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Проблеми на употребата на ренаратива и перфекта за констатация в пресата и онлайн журналистиката

Author(s): Ruslana Margova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

everal issues related to the category of evidentiality in the Bulgarian language are raised in the article. On the one hand, the article deals with renarrative in journalistic headlines, regardless of whether journalists use it intentionally and whether the use of renarrative is a real renarrative or is the homonym past indefinite form - perfect for constatation, in indicative. As for the different uses of this grammatical homonymy, the question is whether a clear semantic distinction can be made between these two cases. On the other hand, when the renarrative is deliberately used by journalists, it serves as an alibi for the news author to distance himself from the unreliable, incorrect content of the information, but at the same time to share that information. As a consequence of this assumption for use of renarrative as an alibi, the renarrative can be seen as one of the linguistic markers of fake news.

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Семантические и синтаксические свойства предикативов ощущения (сензитивов)

Author(s): Galina Ivanovna Kustova / Language(s): Russian Publication Year: 0

The paper considers constructions «sensation predicative + infinitive» and «emotion predicative + infinitive». The infinitives of the movement, position and some others are typical for sensation predicative: Kholodno stoyat’ / ekhat’ ‘It’s cold to stand / to drive’; Temno idti / chitat’ ‘It’s dark to go / to read’. Such an infinitive occupies an intermediate position between a valency and an adjunct. In the infinitive construction, sensitives undergo a semantic shift: they are shifted to the zone of emotional evaluations (Mne dushno ezdit’ letom v metro ‘It’s stuffy for me to ride the subway in the summer’) or to the zone of modal predicates (Uzhe temno chitat’ ‘It’s dark to read’).

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Конструкции за психически преживявания с дателна клитика в българския език

Author(s): Maxim Stamenov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The paper will present an overview of the constructions with dative clitics for mental experiences in the Bulgarian language. Their specificity is that they include in their syntactic and semantic structure the so-called ‘dative subject’, which may be expressed by a dative clitic or a dative noun group. This construction possesses several specific features on a morphological, syntactic and semantic basis that will be taken into account and discussed.

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Причастные формы как депиктивы: болгарско-русские параллели

Author(s): Elena Yu. Ivanova / Language(s): Russian Publication Year: 0

The present article explores constructions with depictives (in conventional terms, predicative attributes), which constitute one of the forms representing the secondary predication. Participles in the depictive function are the most appropriate morphological means of expression of the current state of the subject at the moment of performing a certain action. The article shows, on the basis of the parallel Bulgarian-Russian corpus, that while participles can function as depictives in the both languages, they differ in their depictive potential.

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Адюнкти към глаголи за емоционални състояния

Author(s): Yovka Tisheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The main goal of this paper is to discuss the realization of manner and quantity and degree adverbs as adjuncts to emotional predicates. The object of observation is the realization of sentences with Bulgarian verbs obicham (to love), obozhavam (to adore), mrazya (to hate) and nenavizhdam (to loathe). The use of adverbs modifying the intensity or degree of emotional state manifestation is commented. Observations are also made on the word order of intensifying adverbs in adjunct position, and on the possibility for verbal degree gradation.

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Дателно допълнение или предложна фраза при предикативите в руския и в българския език – конкуренция и специфики

Author(s): Alexander Letuchiy,Marina Dzhonova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The paper represents a comparative study of the cases in which in Bulgarian and Russian there is a competition between the dative and the prepositional complement with the preposition для/за 'for' in stative predicative constructions. The relation between the type of complement and the choice of complement clause is considered. Based on empirical data from both languages, general tendencies as well as language-specific features such as control rules in Russian or cases of raising an argument from the subordinate clause are outlined.

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Съпоставителен анализ на глаголите виждам – видя и видеть – увидеть и комплементите им в български и руски език

Author(s): Hristina Kukova,Maria Ovsjannikova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The paper presents part of a contrastive study on stative predicates. The observations are focused on the verbs виждам – видя and видеть – увидеть and their clausal complements’ realisation in Bulgarian and Russian. The research aims at demonstrating the correlation of the conjunctions че, да, как and respectively что, чтобы, как in the two languages.

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Опит за класификация на предикативи за състояние

Author(s): Valentina Stefanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The article is aimed at classifying the state predicatives and describing the semantic classes, subtypes and characteristic features. The classification is made on the basis of analyzes of predicative constructions. The meanings and realization of the individual impersonal predicative constructions with a component ending in -о/- е with obligatory or optional use of clitics are observed, the different constructions are noted, also selective or contextual restrictions.

