REGIONS)
- Author(s):Jarmila Makovníková, Stanislav Kološta, Filip Flaška
- Language:Slovak
- Subject(s):Supranational / Global Economy, Sociology of Culture, Environmental interactions, Tourism
- Page Range:350-359
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:ecosystem services; assessment; evaluation; recreation and tourism; potential;
- Summary/Abstract:Recreation and tourism, as an important category of cultural ecosystem services, is an important part of the economy and, in addition to economic importance, also contributes to improving the quality of life, overall wellbeing and education. The assessment and evaluation of recreation and tourism is important in the case of both managed and natural ecosystems. The aim of the paper is to provide an alternative view of the assessment and evaluation of the potential of cultural ecosystem services with a focus on the category of recreation and tourism in four model regions of the Slovak Republic with diverse natural and geographical characteristics. In evaluating we used the cartographic layer of ecosystems in model regions and a modified matrix of ecosystem services. The results in the chosen regions indicated that the terrain fragmentation in combination with higher altitude and a larger area of forests and protected areas may represent significant factors influencing the area's potential to provide various benefits from recreation and tourism within cultural ecosystem services. The relationship between the logical assumption that the higher monetary potential for recreation and tourism within the cultural ecosystem services is represented in the region, the more intensively it is used, e.g. in the form of a larger number of visitors or overnight stays, has not been shown.
DŮSLEDKY ENVIRONMENTÁLNÍCH POSTOJŮ PRO VOLBU UDRŽITELNÉHO ZPŮSOBU DOPRAVY
DŮSLEDKY ENVIRONMENTÁLNÍCH POSTOJŮ PRO VOLBU UDRŽITELNÉHO ZPŮSOBU DOPRAVY
(CONSEQUENCES OF ENVIRONMENTAL ATTITUDES FOR SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT MODE CHOICE)
- Author(s):Markéta Novotná, Lucie Košťálová
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Energy and Environmental Studies, Political Ecology, Environmental interactions, Tourism, Transport / Logistics
- Page Range:360-366
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:consumer behaviour; responsibility; ecological footprint; tourism;
- Summary/Abstract:The transport sector is one of the largest sources of greenhouse gas emissions, making a significant contribution to climate change. As the tourism sector is linked to movement in space and the choice of transport mode, it is also affected by the issue of sustainability. The paper aims to evaluate what factors influence the choice of sustainable transport mode on the way to the destination and determine the importance of environmental attitudes of tourism participants in their decision-making process. Similarly, the connection between sustainable behaviour in the home environment and the willingness to pay extra for a greener transport mode is investigated. A questionnaire was compiled based on relevant scientific literature. It was distributed electronically in the period October– November 2021, primarily among respondents in the age group of 18–35 years, which is widely discussed in the scientific literature. In a sample of 255 respondents, respondents with a greener mindset gave higher importance to the environmental impact of the transport mode and were willing to pay more for greener mode. Although the plane was one of the most widely used modes, there was a larger proportion in a more sustainable mode of transport among more environmentally friendly respondents.
SPATIAL ASPECTS OF OVERTOURISM IN SELECTED DESTINATIONS
SPATIAL ASPECTS OF OVERTOURISM IN SELECTED DESTINATIONS
(SPATIAL ASPECTS OF OVERTOURISM IN SELECTED DESTINATIONS)
- Author(s):Aneta Krajíčková, Petr Tonev, Michaela NEUMANNOVÁ
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Regional Geography, Rural and urban sociology, Tourism
- Page Range:367-374
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:impacts of tourism; overtourism; relevant tourist area; spatial differentiation;
- Summary/Abstract:One of the specifics of overtourism is its uneven distribution in space and time. Defining an area where the manifestations are visible and the people living in the area are affected is important not only for the correct interpretation of objective numerical indicators, which are used to identify a potential problem, but especially for the application of appropriate measures to alleviate overtourism. The aim of this article is to define, based on direct knowledge of selected destinations in Karlštejn and Kladruby nad Labem, the behavior of visitors in the destination and map materials, the relevant tourist area for the study of overtourism, its impacts and manifestations. In this process, a demand-oriented approach is used. The area is defined both graphically in ArcMAP ESRI and numerically with the function Dissolve. In connection with the visual and numerical delimitation of the area, selected indicators of tourism pressure for both mentioned destinations are calculated. The values compared to corresponding values in other destinations suffering from overtourism indicate the presence of overtourism in Karlštejn.
