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Communication is a psychosocial interaction through which subjects transmit information and expect feedback, fulfill their goals, direct and control their own activity, that of a person or a group. To communicate effectively and expressively with oneself and others (Gh. Dumitriu 1998), means to convince, to be able to develop the thinking, affectivity and personality of others, to inform intelligibly and to understand correctly the meaning of the message, to notice and be aware of reactions, attitudes and behavioral changes in the receptors or audience. Communication, in general, and educational communication, in particular, are related to the phenomenon of social influence and persuasion. The teacher is the one who exerts influence through democratic behaviors that allow him to build a relationship based on mutual respect, self-disclosure and valorization, a context that facilitates the harmonious growth and development of the autonomous and creative personality. Among the sources of power that the teacher exercises in the educational context, we emphasize the importance of manifesting the power of reference that involves creating relationships based on affectivity and emotional support, the power of expertise based on shared competence of the teacher, legitimate power, specific to the teaching role, sources generating greater satisfaction than the one-way use of coercive power. The main component of education, communication, has always been an indispensable support for education. Receptive to the progress of human communication, the school has never ceased to approach and integrate intelligently
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Motivation is one of the most important prerequisites for school learning. The channeling efforts towards the construction and endowment of a school, towards the training of teachers are in vain without a solid motivation for students' learning. Self-regulation of learning also includes that of motivation (self-motivation). This requires students to have motivational learning strategies and tools used to maintain or increase their motivation while completing a learning activity. Parents consider a child motivated when he wants to have good results at school, does not expect to be "pushed" from behind and is appreciated by teachers. Among the motivational strategies and tools used at home and at school, the following stand out: increase hope; communication; engaging the imagination; encouraging self-motivation and involving the child in decision making; cultivating effort. At school, the teacher's enthusiasm and motivation are directly restricted to the student's motivation. Cooperative learning implies the hypothesis, according to which, the way in which the activities are involved determines the quality of the interaction between the students, the results of the activities being consequences of the interaction between them. Thus, one of the main elements to be created in the classroom is positive interdependence or cooperation
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This article reviews the literature on the skills of emotional intelligence to reduce stress, anxiety, fear, as well as the synthesis of scientific studies that have highlighted the mental pressure and challenges that adolescents go through during the coronavirus pandemic, as well as emphasizing the importance given to the support and emotional psychoeducation of adolescents to maintain mental health. The phenomenon of emotional intelligence is known worldwide and studied by many researchers. The data show that emotional education leads to academic performance, preventing problems, improving behavior or social relationships.
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Cyberbullying is a negative social phenomenon that takes place online. It consists of harassing technology users through various means and various platforms. Frequent exposure to this phenomenon can cause emotional, mental and social problems for victims, witnesses and aggressors.In the current pandemic context, when education has shifted to the online environment, and students spend a significant amount of time using different devices and online platforms, the number of cyberbullying cases is constantly increasing. There is currently little research describing how this phenomenon influenced online aggression.In preventing and eliminating this phenomenon, teachers play an important role, due to the time they spend with students and the impact they can have on them.In order to identify teachers' perceptions of this phenomenon during the pandemic and how they manage it in the classroom, we conducted a qualitative research on 10 teachers from primary and secondary schools. The results of the research were interesting and offered a new perspective on this phenomenon during Covid-19 crisis.
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The use of information technology in the activity and professional development by the teachers represents an extinguished necessity of the current stage. The new technologies come to the aid of the teacher, in the exercise of his profession. Using them makes the teacher's work more efficient, it helps him save time and space in making the necessary documents for carrying out, in good conditions, the activity. The development of information technologies has boosted the professional training of teachers for the use of TIC tools. Traditional teaching methods are not replaced by technology, but this can improve both the course material and the relationship between students and the teacher. Educational institutions must take advantage of the opportunities offered by technology and create programs, special software to offer the student an interactive, rich and varied learning experience. Technology is everywhere around us, and this must determine us, those responsible for the educational act in schools, to change the way students assimilate information during class hours.
