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W piekle heteroseksualizmu. O męskiej przyjaźni w powieści Zbigniewa Grabowskiego "Ciszy lasu i twojej ciszy"

Author(s): Tomasz Kaliściak / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article deals with the problem of a male friendship which in a debut novel by Zbigniew Grabowski "Ciszy lasu i twojej ciszy" (1931) was presented under the label of the love of souls deprived of a bodily element. Love between the novel characters the author analyses in a perspective of “amosexuality” (J. Kristeva) has a homo-social nature and is deprived of a bodily aspect, is perceived by both friends as more valuable than love to women and, paradoxically, homosexuality. Male friendship, understood in such a way, illustrates contradictions deriving from the crisis of a definition of homo and heterosexuality that appeared at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries as a result of the emergence of a discourse on sexuality.

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Jedwabna czerwień. Kolor i materiał w powieści "W czerwieni" Magdaleny Tulli

Author(s): Kamila Dzika-Jurek / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article presents an attempt to reinterpret "W czerwieni", a novel by Magdalena Tulli in the context of an autobiographic work of the writer, namely "Włoskie szpilki". Such an intertext allows for reading the novel in question as a record of The Holocaust experiences. The majority of researchers have qualified Tulli’s prose as the so called post‑modernist literature about nothing while incomprehensive motives in novels written by a Warsaw writer have been defined as “a writing extravagance”. The author of the very text, on the contrary, makes a belief about “the readability” of this prose a general hypothesis whereas on the example of "W czerwieni" shows referential possibilities of Tulli’s works. Discussing the motives pointing to the meaning of what is material in the world presented in the novel (porcelain, silk), as well as interpreting the meaning of the colours in the work, the author of the article concludes that the structure of the world presented, full of traces, frays and corpse is the way of expressing the Extermination.

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Topografia wstrętu. O "Wspólnym pokoju" Zbigniewa Uniłowskiego

Author(s): Joanna Kisiel / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article is devoted to the analysis of the novel by Zbigniew Uniłowski, from the perspective of the category of disgust, not used in the interpretations of "Wspólny pokój" so far. A typical construction of the space in the novel, tightening from the maze of the city to a mortal bed of the main character, outlines a map of disgust. “A shared room” presented in the title, constitutes here a special place, a polygon of “unwanted closeness” (Menninghaus), expansion of a trivially exposed corporality, blurring the borders of intimacy, and degradation of community bonds. A progressive illness Lucjan Salis suffered from, resulting in the shrinking of his world, begins a real eruption of disgust, a key life experience of a young tubercular, accompanying his reflections on his own fate coming to an end. Thus, disgust is an intensively experienced life disposition of a character, the sources of which underlie traumatic experiences of a childhood, dooming him to a struggle between “a call and rejection” (Kristeva) and desire and aversion. They will strongly influence his attitude to women, marked by a misogynic “state of a tormenting tension” (Gilmore), behind which a strong ambivalent relation with a mother is hidden. Disgust seems as an intensive reaction of the subject in defense of his own independence in a novel.

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„Pół-cmentarna tabliczka”. Wokół "Zawału" Mirona Białoszewskiego

Author(s): Monika Ładoń / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The text concerns one of the basic motives in works by Miron Białoszewski, the motive of illness. The author makes "Zawał" and fragments of journal notes where this cartographic dysfunction found itself in the centre of considerations. An autobiographic nature of Białoszewski’s works allows for interpreting texts, but, at the same time, noticing an important life experience of the author of "Tajny dziennik" in them. The subject of interest here is strategies allowing for familiarizing the process of getting ill and being in a hospital depriving of intimacy. The most important include a unique penetration and meticulousness of the description of a new experience, theatralization of events and a hospital writing as the activity most personal and most private.

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„Istotne rozmowy”: Elsie Rosaline Masson i Bronisław Malinowski

Author(s): Małgorzata Rygielska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article concerns correspondence between Bronisław Malinowski and his first wife, Elsie Rosaline Masson. The letters that initially the acquaintances, later on the engaged and finally spouses wrote to each other for many years, constitute exciting reading for both anthropologists and literary experts. Basing on them, one can make an attempt to not only reconstruct a development of the relationship between two people emotionally and intellectually close to each other, but also find out a lot on the functioning of the environment of ethnologists (especially the English ones) at that time. A separate issue can be short reports and self-reflections by Malinowski concerning the field studies he conducted. A “literary nature” of these letters is as important as their referential layer. Published recently in Polish will certainly become an inspiring material for further research, not necessarily in the “centre” of a contemporary humanistic reflection.

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W poszukiwaniu archetypu nauczyciela. Rozważania w świetle koncepcji Berniego Neville’a

Author(s): Paweł Sporek / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The author, referring to the theory of archetypes associated with variousmythological figures, reflects on the types of teachers and the attitudesthey present as well as their presence in the institutional space of theschool. Presenting the research findings of Bernie Neville, he situatesthem in relation to significant Polish studies in the field of pedagogy andgeneral didactics. The author reveals the mechanisms of the teacher’sinfluence on the student’s development and shows the relationship betweenthe pedagogue’s traits and the ways in which he or she shapesinterpersonal relationships in the workplace.

