Извршење казне затвора у Републици Србији - скромни домети и нужност суштинских реформи

Author(s): Vladimir V. Veković / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Execution of sentence in criminal law is a practical way of achieving the overall purpose of prescribing and imposing criminal sanctions and verifying appropriateness of judicial elections, and types of sanctions and measures in each case. The results achieved at the level of executing criminal sanctions significantly affect the overall value of the criminal policy of combating and preventing crime, which is why the penitentiary system attracts more attention in the world and in our country. When it comes to imprisonment - an irreplaceable link in the chain of social reaction to crime in Serbia, it should be noted that its enforcement is burdened with many problems, some of them quite old, others more recent, but what they have in common is that their destructive effects are intensified in the times of economic crisis.Positive regulation in this area is in line with the highest standards established by the international instruments adopted under the auspices of the United Nations and the Council of Europe, but it is much more difficult to apply the solutions in penalty practice. Over the last several years, in cooperation with the OSCE Mission to Serbia, Council of Europe - Office in Belgrade, the European Agency for Reconstruction and the Canadian International Development Agency, there have been significant improvements in the normative, personnel, organizational, material and technical fields, but the achieved results are still not satisfactory. Starting from the strategy adopted by the Government of the Republic of Serbia passed in 2010 the system of criminal sanctions should continuously promote coordinated, well-designed and content-rich activities. Thus, it will be shaped by consistent enforcement system, which means that the execution of criminal sanctions, and therefore the prison sentence, without exceptions applies methods, means and measures set forth by the applicable regulations that are compatible with the relevant international standards in this area. By creating a general climate of respect for human rights, including having more humane attitude towards the inmates and improving their status, the society will contribute to more efficient realization of the purpose of executing the sentence of imprisonment which, despite the introduction of a range of alternative sanction remains unavoidable tool in the fight against crime. Social context in which implementation of reforms is to be intensified is not favorable; nonetheless, the reforms remain necessary prerequisite for successful prevention and combat against crime.

DEFINING COPYWRITING WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF INTEGRATED MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS

Author(s): Yordan Karapenchev / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The theoretical review, conducted for the purpose of examining the copywriting texts and their functioning in media environment, makes it possible to clarify the basic concepts and settings related to copywriting as an activity within IMC. Reviewing the existing definitions and the scientific discussions exposes the fact that most of them attempt to limit the scope of copywriting. Researchers and professionals in the marketing sphere often examine copywriting only in the context of their own work – be it in advertising, public relations, digital media etc.Extrapolating a definition for copywriting necessitates a complex interdisciplinary approach that places the copywriting process in the context of integrated marketing communications(IMC). This paper proposes the following brief definition: Copywriting is a technique for strategic creation of written or oral texts for the purposes of IMC. The copywriting text on the other hand is a text that performs a certain function in these communications.

THE FLOW OF ATTENTION AND THE EMOTIONS IN SOCIAL MEDIA

Author(s): Lumnije Bajrami / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

As a result of the emergence of new media and due to the interplay of techniques,their twisting through photo, audio, and video elements was added to another feature of performance. The element of getting sensations is attracting audiences towards their content and stories. These everyday items are increasing their post count and are attracting many audiences and earn as much value in a virtual space. The Facebook platform currently is the most popular and this performance is deepening and therefore this study will address some main issues related to Facebook and its audiences. How the audience is oriented from online from online portals for information and what features this kind of performance contains? How is this audience measured through the portals and is carefully watched by media managers?This study aims to address this kind of attention-and-back problem of online portals,especially social media such as Facebook.

THE JOURNALIST AND THE POLITICIAN – THE BLURRING OF THE BORDERS BETWEEN TWO PUBLIC ROLES

Author(s): Ilya Valkov / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The interplay between politics and the media is an old and well-known game.History offers a lot of examples of prominent figures who have switched between these two public roles – from a journalist into a politician, and vice versa. The mediatized politics and the politicized media environment give skillful politicians the unique opportunity to exert ever greater control over the media market and the editorial content through the use of institutional levers. In Bulgaria, for example, we see the revival of party media. Along with these processes, a quiet subversion is going on. In addition to journalism being used as a ‘springboard’ to a political career, there has been an increase in the number of politicians who become journalists and take advantage of the decreasing level of public trust the media still enjoy. This article describes and analyzes precisely this blurring of the border between politics and the media, between the politician and the journalist. Of course, the big losers as a result of this subversion are the citizens.