IMPACT OF THE INSCRIPTION OF THE CULTURAL LANDSCAPE ON THE UNESCO LIST ON TOURISM DESTINATION
IMPACT OF THE INSCRIPTION OF THE CULTURAL LANDSCAPE ON THE UNESCO LIST ON TOURISM DESTINATION
(IMPACT OF THE INSCRIPTION OF THE CULTURAL LANDSCAPE ON THE UNESCO LIST ON TOURISM DESTINATION)
- Author(s):Zuzana Kvítková, ZDENKA PETRŮ, Petr Houška, Lucie Macáková
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Museology & Heritage Studies, Sociology of Culture, Tourism, Socio-Economic Research
- Page Range:375-381
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:tourism destination; heritage; the impact of UNESCO site; Czech Republic;
- Summary/Abstract:The site inscription on the UNESCO list of cultural and natural heritage is important for tourism destination development. It is associated with several positive and negative impacts on sustainable destination development. The paper aims to evaluate the impacts and potential effects of the registration of the cultural landscape of the Kladruby nad Labem National Stud Farm on the monument as such, its surroundings, and related subjects in the destination. Quantitative methods such as the number of visitors, tourism density and intensity were used to assess the impacts and sustainability. A qualitative method of structured interviews with various stakeholders was used to evaluate the potential influence and perception of the inscription on the UNESCO list. The observation method was also used. The research showed that the inscription on the UNESCO list had an impact on the visitors´ growth and its year-on-year growth (except in 2020). Tourism indexes of density and intensity pointed to the possibility of destination congestion. The structured interviews showed that the inscription has a rather positive effect on the monument itself, as well as the municipality, destination, and tourism within the region. Results confirm that the positive effects are associated primarily with the ability of the monument itself to regulate its attendance.
THE LINKAGES BETWEEN THE LOCAL ECONOMY AND TOURISM ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE SOUTH BOHEMIAN REGION
THE LINKAGES BETWEEN THE LOCAL ECONOMY AND TOURISM ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE SOUTH BOHEMIAN REGION
(THE LINKAGES BETWEEN THE LOCAL ECONOMY AND TOURISM ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE SOUTH BOHEMIAN REGION)
- Author(s):Ilona Švihlíková, Daniel Tóth, Iveta Hamarneh
- Language:English
- Subject(s):National Economy, Regional Geography, Tourism
- Page Range:382-390
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:local economy; multiplier; tourism; South Bohemian Region;
- Summary/Abstract:The study aims to show in the conditions of the South Bohemian Region the effectiveness and efficiency of support for the local economy as an endogenous source of employment and business development in tourism support. The methodological procedure is a multiplier including an input-output matrix for the South Bohemian Region. This matrix contains statistical data on aggregated regional - economic resources, production, and consumption. The results of the calculations of final demand and regional gross value added of the region are also presented. The primary data sources for the calculation were the open-source of the Czech Statistical Office, which publishes the Statistical Yearbook every year. The Statistical Yearbook of the South Bohemian Region 2021 contains all the necessary data for processing the input-output analysis of the multiplier effects of the tourism industry. The results of the application of these tools are summarized in a sectoral input-output table for the South Bohemian Region. The output multipliers for the South Bohemian Region show increased tourism scores compared to structurally similar regions. It is, therefore, a promising sector, which is determined by the favorable structure of tourist attractions.