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The present study deals with institutional bilingualism in the context of school structures in Romania where the language of teaching is different from Romanian. The conclusions of the paper show a few possible directions to follow in the context of conceiving an educational policy in which the linguistic alterity represents a natural element to be taken into consideration when considering the qualitative aspects of organisational structures.
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The present study asks in its title, which attempts to outline the current situation of the Hungarian folk dance teaching in Romania and to assess the practice and opportunities created by the natural (or in some places propagated) demand. In fact, it is actually trying to map a "curriculum" that is formally non-existent in the Romanian educational system, which is based on the needs of the invited or self-proclaimed dance instructors and co-leaders, but the study also seeks the basic question of whether it is possible and if so, then what methods to teach segments of traditional folk culture, namely, whether it is possible to instruct the "folk dance" in an artificial environment instinctively?
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Article indicates the elements of the development of the human personality and what is the significance of the visual arts in shaping personality, as a tool and method of interaction in the development of an integrated personality and learning visual artistic culture. Visual arts are treated here as a basic form of expression and the expression of individual psychological development, and thus one of the ways of knowing mental development. The issues are complemented by an analysis of selected cases where activity was used as a result of surgery to change attitudes, verification of self‑esteem, improve social relationships and the development of the capacity of perceiving reality, concentration, development of visual memory, imagination and creative thinking.
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Education of teachers in the Austrian-Hungarian period was starting point of this research. Namely, during the Austrian-Hungarian Monarchy education in Bosnia and Herzegovina was institutionalized for the first time in its history. Education became a moving force which effected life and society of that time. Teacher training schools were founded in this period of time and accumulated intellectuals who participated in social and cultural life of the country bringing important decisions in relation to education. School’s buildings that were constructed during the Austrian-Hungarian Monarchy are at the same service even today. Therefore, the attempt of this work is to compare teacher education in the past and today. It is important to detect how many changes were made regarding quality and practical implementation of teaching subject matters. The question is has quality kept its level of importance or has it exposed to some other influences or formal attempts? The intention of this paper is to research those facts and present them with regard to their specificity.
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Der Germanistenverband in Bosnien-Herzegowina veranstaltete in Zusammenarbeit mit der Philosophischen Fakultät der Universität Tuzla vom 16. bis zum 18. September 2021 an der Philosophischen Fakultät der Universität Tuzla die 3. Germanistenkonferenz. Das Thema der Konferenz war „Sprach- und Kultur(ver)mittlung“. An dieser Konferenz haben 30 Vortragende aus Bosnien-Herzegowina, Deutschland, Italien, Kroatien, Rumänien und Tschechien teilgenommen. Der vorliegende Sammelband beinhaltet 17 Artikel (acht originelle wissenschaftliche Arbeiten, eine vorläufige Mitteilung, sieben wissenschaftliche Übersichtsartikel und einen Fachartikel). Manche der Beiträge entstanden im Rahmen nationaler und internationaler Projekte, manche sind das Ergebnis langjähriger Arbeit an Promotionsprojekten, andere entstanden in kürzerer Zeit und wurden vor allem durch unseren Call for paper inspiriert. Die Beiträge wurden im Sammelband nach den Forschungsfeldern (Sprachwissenschaft, Übersetzungswissenschaft, Literaturwissenschaft, Fremdsprachendidaktik, Literaturdidaktik) und alphabethisch nach den Namen der AutorInnen angeordnet. Zunächst folgen Informationen zu den acht Beiträgen im Rahmen der Sektion Sprachwissenschaft: Der erste Beitrag entstand im Rahmen des Mehrphasenprojektes Bosnisch-Deutsches Universalwörterbuch, das an der Abteilung für Germanistik der Philosophischen Fakultät der Universität Sarajevo seit 2018 durchgeführt wird. Alma Čović-Filipović beschäftigt sich in diesem Beitrag zum Thema Lexikalischer Anisomorphismus im Sprachenpaar Bosnisch-Deutsch und Strategien der lexikografischen Vermittlung mit den lexikalisch-semantischen Beziehungen zwischen sprachlichen Einheiten des Bosnischen und Deutschen. Der Beitrag von Adriana Dănilă zum Thema Vermittlung von fachlichen Inhalten in einigen journalistischen Texten aus der „ADZ für Rumänien“, welcher ein Teil des GIP-Forschungsprojektes Coronavirus Debatte in der rumäniendeutschen Presse des IDF Heidelberg und fünf rumänischer Partneruniversitäten ist, beschäftigt sich mit sprachlichen Ausdrucksformen, die zur Vermittlung von Fachwissen dienen. Minka Džanko schreibt in ihrem gesprächsanalytischen Beitrag zum Thema ICH WEIß NICHT und NE ZNAM: Über direkte Vermittlung von Nicht-Wissen hinaus über den Gebrauch der im Titel genannten Phrasen in Arzt-Patienen-Gesprächen und vergleicht anhand der Analyse eines umfangreichen Korpus diesen Gebrauch bei deutschen und bosnischen PatientInnen. Alma Halidović und Zerina Brkić interpretieren in ihrem Beitrag mit dem Titel Pragmatische Aspekte des Schweigens. Analyse am Beispiel des Romans „Ehre“ von Elif Shafak die unterschiedlichen Funktionen des Schweigens in einem literarischen Werk. In ihrem Beitrag zum Thema Verwendung von lexikalisierten Diminutiven bei Körperteilbezeichnungen im Deutschen und im Bosnischen nimmt Meliha Hrustić die Körperteilbezeichnungen mit diminutiven Suffixen unter die Lupe und vergleicht den Bestand solcher Wörter in beiden genannten Sprachen. Im Beitrag Werbeanzeigen aus den Osijeker deutschsprachigen Zeitungen „Die Drau“ und „Slavonische Presse“ als Sprach- und Kultur(ver)mittler im späten 19. und frühen 20. Jahrhundert von Ivana Jozić und Ivana Šarić Šokčević bekommt der Leser einen wissenschaftlichen Einblick in die Werbeanzeigen aus einer anderen Zeit. Dieser Beitrag entstand im Rahmen des Projektes Spurensuche: Deutsche Sprache, Literatur und Kultur in Kroatien, welches wiederum im Rahmen der GIP zwischen dem Institut für Germanistik der Universität Gießen und der Abteilung für deutsche Sprache und Literatur der Fakultät für Sozial- und Geisteswissenschaften der Universität Osijek entstanden ist und vom DAAD finanziell unterstützt wird. Zineta Lagumdžija schreibt in ihrem Artikel Textsortenabhängigkeit sprachlicher Strukturen am Beispiel der Konstruktion [sich lassen + Infinitiv] in der politischen Berichterstattung in deutschen Tageszeitungen, einer pragmatisch- und kommunikationsorientierten Untersuchung, über die informative und appelative Funktion der im Titel genannten Konstruktion. Diana Ristivojević, Doktorandin an der Universität Tuzla, behandelt in ihrem Beitrag Darstellung der Partikelkombinationen in ihrer Abfolge am Beispiel der Modalpartikel „schon“ auf der Basis einer theoretischen Grundlage die Abfolge der Modalpartikelkombinationen mit der Modalpartikel schon in der heutigen Standardsprache. Zwei Beiträge enstanden in der Sektion Übersetzungswissenschaft. Im ersten Artikel mit dem Titel Hotspots und Hotwords in den ins Deutsche übersetzten Erzählungen über Mostar von Hamza Humo analysiert Sanela Mešić die in den Erzählungen vorkommenden Hotspots und Hotwords und ihre Übersetzungen ins Deutsche. Es handelt sich, wie bei vielen anderen Beiträgen auch, um einen interdisziplinären Beitrag, der sich mit interkultureller Pragmatik, mit der Übersetzungswissenschaft und der Linguokulturologie beschäftigt. Im Rahmen eines Untertitelungsprojektes mit studentischer Beteiligung an der Universität Banja Luka entstand der Beitrag Un(über)setzbarkeit von Vulgarismen ins Deutsche am Beispiel der Untertitlung der heimischen Serie „Kosti“ von Melsada Zec Zejnić