Miesto nákupu v trhovej orientácii podnikov v Slovenskej republike

Author(s): Pavol Kita,Pavol Konštiak,Jaroslav Kita / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 04/2008

The concept of market orientation is a modernized form of orientation of an enterprise at the customer which each enterprise should be aware of. It represents a transversal concept with regard to the fact that it is connected with marketing, strategy, organisation, human resources management and culture of an enterprise. In the sphere of purchase it makes enterprises increase their endeavour to carry out the changes in their relationships with suppliers as well as change internal processes with the aim of increasing the competitiveness of an enterprise. The access of this article is characterized by two levels, a theoretical level, which presents a synthesis of contemporary scientific knowledge on this specific problem and an operational level which is presented by the results of a research illustrating and explaining the concept of market orientation in the sphere of purchase of industrial enterprises.

Czech and Slovak Lessons for Public Administration Performance Evaluation, Management and Finance

Author(s): Markéta Šumpíková,Juraj Nemec,František Ochrana / Language(s): English Issue: 04/2008

The paper examines theoretical and practical issues connected with performance evaluation, performance management and performance financing in public administration, using cases from the Czech Republic and Slovakia to draw con-clusions, focusing on the specific environment of transitional societies. The cases examined are the civil service performance evaluation, performance manage-ment in the public administration offices and performance financing of universi-ties. All selected cases show that the potential of performance evaluation, per-formance management and performance financing is significantly limited by concrete ways of their implementation and also because of specific environment of developing democracies. Because of this fact we propose to focus more on the benchmarking, which should serve as more effective tool for given environment.

AR EUROPOS SĄJUNGOS BIUDŽETO POKYČIAI ATITINKA FISKALINIO FEDERALIZMO PRINCIPUS – LYGINAMOJI 2007–2014 METŲ BIUDŽETŲ ANALIZĖ

Author(s): Eglė Čeponytė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 1 (77)/2015

The fiscal federalism theory was developed to explain budget formation in independent states. At present, this theory is often applied to supranational institutions like the European Union (hereinafter EU), without paying enough attention to the unique characteristics of this level of analysis. This article identifies which assumptions of the classical fiscal federalism theory cannot be applied to the supranational level. After modifying these assumptions and adding the public choice theory and political economy insights, the fiscal federalism theory is applied to describe the EU budget. This paper answers the question of whether changes in the EU budget of 2014 were in line with the normative principles of the fiscal federalism. It was found that changes in the EU budget fwere not systematic: while we can see the progress in the implementation of the principles of fiscal federalism in some policy fields, regression and the lack of positive changes are observed in others. Recommendations to the policy makers how the EU budget could be improved are presented in the conclusions. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the policy fields from two multiannual financial frameworks (2007–2013 and 2014–2020 years). It assesses the evolution of the financing (increase, decrease, no change) and the structure of the seven policy areas. The budget of the fiscal year 2007 is considered as the reference point. Financing the analyzed policy fields makes up 80% of the EU budget. The ECORYS Report (ECORYS Nederland BV, 2008) has already given a comprehensive analysis of the 2007 fiscal year budget in accordance to its compliance with the principles of fiscal federalism. The report also discusses the recommended quantitative changes in future budgets. This article evaluates not only the quantitative but also qualitative changes in the EU budgets throughout the period 2007–2014. The agreement about the new multiannual financial framework had to be made under more unfavorable conditions than the last framework. Negotiations involved more than ever players, players’ preferences were very different, the decisionmaking rules were amended – a new institutional authority was added (European Parliament), Euroscepticism significantly increased, finally, some goals of the Europe 2020 are inconsistent with the fiscal federalism principles. Perhaps because of these circumstances, progress in reforming the EU budget in accordance with the principles of fiscal federalism has not happened. Amongst the seven policy fields, positive changes were recorded in four, negative – in two, more negative than positive – in one policy field. Despite the fact that there were positive developments in the vast majority of policy fields, the financing of these fields makes up only ~38.9% of the EU budget. Meanwhile, funding for the remaining three areas consists of ~40.6% of the EU budget (2014 EU budget -142641 million euros).

Farme ili latifundije

Author(s): Živan Lazić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 522-523/2012

キルギス共和国における急進主義的構造改革と企業行動－制度分析－

Author(s): Ichiro Iwasaki / Language(s): Japanese Issue: 47/2000

During the initial phase of transition towards a market-based economic system after the collapse of the Soviet Union at the end of 1991, the Kyrgyz Republic enjoys a good reputation among several international financial organizations, including the IMF and the World Bank. For instance, this country is recognized to have been at the forefront in implementing stabilization and economic reforms among the FSU countries. However, a comparative analysis of transitional economies conducted by EBRD as of the middle of 1998 clearly shows that the advantageous position of the Kyrgyz Republic in the progress of systemic transformation mostly vanished in comparison with the other former Soviet republics. In particular, the delay in enterprise reform, namely in the sphere of improvement of the corporate governance and restructuring of industrial firms, is one of crucial problems which the Kyrgyz government now faces. It is a fact that the breakup of the centralized socialist economic system of the USSR became an important factor in hindering Kyrgyz industrial firms from overcoming the difficulties in restructuring the management system under the dynamic changes of macroeconomic conditions. But this factor is not sufficient to explain why enterprise reform has been so delayed in this country. Therefore, the article aims to scrutinize the process of structural reform of the Kyrgyz economy from an institutional point of view and to point out essential problems of enterprise behavior which the path of systemic transformation in this country involves.