ROZVOJ OBCÍ V NITRIANSKEJ DIECÉZE V KONTEXTE RELIGIÓZNEHO TURIZMU
ROZVOJ OBCÍ V NITRIANSKEJ DIECÉZE V KONTEXTE RELIGIÓZNEHO TURIZMU
(DEVELOPMENT OF MUNICIPALITIES IN THE NITRA DIOCESE IN THE CONTEXT OF RELIGIOUS TOURISM)
- Author(s):Daša Oremusová, Magdaléna Nemčíková, Lucia Petrikovicova, Hilda Kramáreková, Alfréd KROGMANN
- Language:Slovak
- Subject(s):Regional Geography, Economic development, Tourism, Sociology of Religion
- Page Range:391-399
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:religious tourism; Pozba; Močenok; regional development;
- Summary/Abstract:Religiosity is historically firmly rooted in Slovakia. It also has a historical foundation in the Nitra Diocese, which confirms the establishment of the Nitra Diocese in 880 by Pope John VIII. at the request of Prince Svätopluk. The aim of the article is to analyze the impact of religious tourism on the development of two selected rural municipalities in the Nitra diocese - Pozba and Močenok. From a methodological point of view, the basis was the excerpt of print and electronic information sources of various kinds, results of pilgrimage places questionnaires and their comparative analysis. Critical access to information was supported by communication with the Episcopal Office in Nitra, interviews with parish administrators, mayors and residents. The field survey was associated with the documentation of sacral spaces. The result of the work is the identification of forms, resp. manifestations of the functioning of the secular and ecclesial community in both municipalities. While the municipality of Pozba represents a traditional center of pilgrim tourism, the municipality of Močenok has transformed from this position into a center of Christian theater, which is also perceived at the national level. Both municipalities support the activities of ecclesiastical communities and localities of pilgrimage sites are perceived as inseparable parts of municipalities. In both municipalities, which are also part of European cultural routes, religious tourism significantly contributes to the visibility of the municipality and conditions its development, especially in connection with the construction of infrastructure.
DYNAMIKA VÝVOJE POLITIKY ZVÝŠENÉHO KOEFICIENTU DANĚ Z NEMOVITÝCH VĚCÍ V ČR
DYNAMIKA VÝVOJE POLITIKY ZVÝŠENÉHO KOEFICIENTU DANĚ Z NEMOVITÝCH VĚCÍ V ČR
(DYNAMICS OF THE POLICY OF THE INCREASED PROPERTY TAX COEFFICIENT IN CZECHIA)
- Author(s):Pavel Zdražil
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Economic development, Public Finances, Fiscal Politics / Budgeting
- Page Range:400-407
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:local taxation; local budgets; municipalities; Czech Republic;
- Summary/Abstract:The aim of the contribution is to assess the development dynamics and spatial context of the implementation of the increased local real estate tax coefficient policy in the municipalities of Czechia. Based on the period of 2009-2021, an analysis is carried out at the level of all municipalities. It is based on the methods of aggregation and comparison. The late builds-up on the evaluation of the development of statistical characteristics, growth and ratio indices and also spatial distribution over time. The analysis shows that the possibility of increasing income through the real estate tax coefficient is utilized by more and more municipalities. Moreover, the phases of taxation increase correlate with the cycles of elections to municipal councils. From a spatial point of view, it the policy of increasing the property tax is mostly implemented by the north-western border of Czechia and in the vicinity of the largest centres – Prague, Brno and Ostrava. Furthermore, it is also used in important recreational areas and by municipalities that have large buildings sites in their land register (power plants, mining constructions, etc.). Hence, it seems the policy of higher taxation is driven by the effort to burden entities producing significant negative externalities.
VLASTNICTVÍ ZEMĚDĚLSKÉ PŮDY: ROZVOJOVÝ STIMUL, DĚDICTVÍ…PROSTŘEDEK SNÍŽENÍ NEGATIVNÍCH DOPADŮ KLIMATICKÉ ZMĚNY?