und Ivana Četić. Die beiden AutorInnen behandeln Schimpfwörter und Flüche im Serbischen und ihre Entsprechungen im Deutschen. Aus dem Bereich der Literaturwissenschaft können drei Beiträge vorgestellt werden. Christina Arendt stellt in ihrem Artikel zum Thema Aktuelle Fiktionalisierungsformen der juristischen Aufarbeitung nationalsozialistischer Verbrechen am Beispiel von „Der Fall Collini“ von Ferdinand von Schirach (2011) und „Deutsches Haus“ von Annette Hess (2018) „zwei literarische Fiktionalisierungsformen der juristischen Aufarbeitung nationalsozialistischer Verbrechen“ vor, welche im letzten Jahrzehnt publiziert wurden. Ivica Petrović gewährt uns in seinem Beitrag Die Gegend um Tuzla in deutschsprachigen Reiseberichten einen Einblick in die Kultur in der Gegend um Tuzla, wie sie in literarischen Werken dargestellt wird. Jasmina Zlatarević schreibt in ihrem Artikel Zur literarischen Rekonstruktion des Opferbegriffes im Roman „Schindlers Lift“ von Darko Cvijetić über ein sehr aktuelles Werk, welches auch ins Deutsche übersetzt wurde. In der Sektion Fremdsprachendidaktik sind drei Beiträge entstanden. Im ersten mit dem Titel Zum Stellenwert von Sprach- und Kulturmittlung im Fremdsprachenunterricht: Mit Beispielen aus aktuellen DaF-Lehrwerken gibt die Autorin Lara Hedžić einen sehr detaillierten theoretischen Überblick zum Thema Sprachmittlung in der Fremdsprachendidaktik und analysiert dann ein paar bosnische und deutsche DaF-Lehrwerke im Hinblick auf die Sprachmittlungsaufgaben. Der Beitrag von Petr Pytlík zum Thema Fremdsprachendidaktisches Potential von authentischen Texten im DaF/DaZ-Unterricht – ein Unterrichtsentwurf für A2-Niveau entstand im Rahmen des Projektes eines methodischen Online-Portals an der Pädagogischen Fakultät der Masaryk-Universität in Brno. Der Autor möchte zeigen, dass authentische Texte auch für Lernende mit einem niedrigeren Sprachniveau geeignet sind. Ivica Tokić beschäftigt sich in seinem Artikel zum Thema Phraseologismen im DaF-Unterricht mit der Phraseodidaktik, mit den Methoden und einzelnen Schritten, die man berücksichtigen sollte, wenn man im DaF-Unterricht Phraseologismen behandelt. Der letze Beitrag in diesem Sammelband ist in der Literaturdidaktik anzusiedeln. Die Autorin Marijana Jeleč zeigt mit ihrem Beitrag Kinderliteratur als Medium für interkulturelles Lernen am Beispiel von Uticha Marmons „Mein Freund Salim“ und Peter Härtlings „Djadi, Flüchtlingsjunge“, wie Literatur das interkulturelle Lernen bei Kindern fördern kann. Die meisten Beiträge behandeln, wie auch an den Titeln zu erkennen ist, auf die eine oder andere Art und Weise das Thema Sprach- und Kultur(ver)mittlung, aber wir haben in den Sammelband auch andere interessante Beiträge aufgenommen, die sich mit anderen germanistischen Themen befassen. Alle Artikel unterlagen einem doppelt-blinden Begutachtungsverfahren, bei welchem sie auch kategorisiert wurden. Unser aufrichtiger Dank gilt allen AutorInnen für die interessanten Vorträge und noch interessanteren Beiträge für den Sammelband, aber ebenso den GutachterInnen aus Deutschland, Italien, dem Kosovo, Kroatien, Nordmazedonien, Österreich, Polen, Serbien, Slowenien, Spanien, Tschechien und der Türkei, die sehr detaillierte und konstruktive Verbesserungsvorschläge gemacht haben. Um ihre Anonymität wahren zu können, unterlassen wir es, ihre Namen zu nennen, aber wir hoffen, dass wir sie für die Teilnahme an den kommenden Konferenzen des Germanistenverbandes in Bosnien-Herzegowina begeistern können. Wir bedanken uns ganz herzlich bei der Philosophischen Fakultät Tuzla, die uns ihre Räumlichkeiten zur Verfügung gestellt hat; beim Goethe-Institut Sarajevo für die Einladung der Plenarvortragenden; beim Österreich Institut Sarajevo für die Unterstützung; bei dem ganzen Organisationsteam und dem Herausgeberbeirat; bei dem Föderalen Ministerium für Bildung und Wissenschaft für die finanzielle Unterstützung; bei dem DAAD-Lektor an der Universität Sarajevo, Martin Schönemann, dessen Verbesserungsvorschläge und Hinweise zur Qualität des Sammelbandes beigetragen haben; und bei allen anderen, die zum Erfolg der Konferenz und zur Veröffentlichung dieses Sammelbandes ihren Beitrag geleistet haben.