MEDIA STEREOTYPES AS A FORM OF ANTI-COMMUNICATION

Author(s): Zina Sokolova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The global Hack the News Datathon in January 2019 gathered together more than 250 AI and data science academics and professionals from over 50 countries to help develop a tool that can automatically identify propaganda in the news. It focuses on detecting the use of propaganda and specific propagandist techniques. Some of the indicators the program was created on are related to exaggerated allegations and loaded language. Similarities can easily be found between fake news and propaganda and the use of familiar media stereotypes in the contemporary Bulgarian press. Fake news is completely untrue and it soon becomes clear to everyone. Yet, it is hard for people to understand what is true in stereotyped news and what is exaggerated.The key issue is the lack of professional responsibility. Recently, the problem with the fake news and the ‘news’ from the social media is becoming more and more serious – the Guardian journalist Carole Cadwalladr described how Facebook became a platform for lies and illegal behaviour in the Brexit campaign1. The social media possess no professional responsibility for the “news” they create and spread. Today the role of the professional media and journalists is increasing – they should produce objective and balanced articles and analyses. But do they?

THE CASE OF IVANCHEVA AND PETROVA - INSTITUTIONAL PROPAGANDA,CIVIL CRISIS COMMUNICATION AND ETHICAL PUBLIC RELATIONS

Author(s): Petar Kardzbilov / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

As practice of public communication, the case with the mayor of Mladost District of Sofia Municipality Desislava Ivancheva and her deputy mayor Bilyana Petrova is exceptional and emblematic in terms of conducting an information war between institutional propaganda and civil crisis communication. The case concerns the mayor of a metropolitan area and her deputy, who in 2016 were elected with a huge lead over the candidate of the ruling party in Bulgaria with the main promise to stop the huge overbuilding in the area. Mayor Ivancheva kept her promise, revealed numerous frauds in Mladost properties and a year and a half after the election, together with her deputy, she was spectacularly arrested with € 56,000 found on the rear seat of their car. The question of how this money got there is at least highly controversial. The testimonies of the main prosecution witnesses are also very contradictory. The information war for the truth on the part of the public relations practitioner as a crisis communications expert is extremely difficult in a public arena with heavily dependent media environment.

ANTI-FASCIST DISCOURSE AND COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES: CONTEXT OF THE PAST

Author(s): Stefani Šovanec / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The paper shows the research of antifascist discourse and communication strategies used in the texts of the daily newspaper “Dan” which was published in Vojvodina, in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. Dan was the only legal daily newspaper which was published in the Serbian language and it was printed during the six years prior to the Second World War. The year that was selected for analysis was 1938, given the importance of historical events such as Anschluss, the merging of the areas of Sudetenland and Czechoslovakia to Germany, the Crystal Night and other discriminatory acts against the Jews. In analyzing newspaper content we used the quantitative and qualitative method of content analysis. Result interpretation was through the method of critical analysis of media discourse. The research also used a historical method,which is very important if we take into account that this is an interdisciplinary research that must encompass the role of the historical context in communication. Through the analysis of the texts we show which mechanisms of propaganda were used in the antifascist discourse and in what way the promoted values were contrary to those propagated through the regime of dictatorial policies. The results of the research show how the discourse was conditioned by the context of the communication situation and how it was reflected in the chosen communication strategies– the propagation of opposing values, call-to-action strategy, proving of lies and the discovery of (hidden) intentions, evocation of empathy, proclamation of responsible and the strategy of espousing patriotism.

“ME TOO” AND “TIME’S UP” MOVEMENTS: FROM A SINGLE TWEET TO A GLOBAL PHENOMENON

Author(s): Tsvetelina Dzhambazova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

“Me Too” and “Time’s Up” are new feminist movements posing a challenge before existing gender norms and battling sexual harassment and gender inequality at the workplace.The aims of this report are to follow how both movements transformed from social media posts to global initiatives leading to tangible changes in society’s attitude towards sexual harassment and to discuss what separates these two movements from other social media trends. Critical analysis of some of the newest publications on the topic is made in this report.