VLASTNICTVÍ ZEMĚDĚLSKÉ PŮDY: ROZVOJOVÝ STIMUL, DĚDICTVÍ…PROSTŘEDEK SNÍŽENÍ NEGATIVNÍCH DOPADŮ KLIMATICKÉ ZMĚNY?
(AGRICULTURAL LAND OWNERSHIP: A DEVELOPMENT INCENTIVE, A LEGACY...A MEANS OF REDUCING THE NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE?)
- Author(s):Ondřej Konečný, Ondřej Šerý, Alice Kozumplíková, Mirjana Stanojević, Jakub Trojan, Jiří Lehejček
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Business Economy / Management, Agriculture, Economic development, Environmental interactions
- Page Range:408-416
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:landowner; municipalities; local development; management; motives;
- Summary/Abstract:The paper aims to reveal the meanings attached to agricultural land by its owners and municipal representatives. The way farmland is used influences how municipalities can reduce the negative impacts of climate change on their territory. Therefore, the paper seeks to further capture the motivations for farming by local owners and their connection to the environmental context. The research is based on personal questionnaire survey with landowners and interviews with municipal representatives in three model localities in the Czech Republic (Pohořelice, Valašsko-Kloboucko and Tišnov). According to the findings, the land is perceived as a valuable commodity, associated with heritage and tradition. From the point of view of local owners, it was associated with an investment, from the point of view of municipalities as a means of influencing the future direction of the municipality. The link between land ownership and environmental issues (e.g. the ability to influence the effects of climate change manifestations at the local level) was very weak.
ŠTRUKTÚRA VINÁRSKYCH SUBJEKTOV V NITRIANSKOM KRAJI
ŠTRUKTÚRA VINÁRSKYCH SUBJEKTOV V NITRIANSKOM KRAJI
(STRUCTURE OF WINE ENTITIES IN THE NITRA REGION)
- Author(s):Jana Némethová, Filip Krajči
- Language:Slovak
- Subject(s):Agriculture, Regional Geography
- Page Range:417-425
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:wine entities; wine-growing regions; Nitra Region;
- Summary/Abstract:The Nitra Region has favorable natural conditions for growing vines. Of the total number of 354 municipalities in the region are 271 of them wine-growing. There are 18 wine-growing districts on its territory, which are part of 3 wine-growing regions. The Nitra wine-growing region (178) has the most wine-growing municipalities, ahead of the South Slovakian (77) and Central Slovakian (16) region. Among the districts, the highest number is in the Zlatomoravecký (31), Vrábeľský (26) and Nitriansky (23) wine-growing districts, which are part of the Nitra wine-growing region. The Nitra Region has 234 registered winemakers, which represents more than 31% of registered winemakers in Slovakia. Natural persons (117) predominate over limited liability companies (94) and cooperatives (14). According to the number of registered winemakers, Nové Zámky (71), Komárno (55) and Levice (53) districts are leading. Of the wine-growing districts, Hurbanovský (45), Strekovský (32) and Tekovský (29) are significant. The aim of the paper was to present the structure of wine entities in the Nitra Region on the basis of legal form at various regional levels. We also focused on the basic characteristics of wine-growing areas in the region. We used several methods in processing the monitored issues. The main method used was the method of analysis. We also used a comparative method and statistical-mathematical methods. We expressed the obtained data graphically and cartographically using cartographic methods.