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Ideja o pisanju knjige i pokretanju projekta o srpsko-albanskim odnosima javila se, kako to na Balkanu često biva, u kafani (koja je, doduše, u neposrednoj blizini Narodne biblioteke Srbije). Pošto su se u Betonu pojavili tekstovi Milana Miljkovića o predstavljanju Albanaca u srpskoj štampi i Aleksandra Pavlovića o figuri Turčina kao neprijatelja, Milan je uz čašicu predložio da se inicira projekat koji bi okupio srpske i albanske intelektualce, teoretičare i teoretičarke u oblasti društvenih nauka koji bi zajedno obrađivali srpsko-albanske odnose. Verovatno je najčešći način borbe protiv politika neprijateljstva začudna i retka politika prijateljstva. Tako je bilo i u slučaju Aleksandra Pavlovića i Rigelsa Halilija, koji su zbog sličnosti u naučnim temama i interesovanjima najpre uspostavili „naučno pobratimstvo“, a ubrzo došli i do nekolicine drugih srpskih i albanskih kolega zainteresovanih da učestvuju u ovom projektu. Da sve ne ostane na kafanskoj priči (što na Balkanu takođe često biva) zasluga je i urednikā Betona, prevashodno Saše Ćirića, koji je kumovao projektu i knjizi predloživši njen naziv Figura neprijatelja: preosmišljavanje srpsko-albanskih odnosa, a obezbedio je i pomoć prevodilačke mreže Traduki koja je odmah prihvatila da sufinansira prevođenje tekstova sa srpskog na albanski jezik i obrnuto. Usledilo je nekoliko neuspelih inicijativa sa domaćim institucijama – naši prijatelji iz albanskog Ministarstva kulture rekli su nam da misle da za ovako nešto još nije vreme, a na konkursu srpskog Ministarstva kulture uprkos obimnoj dokumentaciji koju smo poslali u traženih 7 (i slovima sedam) primeraka (!), projekat na godišnjem konkursu nije dobio ni dinara. Za razliku od rečenih institucija, kolege iz Instituta za filozofiju i društvenu teoriju, pogotovo sadašnje koordinatorke projekta i kourednice ove knjige Gazela Pudar Draško i Adriana Zaharijević, uz mentorstvo Petra Bojanića, založile su se za projekat i značajno ojačale prvobitnu aplikaciju, koja je zatim podržana u okviru švajcarskog Programa za promociju istraživanja na zapadnom Balkanu koji finansira Švajcarska agencija za razvoj i saradnju, na čemu im dugujemo veliku zahvalnost. Pored IFDT-a i KPZ Beton, saradnici na projektu su i „Ćendra multimedija“ („Quendra Multimedia“) iz Prištine, koja je 2011. godine zajedno sa KPZ Beton objavila antologije Iz Prištine, s ljubavlju (o savremenoj kosovskoj literaturi na albanskom jeziku) i Iz Beograda, s ljubavlju (o savremenoj prozi mlađih autora u Srbiji), i „Poeteka“ iz Tirane, ugledni izdavački i kulturni centar koji kontinuirano objavljuje prevode savremene i ranije srpske književnosti na albanski jezik.