IMAGE: THE STRATEGIC INSTRUMENT IN THE AGE OF GEOCOMMUNICATION

Author(s): Ivelyna Vatova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Geocommunication is a new term for a completely new holistic human communication behavior standing against the century-old communicative status quo and its values.Changes lead to system transformations of human society and modify intellectual matrix of each single person. Geocommunication model1 is set on three 3 basic communication pillars: a) sociotechnological; b) intercultural; and c) image. It is voicing new interactive, multipersonal, multimodal conversation, enforcing powerful mass-mediated images in global persuasion communication.Personal image, individual or collective, is ingredient of cosmopolitan communicability and transformation of internationality and nationality as perceptions.The idea of two instrumental images - image-perception and image-reception, is developed.The intellectual concept is a theoretical attempt to further construct the notion of personal image, first elaborated by Milko Petrov.

PERSONALIZATION PROPAGANDA IN RUSSIAN TV SHOWS

Author(s): Albert Narbekov / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This article shows how Russian media use personalization to increase pro-Russian influence on every Russian-speaking community. Based on the examples it gives an understanding,why such manner of representing the news can be dangerous as it increases nationalism and xenophobia, making the stereotypes rule over the facts. The long-term objective of my work is to prevent the development of such kind of personalization and to decrease the negative influence upon other countries.

ON THE TRACES OF MEDIATIZAZION OF EMOTIONS: REBUILDING OF RECENT FRAMEWORK

Author(s): Giovanni Boccia Artieri,Gevisa la Rocca / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The aim of this work is to reconstruct the research framework of the mediatization of emotions. For these purposes, we have decided to analyze articles written from 2015to 2019, and which contain two words in the keywords: emotions and media. The Two research questions drive the analysis: [RQ1] How are communication scholars dealing with mediatization of emotions? [RQ2] Based on the studies produced what is the mediatization of emotions? Iramuteq software was used to analyze the texts, and it allowed the advance of three-dimensional interpretation: 1) emotion and media; 2) research and analysis procedures; 3) expression of emotions of the connected public.Step by step, it was possible to reconstruct present-day emotions-scape. Step by step, it was possible to reconstruct present-day emotions-scape, finding the latent meaning of the mediatizationof emotions and the dark sides of this framework. Those that are the shortcomings, that is what has not yet been studied by scholars.

NEW CHALLENGES TO CONCEPTUALIZING MEDIA ECOLOGY

Author(s): Dobrinka Peicheva,Dilyana Keranova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Media ecology is defined by authors as scientific construction and focus of the dimensions and reflections of the media ecosystem as a whole, as well as its structural elements and sub-elements - journalistic, information, television, etc.The purpose of this article is to review the current challenges and to identify the challenges ahead in conceptualizing media ecology in the new digital environment, as well as to bridge the relevant digital media literacy. It is made in frame of Project KП-06-H25/4, financed by Bulgarian research fund.

DEBATING THE NEW NOTION OF THE MEDIA IN THE BULGARIAN MEDIA ECOSYSTEM

Author(s): Lilia Raycheva / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The transformations in contemporary media ecosystem require a regulatory balance between access to online content services, consumer protection and competitiveness to be achieved. The aim of the proposed paper is to determine the extent of the applicability of the criteria and the standards outlined in the Council of Europe’s Recommendation on a New Notion of the Media (2011) in the contemporary communication environment in Bulgaria. Quantitative and qualitative social surveys were conducted in December 2018/February 2019 among journalism students, media practitioners and media experts in order to answer the main research question to what extent the global challenges of ICTs have impacted the national media ecosystem,which encompasses the interaction of all actors and factors for allowing the media to function and to fulfill their role in society. The results of the surveys outline the basis of discussion and analysis of the media trends in the country in multi-layered aspects.

THE INFLUENCE OF VISUAL INFORMATION

Author(s): Manuela Manliherova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Information today takes many forms and easily accessible. People are suffering information overload in all life spheres, especially when it comes to large texts. That’s why audio books became so popular and a movie based on book is often more popular and more famous than the original story. Videos have become powerful tools for brands. More often than not, we visualize a blog post that contains a few complementary images. Visual content – info graphics, memes,images, videos, graphs – enables you to engage your target audience through more channels.When a visual cue is identified or when an image draws an emotional appeal? The way in which we relate to information depends on how it is designed. The decision is visualization is to see more structures and relations. The conversion of human senses to computer terms is a diagram by Danish Physicist Tor Norretranders. It demonstrates why visualizations are so effective in conveying huge amounts of information in split seconds. Visual Content Can Increase Social Media Presence. Consider Visual First Strategy in sustainable way. The world economy is rapidly becoming an information economy; information is a commodity and can be bought and sold. There is a danger of new classes “information rich” and “information poor”. Information also affects the standard of living. The media themselves are changing their business models and looking for new sources of revenue.