PRACOVNÁ INTEGRÁCIA V SLOVENSKOM POĽNOHOSPODÁRSTVE
PRACOVNÁ INTEGRÁCIA V SLOVENSKOM POĽNOHOSPODÁRSTVE
(WORK INTEGRATION IN SLOVAK AGRICULTURE)
- Author(s):Jana Jarábková, Marcela Chreneková
- Language:Slovak
- Subject(s):Agriculture, Labor relations, Financial Markets
- Page Range:426-436
- No. of Pages:11
- Keywords:employment; labor integration; social inclusion; agriculture; Slovak Republic;
- Summary/Abstract:The concept of social agriculture is based on the use of the benefits of productive and non-productive functions of agriculture to support the quality of life of socially or medically disadvantaged people. In connection with the benefits, emphasis is placed on work integration, social services, rehabilitation, therapy and educational activities, which are provided on the farm premises. The aim of the paper is to examine the possibilities of job integration of disadvantaged job seekers in the agricultural sector in the regions of Slovakia. Specifically, it aims to identify the potential of disadvantaged groups of jobseekers, analyze the capacity of farms in terms of jobs and the importance of agriculture for the regional economy and assess the readiness of farms to employ different groups of disadvantaged jobseekers. Secondary data and a questionnaire survey designed for agricultural enterprises were used in the study.The results of the survey showed that disadvantaged jobseekers account for a significant share of the total number of jobseekers. In the structure of disadvantaged jobseekers, long-term unemployed job seekers and job seekers over the age of 50 predominate in all regions. The questionnaire survey confirmed that these groups of disadvantaged job seekers are also the largest group that farms employ or plan to employ in the future. The absorption capacity of agricultural holdings can be limiting. Job capacity and the concentration of the agricultural sector indicate the spatial potential for the application of the concept of social agriculture. The paper also focuses in more detail on selected disadvantaged groups in the labour market, whose integration in the market may require a greater degree of adaptation of conditions by the employer.
VYBRANÉ PROSTOROVÉ ASPEKTY MIGRACE SPECIFICKÝCH SKUPIN OBYVATELSTVA V ČR
VYBRANÉ PROSTOROVÉ ASPEKTY MIGRACE SPECIFICKÝCH SKUPIN OBYVATELSTVA V ČR
(SELECTED SPATIAL ASPECTS OF THE MIGRATION OF SPECIFIC POPULATION GROUPS WITHIN THE CZECH REPUBLIC)
- Author(s):Petr Tonev, Marián Halás, Pavel Klapka, Stanislav Kraft
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Regional Geography, Demography and human biology, Migration Studies, Socio-Economic Research
- Page Range:437-445
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:migration; Czech Republic; spatial aspects;
- Summary/Abstract:As demonstrated by the results of several studies, the population does not form a homogeneous unit in terms of migration behaviour. Preferences of individual population groups may differ significantly, manifested by different choices of migration destinations, such as the type of territory or the distance involved. The contribution focuses on analysing and identifying the principal processes and trends of internal migration within the Czech Republic after 1989, emphasising the specifics of migration behaviour of different population groups depending on gender, age, education and reasons for moving, and their changes over time. The analysis used an anonymised database of internal migration between municipalities in the Czech Republic from 1991 to 2019. Based on the available data in each year, the population groups were analysed by gender, age, education, and reasons for moving. The primary results of the analysis have demonstrated that the average distance of migrations has decreased, despite a slight increase halfway through the period, and is shorter today than it was in the early 1990s. The results apply to all age groups and both genders, whereas the average distance moved is higher for men throughout the period and in most age groups. The conclusions of other studies have confirmed that the moving distance increases with education and with certain reasons for moving, such as changing the workplace or studies. On the other hand, residential or family reasons are characterised by shorter migration distances.