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Zavod za udžbenike i nastavna sredstva (ZUNS) svake godine izdaje djelimično izmijenjene i dopunjene ili potpuno nove udžbenike za osnovnu i srednju školu. Te promjene udžbenika stvaraju i dodatni trošak u budžetu Crne Gore i roditelja, a autorima, recezentima, štamparijama i distributerima korist. Zavod za statistiku Monstat nema javno objavljene podatke o broju učenika za školsku 2017/2018 i 2018/2019. godinu. Posljednji objavljeni zvanični podaci prikazani su za školsku 2016/2017 kada je osnovnu školu pohađalo 67 516 učenika, srednju 27 565 učenika, a visoko obrazovanje 23 138 studenata. Po podacima Ministarstva prosvjete, iznijetim u medijima, u Crnoj Gori je u školskoj 2018/2019 ukupno 28 700 učenika pohađalo srednje obrazovanje, dok je osnovno obrazovanje pohađalo njih oko 68 000. Ministarstvo prosvjete utvrđuje neophodne udžbenike i nastavna sredstva i vrši izmjene i dopune istih za osnovnu i srednju školu, shodno utvrđenom planu i programu Zavoda za školstvo, a na prijedlog Nacionalnog savjeta za obrazovanje što odobrava i sam Savjet svojom Odlukom. Nacionalni savjet za obrazovanje je u obavezi da odobri listu udžbenika. Odbor za opšte obrazovanje i Odbor za stručno obrazovanje daju saglasnost na utvrđenu listu udžbenika prije nego to odobri i sam Nacionalni savjet za obrazovanje. U skladu sa poslovnikom o radu Nacionalnog savjeta za obrazovanje, odluka se donosi ako se za nju izjasni više od polovine ukupnog broja članova Nacionalnog savjeta.
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Didactics of mathematics, natural sciences and vocational education represent developing areas and are a breeding ground for new ideas and approaches. In mathematics and physics, the proceedings provide an overview of the historical development of education process and the possibilities of activating students. From a practical point of view, physics and chemistry are interconnected by using simulations in teaching. Vocational education is represented from various perspectives, whether in technical education, by solving logistical problems, or educational activities in the teaching of economic subjects. Due to the current situation, there are abundant contributions on the effects of the ongoing pandemic on the educational process and distance learning.
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A ruined city. Upon liberation of Shusha from occupation, the first noticeable side that was felt was a large number of signs of vandalism, barbarism, and hatred for Shusha. After the devastation caused in Aghdam and Fuzuli, at first it seemed strange to face brutality here again. As during the occupation years, this city had been the residential area where families had continuously been living and hoilding prestigious events. Most importantly, researchers and politicians have been mouthfully talking about “native Shushi” (that’s how s call Shusha - G.A.) and counting it to be very important for s in each their opportunity. However, hypocrisy is felt more clearly as we pass by every building which is turned into a ruin, and as we walk through the streets with full of residential houses which are full of bushy and grass-covered yards, without ceilings and floors, without doors and windows, and with half ruined by the invaders walls.
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The book is interdisciplinary and it comprises of different chapters written by different scholars. The chapters have been written on applied linguistics, sociology, history, economy and political science.