ロシアにおける銀行の資金運用状況（1992年～1998年初め) －所在地別、設立母体別、規模別視点から－

Author(s): Shigeki Ono / Language(s): Japanese Issue: 47/2000

In former studies about Russian banks, analysis from a comprehensive viewpoint has been almost completely ignored. In order to clarify the characteristics of Russian banking activities, an analysis from the viewpoints of bank location, foundation and scale is indispensable. Russian banks have shown some distinguishing characteristics in their activities when viewed by these classifications. To analyze this situation, we have classified Russian banks in this article by their location, foundation and scale. To do this we used the lists of large Russian banks that were periodically published in “Ekonomika i zhizn’” (data as of July 1994, January 1995, January 1996 and January 1997; the list has not been published since 1998) and “Finansovye izvestiia” (data as of January 1996, January 1997 and January 1998). The situation after 1998 was not analyzed because of the lack of information.

TEOREMA O KVAZI-MONOTONIM FOURIER-OVIM KOEFICIENTIMA FUNKCIJE IZ L(p,a) KLASE

Author(s): Ismet Temaj / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 08/2009

U ovom radu dokazano je teorema 4, koja je data u ([4]) ali modificirana na drugi način , za slučaj kada su koeficienti kvazi-monotoni i odgovarajuća funkcija pripada klasi L(p,a).

PRIJEDLOG RJEŠAVANJA PROBLEMA PRIRODNOG MONOPOLA U VODOSNABDIJEVANJU

Author(s): Suad Bećirović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 08/2009

Ovaj rad tretira problem prirodnog monopola koji postoji kod vodosnabdijevanja. U XX stoljeću, ovaj problem se rješavao putem državnog vlasništva vodovodne mreže. Međutim, krajem XX stoljeća, veći broj razvijenih zemalja, kao i zemlje u razvoju, počele su da privatizuju svoju vodovodnu mrežu, koja je time prešla u privatno vlasništvo. Ali, u cilju sprečavanja zloupotrebe monopolne moći od strane privatnih vlasnika, države su istovremeno uveli regulaciju novoformiranim preduzećima za vodosnabdijevanje. Koristeći iskustvo jednog i drugog vida vlasništva, autor želi u ovom radu dati jedan alternativan prijedlog za vlasništvo vodovodne mreže.

Benchmarking personalny narzędziem doskonalenia się nauczyciela akademickiego

Author(s): Joanna Ejdys / Language(s): Polish Issue: 151/2011

In the paper set of attributes of university teacher which decided about its excel¬lence were presented. Results of own research conducted among Bialystok Technical Univer¬sity students and review of survey used in teacher’s assessment process determined list of at¬tributes of university teacher. Attributes of university teacher divided into eight groups, were used to define benchmarking process as a tool of continual improvement of university teacher. Four stages of benchmarking process were discussed in paper. Author pointed more attention to data analyse. Check list as a self-evaluation tool was proposed.

Orientacja na klienta i dobre praktyki w kształtowaniu relacji na rynku pracy

Author(s): Tomasz Taraszkiewicz,Dariusz Kuczyński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 151/2011

The unemployed as well as jobseekers are a very demanding group of customers. Their structure is characterized by high dynamics of changes, on one hand dictated by the circumstances of political system’s transformation, and on the other by current labour mar¬ket’s situation and the implications of the 2007-2009 global financial crisis. Expectations grow and preferences evolve, due to the progress and development of civilization. Undoubtedly, many valuable initiatives are taken up by The County’s Labour Office in Gdansk. Innovative projects are launched and new undertakings are carried out. The idea of customer orientation is inscribed into the daily work of the office. Well-considered solutions used to shape the relations in the labour market over time become a good practice, setting an example for other offices to follow.

Rola znakowania i certyfikacji systemów jakości w procesie spełnienia wymagań klienta na przykładzie branży hotelarskiej

Author(s): Marek Jarzębiński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 151/2011

The objective of the article is the presentation of the role of labelling and certifica¬tion systems in the process of meeting the quality requirements of external customers (hotel guests). The scope of research covers the following elements: standardised and non-standard¬ised quality management systems implemented in hotel industry enterprises as well as label¬ling and certification systems used by European and Polish tourist industry organisations. The author proves that contemporary labelling and certification systems determine and confirm not only the level of the quality of provided services but also the quality of service provision processes as well as the quality of system management. The article shows that labelling and certification systems support the process of evaluating the functioning of a quality system. Such systems define a scope of quality requirements whose fulfilment is expected by the cus¬tomer. They confirm a degree of requirement fulfilment at various advancement levels of quality systems.

