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The study examines the nature and importance of the feast, in the context of role theory of personality. Highlighted specific features of the holiday are potential arguments about the feast on the formation of disposition “being” as fundamental to sociability personality.
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The author is an expert in the problems of criminal rehabilitation. In the paper are considered some philosophical, psychological, ethical and legal dimensions of the integration of former criminals.
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The death is not attractive to anyone, but is resident for each living creatures. Its conversion into taboo leads to a different transformations. We may find their expression in a symbolic funeral rituals. From this perspective, mourning and funeral rites of the Bulgarians proved particularly significant in shaping the attitudes toward death. If we linking these attitudes with specific stages of life, the dynamic in the attitude of Bulgarians towards the end of life will be clearly traceable.
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The aim of the study is to provide a generalized methodology for planning psychological, pedagogical and social work with clients in need / at risk.
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This paper is an attempt for a comparative analysis of the views of critical psychology for some shortcomings of clinical psychology and the basic principles of psychological counseling. Baseline is the large degree of overlap between the three activities clinical psychology, counseling and psychotherapy. This allows a certain convention to assume that what critical psychology makes as a criticism of the clinical concerns also counseling and psychotherapy. In this respect, in comparison to the consultation placed are such psychological aspects of clinical activity as the dominance of the medical model, the understanding of mental disorders in the context of social power and influence, consideration of ethnic, cultural and social realities in the assessment of the client side values psychological effects. The conclusion drawn is that psychological counseling methodologically and practically reaches some of the views of critical psychology.
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This article presents a theoretical and applied research on locus of control and styles of participation in group work, considered as factors in the optimization and management of human resources in the administration. Data from empirical research are analyzed and summarized and recommendations are formulated for effective motivation and active involvement of employees in the performance of their duties.
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The study defines the main threats to our country from the refugee crisis in Bulgaria in 2013 – 2014. The psychological analysis is focused on the political, legal, ethical and social aspects of the crisis. Special attention is paid to the examination of the problem in terms of C.G Jung’s concept about the Shadow. The paper outlines the temporal dynamics in the development of the crisis and the possible prospects out of it.
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The term borderline personality organization more accurately describes the people who do have a specific, stable, pathological personality organization, which is not a transitory state fluctuating between neurosis and psychosis. Borderline personality organization is characterized by diffuse identity, the use of primitive defenses, generally intact fragile reality testing, impairments in affect regulation and sexual and aggressive expression, inconsistent internalized values, and poor quality of relations with others.
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Divorce is a mondial phenomenon that affects not only the two parents but children too. Divorce is a wound of Albanian society extended during this time of transition. Parents divorce with each other and sometimes they “divorce” from their children. For a child, losing one parent is the same thing with dying. The aim of this study besides recognizing the phenomenon of divorce of parents and its importance for children of 9-12 years old to explore the effects of divorce of parents at attachment dynamics, self-esteem and shame and guilt. The methodology of this study is: attachment questionnaire, self–esteem questionnaire (Rosenberg) and shame and guilt questionnaire applied at 100 children of divorced families and 100 children of non divorced families at 9- years system at 12 schools in the city of Elbasan. This study proved all hypothesis and objectives and results that children of divorced families have more shame and guilt feelings than children of intact families. They feel guilty about the divorce of their parents. We, also, came to an end that children of divorced families have lower rates of self esteem than children of intact families. It was a very large number of children of intact families that had secure attachment compared to children of divorced families where non secure/anxious attachment. A characteristic of divorced children was the presence of avoidant and disorganized attachment among them. It was recommended that parent should not discuss their divorce in the presence of their children, should explain that divorce is for parents and not for children and is not children fault about the divorce.
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The following paper presents the problems of the project oriented training. The analysis is centered on the technology of the modern education strategy. Discussed are the following issues: strong and weak points of traditional education methods, the need to modernize them, the philosophy of the project oriented training and its application in universities by teaching students. Presented is the experimental design of research, carried out by the author team with students in psychology.
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People, in their everyday activities, are faced with multiple choices, decision making and problem solving when aiming at more effective adaptation, goal setting and goal attainment as well as efficient psychic energy expenditure and social integration. The present study aims at the elucidation of the cognitive processes that participate in decision making. It comments on fundamental conceptions in relation to the phenomenon, the stages in the process of decision making, the structure of the problems and the most common decision making mistakes.
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Art arises and there is a basis of spiritual culture, which imposes rules for the creation and development of values. It reflects the relationship between artist and reality, and involves a spiritual communication, allows for self-expression. Important for art is always public. In the context of today’s modern and active functioning of the country, it becomes a consumer. Cultural industries underpins the consumer society in which we live. The only possible way to tackle these problems is the intellectual rebellion. Whoever finds its essence in the process of creativity. Who can deal with the mediocrity and the devaluation of values through the freedom of personal choice in the search for truth.
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The model presents an experimental research project to study the influence of blind chess on cognitive functions - memory, thinking and spatial imagination of sighted and blind persons in middle school age on some aspects of personality (esteem and social resonance).