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Na ovom se mjestu nalaze nastavni materijali potrebni za realizaciju nastavne cjeline "Svjetski etos u osnovnim školama" iz "Priručnika svjetskog etosa za osnovne škole". Nastavni materijali - priče, molitve, debatske kartice, kvizovi, deklaracije... - poredani su tako da prate strukturu dotične nastavne cjeline odnosno strukturu nastavnih jedinica od kojih se ona sastoji. Podsjećamo da se nastavna cjelina "Svjetski etos u osnovnim školama" sastoji od osam nastavnih jedinica: 1. Ljudskost: temeljni poziv svakog čovjeka 2. Uzajamnost: „zlatno pravilo“ u sferi ljudskoga 3. Kultura nenasilja i strahopoštovanja pred svekolikim životom 3.1. Mirotvorstvo – Nenasilje – Pomirenje 3.2. Ekologija: susretište vjerničke i građanske odgovornosti 3.3. Vršnjačko nasilje 4. Kultura solidarnosti i pravednog ekonomskog poretka 5. Kultura tolerancije i života u istinoljubivosti 6. Kultura ravnopravnosti i partnerstva muškarca i žene 7. Svjetski etos kao platforma izrade razrednog i školskog etosa 8. Dijalog religija: nužan prilog svjetskom miru i blagostanju - a svaka nastavna jedinica od: A. Teorijske pozadine B. Motivacije C. Scenarija. U svrhu lakšeg snalaženja rubovi stranica s nastavnim materijalima označeni su baš onim bojama kojim su označeni rubovi stranica odgovarajućih nastavnih jedinica u "Priručniku svjetskog etosa za osnovne škole". Dakako, prezentirani nastavni materijali nisu obvezujuće prirode. Nastavnicima je ostavljena puna sloboda koristiti se ne samo drugim tekstovima nego i drugim metodama za podučavanje učenika. S obzirom na književno, religiozno, glazbeno, dakle općenito kulturno bogatstvo naše zemlje, pa i regije, to ne bi smjelo predstavljati nikakav problem.
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Znaĉaj nauke za ĉovjeka i ljudsko društvo vrlo je velik. Nauka je naĉin spoznaje svijeta. A svijet u kojem mi ţivimo je veoma ovisan o nauci i tehnologiji. Da bismo bolje navigirali ovim svijetom, potrebno je da znamo ponešto o osnovnim nauĉnim fenomenima – kako stvari rade, kako se nešto dešava i kako funkcionira naš organizam. Zato ulaganje u nauku i obrazovanje, a samim tim i u ljudske resurse, donosi veliku korist za pojedince i društvo u cjelini. Pojedinci i društvene grupe zauzimaju odreĊeno mjesto u društvu na osnovu znanja kojim raspolaţu. Ono unapreĊuje sve oblasti ĉovjekovog ţivota i djelovanja. Društvo i nauka su ĉvrsto vezani i nalaze se u meĊusobnom odnosu. Društvo je stvaralo uslove i davalo društveni ambijent u kome se nauka mogla razvijati. S druge strane, nauka je omogućavala brţi razvoj pojedinih društvenih oblasti i cijelog društva. Povoljni društveni uslovi uticali su na nastanak brojnih izuma, patenata, tehniĉkih rješenja i modernizacija. Razvoj informatike dodatno je ubrzao razvoj i povezivanje preduzeća, multinacionalnih kompanija, drţava regija i svijeta. Povećana je razmjena ljudi, dobara, proizvoda i usluga. Ĉetvrta industrijska revolucija otvorila je neslućene mogućnosti razvoja i dalje promjene društva, društvenih odnosa. Sve ove promjene utiĉu pozitivno i na razvoj cjelokupnog društva, ali i demokratije i ljudskih prava. Sve ovo govori o jednoj simbiozi koja je rezultirala da nauka i društvo postanu jedna savremena forma ljudskog ţivora i razvoja civilizacije u XXI vijeku. Zbornik radova pod naslovom „SAVREMENA SIMBIOZA - NAUKA I DRUŠTVO“ je publikacija nauĉnih radova u okviru nauĉnog skupa „Nauka i društvo“. Ova publikacija predstavlja nauĉne i struĉne radove već dokazanih nauĉnih radnika i istraţivaĉa, ali i onih koji su na poĉetku svog nauĉnog rada. U Zborniku su objavljeni radovi nauĉnih radnika iz Bosne i Hercegovine i Republike Srbije, koji su u skladu sa njihovim nauĉnim iskustvom, uz dobronamjerne recenzije, usklaĊeni i adekvatno kategorisani. S obzirom na multidisciplinarnost teme zbornik obuhvata radove iz raznih nauĉnih disciplina kao što su: ekonomija, pravo, bezbjednost, defektologija, politiĉke nauke, sociologija i pedagogija. Radovi su aktuelni i obraĊuju savremena društvena pitanja i probleme, ali i teorijska i praktiĉna dostignuća pojedinih nauĉnih disciplina. Na takav naĉin dajemo