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Тематическая группа „Любовь. Дружба“: болгарские соответствия восточнославянских паремиологических лингвокультурем

Author(s): Marina Kotova / Language(s): Russian Publication Year: 0

This article examines the Bulgarian proverbial correspondences of current East Slavonic proverbs of the thematic group “Love. Friendship” from the project of the Electronic Dictionary of active East Slavonic Proverbs. The main method for identifying actual paremiological parallels in three languages to Russian proverbs is a paremiological sociolinguistic experiment. The conclusions relate to the specifics of the selection of Bulgarian correspondences to Russian proverbial linguoculturemes against the background of Belarusian and Ukrainian proverbial parallels.

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Митолингвистично изследване върху названия на дъгата с мотивационни модели ‘атрибут на бога’ и ‘символ на плодородието’ в българския език

Author(s): Borislav Popov,Robertino Stoilov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The present mytholinguitsic exploration analyses two groups of dialectal names of the rainbow in the Bulgarian language in the context of the associated mytho-religious beliefs, ritualistic practices and rational perceptions and applies the mytholinguistic method with its two models. The mytholinguistic analysis of the internal form of the word instrumental in revealing the mytholinguistic structure offers an opportunity to reconstruct specific mythological beliefs and to determine the semantic motivation in the linguistic nomination of the names of the rainbow subject to inquiry. The reason behind the formation of each name as a result of secondary nomination is revealed to the effect of establishing whether its internal form is a projection of the mythological and religious outlook and ritualistic practices of the ethnos or it is a reflection of rational perceptions.

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Митология, рекатегоризация и сетивни възприятия в структурирането на абстрактни понятия

Author(s): Milena Levunlieva / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The research revisits the principles of linguistic categorization established by Dixon (1982) and interpreted and elaborated upon by Lakoff (1987). It unravels a mutually defining relation of interdependence between the myth-and-belief principle, the important property principle and the experiential domain principle. An argument is offered of their hierarchical relations manifested in their functioning in the process of metaphorical (and metonymic) recategorization.

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Към въпроса за концепцията на някои основни деривационни понятия

Author(s): Maria Byaldimova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This article is a brief overview of important theoretical conception related to the definition and concept of some basic terms in the research field of Bulgarian word-formation. Based on research dedicated to derivation questions, we made a detailed analysis of basic working concepts in word-formation. Standing by the traditional conceptions of Bulgarian studies regarding these terms, we made an attempt to present the character of the commented units in a more generalized form.

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Семантико-синтаксический анализ болгарских, польских и русских глаголов

Author(s): Julia Mazurkiewicz-Sułkowska / Language(s): Russian Publication Year: 0

This article presents the results of an extensive study entitled “Syntactic properties of verbs as a basis for their integrated lexicographic analysis (in the Polish-Bulgarian-Russian comparative perspective)”. Three Slavic languages were examined for verbs of the mental and emotional types. Besides illustrating mutual influence between the semantic plane and the syntactic plane of sentences, containing verbs belonging to the mental and emotive classes, the core of which are the verbs of the analyzed classes, the main assumptions of two dictionaries containing semantic and syntactic characteristics of verbs are also presented.

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Функции на старобългарското местоимение тъ в глаголна група и съответствията му в староанглийски

Author(s): Antoaneta Dzhelyova,Maria Anastasova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The current paper examines the deictic and anaphoric usages of the Old Bulgarian demonstrative pronoun тъ in independent usage in the oblique cases. A logico-semantic model is applied in the analysis of the pronoun’s reference. It is complemented by the introduction of grammatical criteria for each linguistic level. The corpus under consideration has been excerpted from Gospel texts in Old Bulgarian, Greek, Latin and Old English and it present semantically accurate word-for-word translations. Three major occurrences of the Old Bulgarian demonstrative pronoun тъ in verbal phrases can be distinguished: stable deictic usage, unstable deictic usage and anaphoricpersonal usage.

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Концептът разум / Vernunft в немския и българския език

Author(s): Hristina Vihrogonova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The present article is focused on the analysis of the results exhibited in Questionnaire Survey entitled „Metaphorical Thinking in Language“. The basic aim is to make comparison of the term REASON/VERNUNFT, and how it is perceived and presented in both German and Bulgarian. Data of the Survey are graphically presented. The Survey has comparative character and, as we may say, is done in the spirit of Cognitive Linguistics. As mutual base of comparison serves “Conceptual metaphor“, described in the book „Metaphors we Live by“, written by George Leikoff and Mark Johnson. In the process of linguistic description concerning the discussed Concept, many similarities are established, which is explained by its universality. The Concept itself as well, has similar metaphorical perception typical for the two languages, which is deeply rooted in their linguistic consciousness. The similarities are established with the help of Conceptual Metaphors, that play the role of universal instrument of human thinking as far as abstract linguistic essences are concerned.