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Nauczycielskie kompetencje w przededniu 100-lecia sformułowania koncepcji progresywistycznej w edukacji

Author(s): Marek Piotrowski / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article is an attempt to show the competences of the Polish languageteachers in a broader sense, as a dispute between what is practical andsimple and what is complex and difficult. Thus, it is a dispute betweenpragmatism and progressivism. Between the “obvious” top-down reformof education (reducing pedagogy to simplifications similar to superstitions)and the competences of a teacher which allow for reflection andplanned progress.The article is published on the centenary of formulating the progressivistconcept of education by the Association for Advancement of ProgressiveEducation.

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Lęk przed interpretacją

Author(s): Krzysztof Biedrzycki / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Interpretation is a one of the most important competences taught duringclasses of Polish language and literature. This in not only a skillof reading the sense of a literary text but also a way of understandingthe world. Unfortunately, most students fear independent interpretation. Teachers not only do not help them but they confirm them in thisattitude. Teachers themselves feel anxiety about individual reading. Thecauses of the fear of interpretation are described in the article. We haveto overcome this fear in the modern teaching of humanities becauseinterpretation is a competence necessary for independent and creativehuman development.

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Romanticism's Longue Duree

Author(s): Galin Tihanov / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The immediate purpose of this paper is to offer a brief reflection on 1968 as a nodal point in the appropriations and deployments of Romanticism, not least as a diagnostic tool. The article substantiates the case for the continuous after-life of Romanticism in the various guises of post-romanticism, a process which de-emphasizes the notion of period or indeed event, and constructs instead a complex discursive formation that re-negotiates past intellectual agendas and resources by framing them within a discursive longue durée. The article concentrates on the German scene of theory and the student protests during the second half of the 1960s. It traces the mediated links between them and demonstrates how this intellectual and political constellation is traversed by – repurposed and refashioned – Romantic discursive energies that are mobilized in order to make sense of, and respond to, the new developments. The groundwork and the hypotheses advanced in this article require a careful differentiation between two understandings (and projects) of “theory”. In the Conclusion, I discuss the impact of May ’68 on these two different theory projects.

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BILINGUALISM IN THE CONTEXT OF ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION

Author(s): Elena Konstantinova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The focus of the paper is on the issues of globalization through the prism of crosscultural communication. The spread of bilingualism in the modern society is interpreted by economic, migration, cultural, educational and sports processes. The necessity to study languages and cultures in the modern society is pointed out; numerous classifications of bilingualism are mentioned. The following notions are considered in the paper: a monocultural identity, and a bicultural identity; the following groups are distinguished: monocultural monolinguals, monocultural bilinguals, bicultural monolinguals, bicultural bilinguals. The paper also dwells upon such a phenomenon as interference and by way of illustration of it a three year child-bilingual from an international Russian-Bulgarian family is described. Some advantages and disadvantages of several languages learning are considered.

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Les industries de la langue et la traduction professionnelle : pluridisciplinarité et synergie de la formation

Author(s): Mihaela Toader / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

Based on several translation-oriented disciplines and fields using translation, some of which constantly use new technologies, the teaching of translation in Applied Modern Languages departments involves multilingual computer processing, a field that largely overlaps with that of the language industries. The multidisciplinary training for the translation professions (also considered professions of linguistic and cultural mediation) requires a perfect synergy between the disciplines of intercultural communication and appropriate interdisciplinary pedagogical approaches. Business simulation is one of these methods. It is perfectly suited because, on the one hand, it can be adapted to be used to train specialists in many trades the focal point of which is translating and, on the other hand, it can help a future professional to get used in advance with his/her working environment and learn to live his job. This is what the author tries to illustrate through translation teaching approaches involving the simulation of translation projects in the field of the language industries.

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Linguistique contrastive et enseignement de la traduction raisonnée

Author(s): Maria Ţenchea / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

Starting from her own experience of teacher of translation, the author shows the role that contrastive linguistics can – and should – have in teaching reasoned translation to apprentice translators. As an illustration, the author presents several fragments of a translation-oriented grammar (French-Romanian and Romanian-French) focused on several specific linguistic structures which are the object of a (translational) systematic contrastive analysis. The author then emphasizes the process of explicitation (addition, amplification), illustrated by the use of some categories of explicitational terms.