podsticaja svim mladim ljudima da kroz svoj nauĉni rad daju doprinos u rješavanju brojnih društvenih problema. Upravo i prilikom izbora tekstova ureĊivaĉki odbor je ţelio da takvi radovi budu prioritetni u ovom zborniku, te je i sam naziv istog proistekao iz te ideje i potrebe. Nauĉni radnici, posebno oni koji su na poĉetku svoje akademske karijere, trebaju podršku kako bi istrajali u svom usavršavanju i nauĉnom dokazivanju. Ovaj Zbornik, kao i sam nauĉni skup, nastao je iz entuzijazma nekolicine profesora okupljenih oko Centra modernih znanja, da kroz ovakav vid nauĉnog rada otvore vrata nauke svim mladim nauĉnim radnicima i istraţivaĉima kako bi i njihova empirijska istraţivanja i dobijeni rezultati bili prezentovani široj javnosti. TakoĊe, dosadašnja saradnja sa kolegama iz Beograda i Nikšića rezultirala je da izdavaĉi ovog zbornika budu tri udruţenja iz regiona koja već duţi vremenski period saraĊuju organizujući razne edukacije. Brojni radovi otvaraju razne dileme i ostavljaju mjesta diskusiji kako i na koji naĉin nastaviti i razvijati razne nauĉne discipline. S tim u vezi ostavljamo vam prostora, da i vi svojim sugestijama i razmišljanjima, zajedno sa autorima traţite efikasnija rješenja i mogućnosti. Ovaj Zbornik nije konaĉan, jer nauka svaki dan traga za neĉim novim pa tako i autori i ureĊivaĉki tim ove publikacije.
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The essence of this work is dedicated to the Elementary School "25. maj" in the village of DelimeĎ in Tutina, and its concrete reason is the already completed hundred years of work and existence of this school. However, wanting to cover the topic as comprehensively as possible, the author gave the topic itself a broader context. Namely, in addition to the fact that the concrete course of time and the existence of the school itself through space and time, from its foundation to the present day, is dealt with, the paper pays additional attention to the historical context that preceded the school's creation, as well as demographic trends, geographical environment, and living conditions. , peaceful and troubled times, and socio-political events and happenings in the last three centuries. In the paper, the main emphasis is placed on the elementary school in DelimeĎ and the centenary period of its existence. The essence of this work is dedicated to the Elementary School "25. maj" in the village of Delimeđ in Tutina, and its concrete reason is the already completed hundred years of work and existence of this school. However, wanting to cover the topic as comprehensively as possible, the author gave the topic itself a broader context. Namely, in addition to the fact that the concrete course of time and the existence of the school itself through space and time, from its foundation to the present day, is dealt with, the paper pays additional attention to the historical context that preceded the school's creation, as well as demographic trends, geographical environment, and living conditions. , peaceful and troubled times, and socio-political events and happenings in the last three centuries. In the paper, the main emphasis is placed on the elementary school in Delimeđ and the centenary period of its existence.
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Extracurricular activities are a special type of teaching process, very important for students. Through them, students search for a new way of selfrespect and release of their creative potential. Also, through extracurricular activities, students fill their time constructively and creatively, and in this way they prevent those behaviors that are not acceptable neither in the family, nor in the school, nor in the social community. Extracurricular activities represent other forms of educational work and can be; scientific, social, artistic, technical, humanitarian, cultural, sports and other activities in accordance with spatial and human resources. The goal of this paper is to inform the interested public about the importance of extracurricular activities and their impact on student development, using them as a resource.
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