Ocena satysfakcji pacjenta w kontekście jakości opieki zdrowotnej

Author(s): Joanna A. Jończyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 151/2011

The main objective of this paper is to identify the satisfaction of patients, who are clients of one the public health care facilities in the Podlaskie in the context of perceived qual¬ity of service. Overall assessment of quality of service by the respondents is positive. Prefer¬ably, the housing conditions are assessed in the hospital, such as equipment design aesthetics patient rooms, state of sanitation and their availability, cleanliness and hygiene on hospital wards and the number of beds in relation to the surface of these rooms and their equipment. A positive assessment of the relationship with doctor and nurse was noted. The negative as-sessment focused mainly on the status and availability of diagnostic equipment and patient rights such as right to information on health status, access to documentation, free choice of doctor.

Badanie satysfakcji klientów przez urzędy administracji samorządowej

Author(s): Piotr Rogala / Language(s): Polish Issue: 151/2011

The aim of the article was to verify the extent to which local governments have introduced and implemented the tools of customer satisfaction assessment. The main source of information for the subject were the self assessment reports prepared according to the CAF method. The research included 23 organizations. It found out that the local governments insufficiently implemented and used customer satisfaction assessment solutions. They rarely do any research into this area or it is performed improperly. Moreover, the offices that make such studies do not use their outcomes properly.

Wybór klientów metodą AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) na przykładzie przedsiębiorstwa z branży spożywczej

Author(s): Paweł Skowron / Language(s): Polish Issue: 151/2011

Author of this article presented ways of take cooperation with a customer or group of customers. The collaboration with a customer is burden of the risk of the loss of liquidity, the need of hold of reserve raw, products and packet, or suffer costs of transport. The choice of the best customer, which will be capable to create value, must be taken consciously through the persons which take up of building of relationship with customers on the basis of impartial criterions. This assessment gives a better bring into line with requirements of customer and benchmark alike customer. The showed in this paper statistic method – AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Processes) is a proposal building and assessment of cooperation with customer.

Oczekiwania i zadowolenie klienta jako wyznaczniki kierunków doskonalenia znormalizowanych systemów zarządzania

Author(s): Tomasz Brzozowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 151/2011

There is very important to focus attention on customers expectations on the way of management systems improvement. It is especially important meter for service companies which stay in direct relation with their clients. On the basis of IT enterprise author introduces a systems mechanism concerning the customer relationship improvement, which use survey research, CRM system and employees engagement.

Pomiar i ocena jakości usług z zastosowaniem liczb rozmytych – aspekty metodologiczne i przykłady zastosowań

Author(s): Bartłomiej Jefmański / Language(s): Polish Issue: 151/2011

The paper presents a new approach with an application of fuzzy set theory ele¬ments in a service quality measurement. Graphical presentations and membership functions of fuzzy numbers which are the most often applied in service quality surveys were indicated. The paper presents also a short review of selected world surveys in service quality research with applications of fuzzy numbers. Examples of basic arithmetic operations on fuzzy num¬bers are included.

Społeczna odpowiedzialność małego przedsiębiorstwa – w kierunku uczciwego traktowania klienta

Author(s): Agnieszka Sokołowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 151/2011

The article concentrates on presentation of customer as subject of small enterprise social responsibility in relation to realization of stakeholders theory and specific of small en¬terprise activity. Author presents considerations about responsibility and honesty as basis so¬cial responsibility conception and fundamental purposes, expectations and worth carrier for customers, also social responsibility activity of small enterprise, witch basis is honesty cos¬tumer treatment. Considerations are theoretical and empirical.

Wykorzystanie metod badań satysfakcji klientów banku

Author(s): Elżbieta Aleksandra Studzińska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 151/2011

The following paper studies the topic of the most important methods of examining customer satisfaction in the banking sector. It discusses the measurement process as well as the level of client satisfaction. The study indicates that customer satisfaction is one of the most vital determinants which form customer loyalty towards the bank. The client is the source of knowledge about the banking products and the quality of service provided by the bank. Fur¬thermore it shows the occurring changes in how the banks are run which of course influence the existing client-bank relationship. The customer now has the opportunity to take advantage of a variety of banking offers provided by different banks, and because of that he ceased to be a regular customer associated with only one bank. This means that nowadays banks have to adjust to the growing customer demands by increasing client satisfaction. A large emphasis has been put on the measurement process and the level of customer satisfaction.

Klient w modelach oceny opiniodawczej

Author(s): Janusz Zymonik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 151/2011

The paper characterises two types of assessment: conformity assessment and evaluative assessment. The evaluative assessment has been systematized, specifying its most important models, which in the form of various contests and promotional programmes have been employed in Poland over the last two decades. Seven examples of evaluative assessment models concerning products and management systems have been discussed in more detail. Differences between the regulations for such models have been identified with regard to the customer approach and the manner of gathering customer opinions on the object being as¬sessed.

Możliwości wykorzystania modeli doskonałości w systemach zarządzania jakością wyższych uczelni

Author(s): Piotr Grudowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 151/2011

The paper presents the concept of the development model of quality management system for higher education institutions, considering specific conditions existing in these or¬ganizations and their social and legal environment. The opportunities of the application of the CAF (Common Assessment Framework) model as a university quality management system improvement tool are emphasized.