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Les manuels français-italien «grammaire-traduction» du XVIIIe au XIXe siècle : de l’oralité vivante à l’écriture passéiste

Author(s): Viviana Agostini-Ouafi / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

This study analyzes the changes undergone by the “grammar-translationˮ type French-Italian bilingual textbooks, used especially in the teaching of Modern Foreign Languages in Europe in the eighteenth century, following the institutionalization of MFL teaching in the nineteenth century. The treatment of common conversation idiomatic expressions is here examined in four avatars of Giovanni Veneroni’s 1678 textbook (published in 1737, 1786, 1821 and 1864). It shows that it is not the grammar-translation method of these textbooks that should have been challenged in the late nineteenth century, but a shift in the conception of language from living orality to old-fashioned writing. The identification of historical, social, linguistic and political causes that motivated this educational involution allows us today to re-assess the key role of translation in the teaching of MFL and at last gives these old bilingual textbooks the place they deserve, especially in the eighteenth century, in the history of Franco-Italian translation.

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Plusieurs méthodes, un même défi à relever : le transfert interlingual

Author(s): Georgiana Lungu-Badea / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

This paper can be considered an inter, trans- and multi- disciplinary study. The author combines several disciplines (the pedagogy, criticism and history of translation) which, while retaining their specificity, are involved in the acquisition of transversal skills that are common to the practice and history of translation, to translation theories and terminology. The author's intention is to demonstrate that the translation competence, built on an undeniable editorial skill, can increase simultaneously with the documentary and terminological competence and that translation teaching and learning goes hand in hand with the teaching of the translation history and translation studies.

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La traduction pour enfants et son potentiel didactique

Author(s): Alina Pelea / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

The teaching of translation involves several disciplines – translation into L1 and L2, history and deontology, etc. – each of them with its own specific objectives and methods. This study sets out to explore various ways in which translation for children can be used at the beginning of the university professional training of future translators. The author's starting point is the observation of the fact that this type of translation can illustrate “in miniature” most of the difficulties (terminological, cultural, linguistic and other) occurring in professional practice and the various kinds of possible solutions.

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Dynamique de la signification et jeu des reformulations dans la traduction d’ouvrages touristiques du roumain vers le français

Author(s): Mirela-Cristina Pop / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

Based on the dynamic nature of signification, the present paper analyzes “the play” of reformulations provided by translators. In particular, it focuses on the ways in which professional translators change the content of the source text in the translation process. Taking into account that source text production and target text production are not identical processes, special emphasis is placed on those reformulations which move away from the literality of the original text. In addition, the solutions offered by translators are looked at in terms of their pertinence. The paper is part of the body of literature dealing with applied linguistics - more specifically, with the linguistics of utterance (linguistique de l’énonciation) - in the field of translation, and is based on a corpus of tourism-oriented texts translated from Romanian into French.

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Политически аспекти на идентичността в романи от днешна Германия

Author(s): Nikolina Burneva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The present article reviews contemporary trends in German literature regarding political aspects of the identity. Author discusses Deutscher Buchpreis, authors’ profiles and their publications with the goal to demonstrate the relation between the literature and its institutionalization – a process thorough which indirectly but consistently political identity aspects of the modern Europeans are being established.

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LOCUL LIMBILOR MINORITARE ȘI UTILIZAREA LOR ÎN SISTEMUL PREUNIVERSITAR GERMAN

Author(s): Oxana Chira / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Die Sprache(n) prägen unseren Alltag und sie ermöglichenuns die Kommunikation. Die Herkunftssprache ist Ausdruck einer kulturellenPraxis und hilft uns anerkannt zu werden. Die Schule nimmt in Bezug auf Spracheeine wichtige Funktion ein: Sie soll allen SuS gleichermaßen befähigen dieBildungssprache zu erlernen, um erfolgreich Bildungspotential zu entfalten,unabhängig von sozialer Herkunft, Religion oder Herkunftssprache. Ein wichtigesZiel schulischen Wandels ist eine qualitativ hochwertige und sozial gerechteBildung, durch die alle Heranwachsenden die Kompetenzen erwerben können, diesie benötigen, um in einer Gesellschaft unter Anerkennung der Menschenrechte zuhandeln und an demokratischen Prozessen teilzunehmen. Der Artikel versuchteinige Erfahrungen für eine inklusive Bildungspraxis in derEinwanderungsgesellschaft vorzustellen, um die Lehrkräfte und andere mit derSchule befassten Fachkräfte zu befähigen.

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ZUR ENTWICKLUNG INTERKULTURELLER KOMPETENZ IM DAF-UNTERRICHT

Author(s): Ana Pomelnicova / Language(s): German Publication Year: 0

The article presents a theoretical analysis of the concept of intercultural competence, which is considered from the point of view of conceptual ideas of the competence approach. The author defines the concept of “competence” and demonstrates that mastering intercultural competence forms the basis for developing the necessary skills of successful intercultural dialogues in future specialists: mobility, flexibility, adaptability to new situations, which implies the integration of the individual into global and national cultures.

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OVERCOMING CULTURE SHOCK AT THE EFL LESSONS

Author(s): Micaela Ţaulean / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The article focuses on the phenomenon of “culture shock” ateducational institutions.The author of the article tries to identify the factorscontributing to culture shock in order to find some pedagogical strategies to copewith this phenomenon, and therefore, facilitate the acclimatization in the hostcountry.

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