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The current report makes an attempt at examining the interrelationship between the personal dispositions and the factors predisposing to Internet addiction. The empirical verification of the theoretical concepts forms a structural model of Internet-Addiction among male university students with excellent statistical validity. Internet addicted students have proved to have comparatively higher psychoticism and negative social resonance.
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In the context of the modern education a leading role is allotted to the pedagogical ability to respect and stimulate every pupil’s free choice as a unique code to interpretation of knowledge. Working on fables at elementary school provides similar environment for pedagogical interaction. The specific effects of its performance – those of allusion and attitude are not only an exponent of interpretative skills for artistic recreation of a fable. They are also an original feedback of the pupil, which favours an opening of his reflexive skills and premises a development of his selfeffectiveness.
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The widespread notion of a unique national humour involves an impulse to apply thecommonplace assumptions of national identity that demand uniqueness of identity, history,language and culture for a political society. What is deemed true and distinctive of the nationmust be also be true and distinctive of its national humour, goes the thinking.However, such cultural exclusivity has not been reconciled with cultural exchangesbetween nations. Paradoxically, conceptions of national humour have been formulated indynamic tension with such exchanges during the various phases of globalization that havetaken place since the 19th century. The Americanisation of humour, in particular, has been animportant component of such transmissions and resulted from the commercial popular culturedominated by America since the nineteenth century. Australia is a prime example examinedhere along with examples from Britain. To complicate matters of transmission,Americanisation sometimes arrived in Australia via Britain as well as directly from Americaitself.Australians and Britons periodically reacted against American culture, includinghumour, as a threat to national identity. But this was part of a dynamic tension played outbetween modern and traditional, imported and local in their selections and adaptations ofhumour imports from America.There is a huge and historic complexity of cultural anxiety and cultural transfer lyingbehind the apparent cultural comforts of belonging to a nation-state. Moreover, humour hasplayed its part in the continual discursive recreation of the nation in the form of constantsearches for the unique national humour of a people.
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Patrycja Chuszcz’s aim in this article is to analyze the film productions of the Open Cages Association, which works for so-called farm animal rights, and to inquire about the attempt to go beyond the anthropocentric perspective in the audiovisual materials created by this organization. She begins her considerations by outlining the tradition of non-fiction film about animals. She discusses the current search for the zoocentric perspective in cinema by documentary and visual artists. Next she analyzes the film productions of the Open Cages Association. She compares the organization’s films with the perspective resulting from interviews with its members and with the literaturę on the subject. The analysis shows that activists – despite contesting a certain sector of modern civilization (related to industrial livestock production) – rely on the broader and prevailing technological-cultural paradigm. This borrowing is manifested, among other things, in the use of an anthropocentric perspective and anthropomorphism in the films created by the Open Cages Association. However, activists adopt this attitude consciously, following the perspective of effective altruism.
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This article is focused on the differences between shame and guilt examined through a psychological perspective. The purpose of this analysis developed here is to attain conceptual clarity about what is distinctive about shame and guilt. We claim that shame is erroneously included in the category of “moral emotions” and that, paradoxically, there is nothing moral in it. To this end, we emphasize that shame is produced by the failure to achieve a certain minimum, which is social in its nature. It is therefore connected with low demands on one’s self and low self-esteem. Guilt, on the other hand, is based on the failure to achieve a subjective maximum and an ideal, so it tends to be observed in personalities that exhibit high demands upon themselves and a high self-esteem.
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The article summarized the results of the research activity of Andrey Rossokhin, which is devoted to studying the dynamics of reflection in the altered states of consciousness in the course of psychoanalytic process. These states of consciousness are characterized by transformation of the semantic space of the subject and changing forms of categorization with a transition from socially normed to new ways of rationalizing internal experience and experiences take place. By theoretical and empirical analyses, A. Rossokhin concluded that through means of the internal dialogue during the altered states of consciousness, it carries out an active reflexive rethinking activity both previously non-reflective mental content and the very strategies of reflection with the internal dialogue. This leads to qualitative alteration in value-meaning formations, activates, and brings about the personality integration into a new, more complete state.
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A growing body of evidence suggests that there is a link between laughter and memory. However, no research has been done to show a link between simulated laughter (laughter yoga) and the enhancement of working memory. Because laughter has numerous benefits, we examined whether simulated laughter can improve healthy adults’ working memory (WM). A total of 30 participants (15 experimental and 15 control) were enrolled in this study. The research design was experimental and pretest-posttest with a control group. Participants in the laughter yoga intervention group had eight sessions twice a week for four weeks, whereas the control group received no intervention. We assessed all participants before and after laughter activity with the WM measures (Corsi Block Test and Digit Span). The laughter intervention programme focused on simulated laughter (laughter yoga) without relying on humour, jokes, or comedy. The results revealed a significant improvement in the memory of both visual and verbal WM performances in the experimental group after the intervention programme. In contrast, the study found no significant differences in the control group. Simulated laughter intervention is the easiest, practical, and cost-efficient method that seems to affect WM positively.
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