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Семантические модели обозначения времени в болгарских и восточнославянских говорах

Author(s): Mikhail Kondratenko / Language(s): Russian Publication Year: 0

The article examines the peculiarities of the designation of time periods in some Bulgarian and East Slavic dialects, mainly from the point of view of the specifics of dialect segmentation of this semantic sphere and the principles of nomination. The lexical material allows us to identify individual semantic models and shifts observed in time designations: the transfer of spatial parameters for the nomination of temporal characteristics; orientation in the names of months to phenological and economic cycles; the nomination of morning as the appearance of daylight. Taking into account the linguogeographic aspect, namely, a fairly wide distribution in the linguistic territory of Slavia, as well as beyond its borders, it is possible to assume the status of these models as semantic archetypes.

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Зимняя обрядовая терминология и символика в славянских языках: сравнительный аспект

Author(s): Olena Voytseva,Svitlana Georgiieva / Language(s): Russian Publication Year: 0

Folk terminology is an expression of the national specificity of cultures and in this sense its study is promising within the framework of the emerging trends of European thinking of the early XXI century. In this article an attempt is made to study the taxonomic group of chrononyms from the side of their formal structure and genesis. Chrononyms unite in themselves the properties of onomastic and appellative lexis: as a rule, it is not a conditional „name“, but a denomination closely connected with the denotation and designe. The topic receives a complex linguistic-cultural interpretation from the point of view of modern scientific thought about the complex phenomenon of language - culture.

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Концептуална структура на предикати за състояние върху материал на български и руски

Author(s): Svetlozara Leseva,Ivelina Stoyanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The paper presents our observations on two major groups of stative predicates – Permanent Properties and Relations and True Statives, as well as their corresponding classes. After an overview of the main theoretical works focusing on stative predicates, we turn to their representation in two lexical-semantic resources – WordNet and FrameNet. We analyse the specific features of the conceptual description using FrameNet frames and demonstrate the research principles through the analysis of predicates for intent, will and desire. The analysis employs data from WordNet synsets and their corresponding equivalents in Bulgarian and Russian, while the examples are extracted from a parallel Polish-Bulgarian-Russian corpus.

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ZU WELCHEM TABU SCHWEIGEN SIE GERADE IM MEHRSPRACHIGEN KLASSENZIMMER?

Author(s): Oxana Chira / Language(s): German Publication Year: 0

The traditional taboos of mankind are the taboos of the sacred and of the impure. The issues of language impoliteness, verbal aggression and taboo violence have only recently come under a more intensive scientific scrutiny. The paper offers some possibilities for successfully avoiding of taboo words, wherefore it can also be a contribution for a better understanding of taboos in our own, as well as in other cultures and languages. However, the existence of differences between the languages was not sufficient to predict target-deviant behaviour. The question whether language dominance determines cross-linguistic influence has been discussed controversially in studies on simultaneously bilingual students. Flouting taboos entails direct or indirect, social or cultural sanctions.

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АНГЛИЙСКИЕ ПОСЛОВИЦЫ И ПОГОВОРКИ О ПРИНЦИПАХ ОБУЧЕНИЯ

Author(s): Oleksandr Kovalenko / Language(s): Russian Publication Year: 0

The article deals with the application of English proverbs and sayings for effective teaching of English Methodology. The author suggests applying them for mastering the principles of teaching in general as well as teaching English language in particular since proverbs describe the millennium-long experience of people, reflect valuable pedagogical ideas. The main focus of the author is to consider a large number of English and Ukrainian proverbs, to select the ones that concern pedagogical approaches to teaching, and to group them according to the principle mentioned. The examples also include some Ukrainian and Russian proverbs as well as English quotation when it is appropriate. Following the classification of principles developed by A.N. Shchukin, one to twelve examples are selected to exemplify each principle. The principles of teaching are of four groups: didactic (10 principles), psychological (4 principles), methodological (5 principles) and linguistic ones (3 principles). In the course of the study we came to the following conclusions: there is a large number of proverbs on pedagogical and methodological principles, the use of proverbs leads to the development of abstract and associative thinking of would-be teachers. The author claims that proverbs should be widely used in lecturing and suggests a range of tasks for students: using a proverbs give some advice to a pupil, pupil’s parents or a colleague, explain a proverb, share your school experience using a proverb, express you agreement or disagreement with a proverb, choose a proverb with a different meaning, find Ukrainian or Russian equivalents for an English proverb, discuss the relevancy of a proverb to modern conditions, match a proverb to a principal it describes.

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