MEDIA ETHICS IN THEORY AND PRACTICE

Author(s): Ivana Lj. Stojanović-Prelević,Tatjana Ðukic,Milan Dojčinović / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Ethical problems are too common in contemporary society. Media is just one of the fields where ethics needs to be reconsidered. The authors present ethical models for making ethical decisions. Some of them belong to traditional theories as Aristotelian Golden Rule or Utilitarianism but some of them are new, such as integrated model for decision making. Some theorists in the field of business ethics show that personal ethics is the most important for ethical behavior. This shows that ethical education and morality play the main role in applied ethics, too.In this paper, we present the results of two interviews. The first one is made with the students of journalism on Faculty of Philosophy in Serbia, Niš and the second is made with media workers in six on-line medias in Niš.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR COMMUNICATION MANAGEMENT

Author(s): Kalin Kalinov,Bogomil Kalinov / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Managing the communications of an organization in the 21st century is much more demanding than it used to be a few decades ago. The constant information flow and the inability to control public discussions result in a necessity for dialogic and constant connection with key publics and stakeholders. The traditional division of communication practices into categories like PR, marketing, advertising, etc. is no longer fully applicable as contemporary consumers expect a consistent messaging via a multitude of channels.The article will focus on two key characteristics of communication management: the information flow and the experience that accompanies it. To put it simply, contemporary communication management is content and context, which corresponds to the already established theory of Marshall McLuhan that the media is the message but in the light of the prompt developments in the communication field at the dawn of the 21st century. The presented article focuses on a systematic literature review and attempts to construct a solid foundation for further research into the field of communication management, providing a conceptual framework for the phenomenon and its contemporary practice.

SHAPING THE FUTURE OF JOURNALISM EDUCATION

Author(s): Teodora Petrova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Journalism education has been a topic of discussions between academics, educational experts, and journalists and off course general public. Beyond controversial opinions in the past weather university education in Journalism is better or university level in other field and then practical training in Journalism is a better way for a carrier, education and training in journalism has always existed.The present paper is an attempt to analyze historical background and outline some of the Educational policies in Journalism education.

NATO W ROKU JUBILEUSZU: KŁÓTNIA W RODZINIE CZY ŚMIERĆ KLINICZNA?

Author(s): Marek Madej / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article discusses the functioning of NATO in 2019. It focuses on the internal tensionsin the organization due to growing divisions among the allies, particularly over burden--sharing and insuffi cient consultations between members; it also assesses their impacton NATO celebration of its 70th anniversary. It discusses in detail the positionsof the most vocal participants of intra-alliance debates: US, France, and Turkey.The article analyzes NATO’s internal military transformation and the strengtheningof its resilience, and deterrence and defence capabilities. It also discusses the operationalactivities of the Alliance, in particular in Afghanistan and Iraq. Finally, it presentsthe evolution of its relations with external partners in 2019, focusing on relations withRussia in the context of the expiration of the INF Treaty. It ends with an assessmentof future perspectives of cooperation between the allies.

GLOBALNE ZARZĄDZANIE GOSPODARCZE W DOBIE NIERÓWNOŚCI I NIEPEWNOŚCI

Author(s): Karina Jędrzejowska,Karina Jędrzejowska,Anna Wróbel / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article presents the changes that took place in the global economy in 2019, withparticular focus on inequality and uncertainty. The starting point for the authors’considerations is the weakening of the growth rate in the global economy, combinedwith multidimensional inequalities and a defi cit of inclusiveness in global economicgovernance. Consecutive sections of the article provide an overview of selectedeconomic indicators and an analysis of inequalities and selected developments thattook place last year in major dimensions of global economic governance: trade,fi nance, and sustainable development and inclusive growth. The functioning of eachof these dimensions is aff ected by growing multidimensional inequalities, uncertainty,and a global economic slowdown. In the case of the multilateral trading system,the increasing dysfunctionality of the World Trade Organization poses a signifi cantrisk. In the context of further evolution of the global fi nancial system, the authorsemphasize progress in the coordination of global fi nancial governance mechanismsand highlight initiatives enhancing cooperation for sustainable development.

Literature. List of figures. List of tables

Author(s): / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0