UKRAINIAN CRISIS - REGIONAL ANALYSIS OF MIGRATION IN THE CONTEXT OF CZECHIA
UKRAINIAN CRISIS - REGIONAL ANALYSIS OF MIGRATION IN THE CONTEXT OF CZECHIA
(UKRAINIAN CRISIS - REGIONAL ANALYSIS OF MIGRATION IN THE CONTEXT OF CZECHIA)
- Author(s):Josef Botlík, Milena Botlíková
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Regional Geography, Migration Studies, Asylum, Refugees, Migration as Policy-fields
- Page Range:446-454
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:migration; refugees; war; Ukraine; Czech Republic;
- Summary/Abstract:The aim of this article is to summarize and compare the development of migration related to the Ukrainian crisis in the context of previous migration crises and migration theories. Czechia, although not directly adjacent to Ukraine, is one of the major destination countries and was the target of the first wave of war migrants. However, refugee flows and destinations must be monitored in a broader context. We assume that the migration wave was largely conditioned by the existing Ukrainian minority in Czechia. Using comparison, multicorrelation analysis and data mining, the paper compares available data, related not only to the war in Ukraine but also to previous migrations and foreign workers’ movement of foreigners for work. Based on comparative analyzes, contexts are sought that could clarify the targeting of migrants and relate them to historical economic and social conditions. Research shows that there is a strong push-pull effect, given the composition of foreigners in Czechia and the number of Ukrainians employed.
A ROSE BY ANOTHER NAME WOULD SMELL THE SAME: HIDDEN POTENTIAL OF ANTISYSTEM PARTIES IN SLOVAKIA?
A ROSE BY ANOTHER NAME WOULD SMELL THE SAME: HIDDEN POTENTIAL OF ANTISYSTEM PARTIES IN SLOVAKIA?
(A ROSE BY ANOTHER NAME WOULD SMELL THE SAME: HIDDEN POTENTIAL OF ANTISYSTEM PARTIES IN SLOVAKIA?)
- Author(s):Tomáš Černěnko, Dana Kubenkova
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Government/Political systems, Electoral systems, EU-Accession / EU-DEvelopment
- Page Range:455-462
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:anti-system political parties; elections; political attitudes;
- Summary/Abstract:This article aims to identify voter attitudes, based on the results of the 2020 parliamentary elections, towards European integration, religious attitudes in politics, universal left-right integration, the rights of ethnic minorities, the position between cosmopolitan and national sentiments, and political decentralization in favour of regions at the district level of Slovakia, while considering factors that affect voter's selection. In the first step, we calculated the position of the district through the results of individual political parties (district level) in the elections to the National Council of the Slovak Republic in 2020 and data from the 2019 Chapel Hill expert survey. In the second step, we used these results as dependent variables for regression analysis, examining their dependence on the variables average wage, unemployment rate, ethnic composition, and time availability of the district's seat from the regional centre and Bratislava (capital). A retrospective analysis of voter attitudes at individual districts has shown that concerns about possible covert support for anti-system parties are warranted. “Negative” results, especially on religious principles in politics, ethnic minority rights, inclination to national values, and centralized power, show that if expectations from standard (or liberal democratic) parties are not met, there is a risk of voters diverting to radical parties.
VÝZNAMY STABILITY LOKÁLNÍCH POLITICKÝCH ELIT A MOŽNOSTI JEJÍHO HODNOCENÍ
VÝZNAMY STABILITY LOKÁLNÍCH POLITICKÝCH ELIT A MOŽNOSTI JEJÍHO HODNOCENÍ
(THE IMPORTANCE OF STABILITY OF LOCAL POLITICAL ELITES AND THE POSSIBILITIES OF ITS EVALUATION)
- Author(s):Jan Prener
- Language:Czech
- Subject(s):Economic history, Political history, Social history, Electoral systems, Transformation Period (1990 - 2010), Socio-Economic Research
- Page Range:463-470
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:local political elites; stability; territorial differentiation; Czechia;
- Summary/Abstract:Electoral behavior and thus the stability of municipal councils were determined by political and economic aspects of social transformation, including organizational irrationality in the early 1990s in Czechia. Given these facts and the growing polarization of space, it turns out that there are a number of small "non-viable" municipalities in the Czechia, which also show specific – high or low – values of stability of local political elites (municipal councils) and relatively unfavorable social, economic, demographic and other parameters. For these reasons, the ambition of the presented text is to reveal, through quantitative analysis, territorial differentiation of the stability of local political elites and selected factors, that either individually or in context, influenced changes in the staff of municipal councils in 1994–2018 in the Czechia.